不同肉色甘薯的营养成分与生物活性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.02.01

浙江农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 183-192.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.02.01

不同肉色甘薯的营养成分与生物活性

谢子玉¹(), 王可尔¹, 赵雯靓¹, 文祖会¹, 程林润², 徐丽珊¹^,³^,^*()

1.浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院,浙江金华 321004
2.金华市农业科学研究院,浙江金华 321017
3.浙江省特色经济植物生物技术研究重点实验室,浙江金华 321004

收稿日期:2020-07-07 出版日期:2021-02-25 发布日期:2021-02-25
通讯作者: 徐丽珊
作者简介:*徐丽珊,E-mail: xls@zjnu.cn
谢子玉(1996—),女,浙江衢州人,硕士研究生,主要从事植物活性成分的研究与开发利用。E-mail: 1071224276@qq.com

Nutritional components and bioactivities of sweet potatoes with different flesh colors

XIE Ziyu¹(), WANG Ke’er¹, ZHAO Wenliang¹, WEN Zuhui¹, CHEN Linrun², XU Lishan¹^,³^,^*()

1. College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
2. Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua 321017, China
3. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, Jinhua 321004, China

Received:2020-07-07 Online:2021-02-25 Published:2021-02-25
Contact: XU Lishan

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为明确不同品种甘薯营养成分和生物活性的差异和相关性,以浙江省常见的不同肉色(紫色、橘色、黄色、白色)甘薯品种为材料,测定甘薯的营养成分含量(干物质、还原糖、可溶性糖、淀粉、可溶性蛋白、类胡萝卜素、花色苷、多酚)和生物活性[清除DPPH·能力、抑制胰蛋白酶活性能力、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性],并进行差异显著性分析、相关性分析、因子分析和聚类分析。结果表明,12个参试品种的营养成分含量均差异显著(P＜0.05)。紫肉品种甘薯的PPO活性均显著高于其他肉色品种,在清除DPPH·和抑制胰蛋白酶活性方面也显示出明显优势。相关性分析结果表明,甘薯提取液清除DPPH·能力与可溶性蛋白、花色苷和多酚含量呈极显著正相关;抑制胰蛋白酶活性能力和PPO活性除了与还原糖、可溶性糖含量无显著相关性外,与其他营养成分含量均呈显著或极显著相关。聚类分析将12个品种甘薯分为4类,分类结果与各品种在因子得分散点图上的分布情况相吻合。该研究结果可为甘薯产后利用和育种提供一定参考。

关键词: 甘薯, 品种, 营养成分, 生物活性, 聚类分析

Abstract:

In order to define the difference and correlation of nutritional components and bioactivities of sweet potatoes with different cultivars, the content of nutritional components (dry matter, reducing sugar, soluble sugar, starch, soluble protein, carotenoids, anthocyanin and polyphenols) and bioactivities [DPPH· scavenging activity, trypsin-inhibitory activity and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity] of sweet potatoes cultivars with different flesh colors (purple, orange, yellow and white) in Zhejiang Province were analyzed by using difference significance analysis, correlation analysis, factor analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that there were significantly differences in the content of nutritional components in 12 cultivars (P＜0.05). The PPO activity of purple flesh cultivars was significantly higher than those of other flesh color cultivars, and showed obvious advantages in DPPH· scavenging activity and trypsin-inhibitory activity. The results of correlation analysis showed that there was an extremely significantly positive correlation between DPPH· scavenging activity and content of soluble protein, anthocyanin and polyphenols. Except for the content of reducing sugar and soluble sugar, trypsin-inhibitory activity and PPO activity were significantly correlated with the other nutritional components. The cluster analysis divided 12 cultivars of sweet potato into four categories, and the results were consistent with the distribution of each cultivar on the scatter diagram of factor score. The results could provide reference for postpartum utilization and breeding of sweet potato.

Key words: sweet potato, cultivar, nutritional component, bioactivity, cluster analysis

中图分类号:

S531

谢子玉, 王可尔, 赵雯靓, 文祖会, 程林润, 徐丽珊. 不同肉色甘薯的营养成分与生物活性[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(2): 183-192.

XIE Ziyu, WANG Ke’er, ZHAO Wenliang, WEN Zuhui, CHEN Linrun, XU Lishan. Nutritional components and bioactivities of sweet potatoes with different flesh colors[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(2): 183-192.

图/表 10

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品种名 Cultivars	薯皮颜色 Skin color	薯肉颜色 Flesh color	薯形特性 Shape feature	平均单薯重 Average weight/g	商品薯率 Commercial sweet potato rate/%
浙紫薯1号 Zheshu 1	紫色 Purple	紫色 Purple	长纺锥形,表皮较光滑 Long spindle, smooth	165	87
浙紫薯3号 Zhezishu 3	紫色 Purple	紫色 Purple	纺锥形,表皮光滑,迷你型 Spindle, smooth, mini	84	83
浙薯726 Zheshu 726	紫色 Purple	紫色 Purple	短纺锥形,表皮有纵沟 Short spindle, longitudinal groove	218	89
浙薯 255 Zheshu 255	红色 Red	橘红色 Jacinth	纺锥形,表皮光滑有纵沟 Spindle, smooth, longitudinal groove	237	90
浙薯132 Zheshu 132	红色 Red	橘红色 Jacinth	短纺锤,表皮光滑,迷你型 Short spindle, smooth, mini	163	82
浙薯70 Zheshu 70	红色 Red	橘红色 Jacinth	长纺锤形,表皮光滑,迷你型 Long spindle, smooth, mini	93	78
金薯 926 Jinshu 926	浅红色 Light red	橘红色 Jacinth	短纺锥形,表皮光滑略有纵沟 Short spindle, smooth, longitudinal groove	157	85
浙薯33 Zheshu 33	紫红色 Fuchsia	橘红色 Jacinth	纺锥形,表皮光滑有纵沟 Spindle, smooth, longitudinal groove	186	86
浙薯259 Zheshu 259	红色 Red	橘红色 Jacinth	短纺锥形,表皮光滑 Short spindle, smooth	204	89
浙薯13 Zheshu 13	红色 Red	橘黄色 Orange	纺锥形,表皮光滑 Spindle, smooth	176	87
心香 Xinxiang	紫红色 Fuchsia	黄色 Yellow	短纺锥形,表皮光滑有纵沟,迷你型 Short spindle, smooth, longitudinal groove, mini	126	80
浙薯75 Zheshu 75	白色 White	白色 White	短纺锥形,表皮光滑,迷你型 Short spindle, smooth, mini	95	83

品种名 Cultivars	薯皮颜色 Skin color	薯肉颜色 Flesh color	薯形特性 Shape feature	平均单薯重 Average weight/g	商品薯率 Commercial sweet potato rate/%
浙紫薯1号 Zheshu 1	紫色 Purple	紫色 Purple	长纺锥形,表皮较光滑 Long spindle, smooth	165	87
浙紫薯3号 Zhezishu 3	紫色 Purple	紫色 Purple	纺锥形,表皮光滑,迷你型 Spindle, smooth, mini	84	83
浙薯726 Zheshu 726	紫色 Purple	紫色 Purple	短纺锥形,表皮有纵沟 Short spindle, longitudinal groove	218	89
浙薯 255 Zheshu 255	红色 Red	橘红色 Jacinth	纺锥形,表皮光滑有纵沟 Spindle, smooth, longitudinal groove	237	90
浙薯132 Zheshu 132	红色 Red	橘红色 Jacinth	短纺锤,表皮光滑,迷你型 Short spindle, smooth, mini	163	82
浙薯70 Zheshu 70	红色 Red	橘红色 Jacinth	长纺锤形,表皮光滑,迷你型 Long spindle, smooth, mini	93	78
金薯 926 Jinshu 926	浅红色 Light red	橘红色 Jacinth	短纺锥形,表皮光滑略有纵沟 Short spindle, smooth, longitudinal groove	157	85
浙薯33 Zheshu 33	紫红色 Fuchsia	橘红色 Jacinth	纺锥形,表皮光滑有纵沟 Spindle, smooth, longitudinal groove	186	86
浙薯259 Zheshu 259	红色 Red	橘红色 Jacinth	短纺锥形,表皮光滑 Short spindle, smooth	204	89
浙薯13 Zheshu 13	红色 Red	橘黄色 Orange	纺锥形,表皮光滑 Spindle, smooth	176	87
心香 Xinxiang	紫红色 Fuchsia	黄色 Yellow	短纺锥形,表皮光滑有纵沟,迷你型 Short spindle, smooth, longitudinal groove, mini	126	80
浙薯75 Zheshu 75	白色 White	白色 White	短纺锥形,表皮光滑,迷你型 Short spindle, smooth, mini	95	83

品种 Cultivars	干物质 Dry matter/%	还原糖 Reducing sugar/ (mg·g^-1)	可溶性糖 Soluble sugar/(g· 100g^-1)	淀粉 Starch/(g· 100g^-1)	可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein/ (mg·g^-1)	类胡萝卜素 Carotenoids/(mg· 100g^-1)	花色苷 Anthocyanin/ (mg· 100g^-1)	多酚 Polyphenols/ (mg·100g^-1)
浙紫薯1号 Zheshu 1	39.07 ±0.15 a	14.36 ±0.24 e	4.83 ±0.01 h	30.99 ±0.65 a	12.49 ±0.51 b	—	13.08 ±0.64 a	116.83 ±1.26 a
浙紫薯3号 Zhezishu 3	37.85 ±0.44 b	12.14 ±0.07 f	3.51 ±0.07 i	26.18 ±0.04 b	11.45 ±0.84 c	—	10.99 ±0.24 b	56.25 ±0.25 b
浙薯726 Zheshu 726	33.05 ±0.12 cd	24.36 ±0.03 b	6.34 ±0.03 c	19.24 ±0.80 d	18.71 ±0.62 a	—	3.9 ±0.64 c	53.58 ±0.38 c
浙薯255 Zheshu 255	23.50 ±0.34 h	9.67 ±0.09 h	6.89 ±0.03 b	10.45 ±0.22 h	5.78 ±0.11 gh	9.85 ±0.04 a	—	30.17 ±0.29 h
浙薯132 Zheshu 132	32.01 ±1.34 de	16.38 ±0.13 d	5.29 ±0.02 e	18.18 ±0.30 e	7.89 ±0.34 f	7.71 ±0.03 b	—	42.42 ±0.52 d
浙薯70 Zheshu 70	34.26 ±1.58 c	26.09 ±0.04 a	7.03 ±0.08 a	19.74 ±0.21 d	6.57 ±0.27 g	6.66 ±0.06 c	—	34.17 ±0.29 f
金薯926 Jinshu 926	25.96 ±0.04 g	18.05 ±0.07 c	5.53 ±0.03 d	11.36 ±0.28 g	5.55 ±0.25 h	4.92 ±0.06 d	—	32.08 ±0.14 g
浙薯33 Zheshu 33	31.31 ±0.28 ef	11.99 ±0.25 fg	5.19 ±0.07 f	17.03 ±0.50 f	3.69 ±0.16 i	3.14 ±0.03 e	—	38.17 ±0.14 e
浙薯259 Zheshu 259	31.99 ±0.33 de	18.06 ±0.12 c	5.09 ±0.04 fg	18.28 ±0.30 e	6.41 ±0.27 gh	1.37 ±0.07 f	—	28.67 ±0.52 I
浙薯13 Zheshu 13	34.31 ±0.44 c	7.83 ±0.14 i	5.18 ±0.05 f	24.56 ±0.22 c	9.91 ±0.57 d	1.19 ±0.03 g	—	34.42 ±0.52 f
心香 Xinxiang	30.17 ±0.28 f	16.49 ±0.21 d	5.10 ±0.03 fg	17.98 ±0.45 e	8.94 ±0.23 e	1.38 ±0.06 f	—	35.00 ±0.25f
浙薯75 Zheshu 75	37.24 ±0.68 b	11.79 ±0.32 g	5.07 ±0.04 g	24.72 ±0.42 c	4.01 ±0.24 i	—	—	30.08 ±0.38 h
平均值Average	32.59	15.60	5.42	19.89	8.45	4.53	9.32	44.32
标准差	4.49	5.38	0.93	5.77	4.14	3.15	4.19	23.81
Standard deviation
变异系数CV/%	13.81	34.46	17.14	29.03	49.04	69.61	44.99	53.73

品种 Cultivars	干物质 Dry matter/%	还原糖 Reducing sugar/ (mg·g^-1)	可溶性糖 Soluble sugar/(g· 100g^-1)	淀粉 Starch/(g· 100g^-1)	可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein/ (mg·g^-1)	类胡萝卜素 Carotenoids/(mg· 100g^-1)	花色苷 Anthocyanin/ (mg· 100g^-1)	多酚 Polyphenols/ (mg·100g^-1)
浙紫薯1号 Zheshu 1	39.07 ±0.15 a	14.36 ±0.24 e	4.83 ±0.01 h	30.99 ±0.65 a	12.49 ±0.51 b	—	13.08 ±0.64 a	116.83 ±1.26 a
浙紫薯3号 Zhezishu 3	37.85 ±0.44 b	12.14 ±0.07 f	3.51 ±0.07 i	26.18 ±0.04 b	11.45 ±0.84 c	—	10.99 ±0.24 b	56.25 ±0.25 b
浙薯726 Zheshu 726	33.05 ±0.12 cd	24.36 ±0.03 b	6.34 ±0.03 c	19.24 ±0.80 d	18.71 ±0.62 a	—	3.9 ±0.64 c	53.58 ±0.38 c
浙薯255 Zheshu 255	23.50 ±0.34 h	9.67 ±0.09 h	6.89 ±0.03 b	10.45 ±0.22 h	5.78 ±0.11 gh	9.85 ±0.04 a	—	30.17 ±0.29 h
浙薯132 Zheshu 132	32.01 ±1.34 de	16.38 ±0.13 d	5.29 ±0.02 e	18.18 ±0.30 e	7.89 ±0.34 f	7.71 ±0.03 b	—	42.42 ±0.52 d
浙薯70 Zheshu 70	34.26 ±1.58 c	26.09 ±0.04 a	7.03 ±0.08 a	19.74 ±0.21 d	6.57 ±0.27 g	6.66 ±0.06 c	—	34.17 ±0.29 f
金薯926 Jinshu 926	25.96 ±0.04 g	18.05 ±0.07 c	5.53 ±0.03 d	11.36 ±0.28 g	5.55 ±0.25 h	4.92 ±0.06 d	—	32.08 ±0.14 g
浙薯33 Zheshu 33	31.31 ±0.28 ef	11.99 ±0.25 fg	5.19 ±0.07 f	17.03 ±0.50 f	3.69 ±0.16 i	3.14 ±0.03 e	—	38.17 ±0.14 e
浙薯259 Zheshu 259	31.99 ±0.33 de	18.06 ±0.12 c	5.09 ±0.04 fg	18.28 ±0.30 e	6.41 ±0.27 gh	1.37 ±0.07 f	—	28.67 ±0.52 I
浙薯13 Zheshu 13	34.31 ±0.44 c	7.83 ±0.14 i	5.18 ±0.05 f	24.56 ±0.22 c	9.91 ±0.57 d	1.19 ±0.03 g	—	34.42 ±0.52 f
心香 Xinxiang	30.17 ±0.28 f	16.49 ±0.21 d	5.10 ±0.03 fg	17.98 ±0.45 e	8.94 ±0.23 e	1.38 ±0.06 f	—	35.00 ±0.25f
浙薯75 Zheshu 75	37.24 ±0.68 b	11.79 ±0.32 g	5.07 ±0.04 g	24.72 ±0.42 c	4.01 ±0.24 i	—	—	30.08 ±0.38 h
平均值Average	32.59	15.60	5.42	19.89	8.45	4.53	9.32	44.32
标准差	4.49	5.38	0.93	5.77	4.14	3.15	4.19	23.81
Standard deviation
变异系数CV/%	13.81	34.46	17.14	29.03	49.04	69.61	44.99	53.73

指标 Index	干物质 Dry matter	还原糖 Reducing sugar	可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	淀粉 Starch	可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein	类胡萝卜素 Carotenoids	花色苷 Anthocyanin	多酚 Polyphenols	清除DPPH·能力 DPPH·scavenging activity	抑制胰蛋白酶活性能力Trypsin- inhibitory activity
还原糖	0.009
Reducing sugar
可溶性糖	-0.523^**	0.457^**
Soluble sugar
淀粉Starch	0.949^**	-0.163	-0.560^**
可溶性蛋白	0.349^*	0.313	-0.068	0.394^*
Soluble protein
类胡萝卜素	-0.687^**	0.064	0.628^**	-0.698^**	-0.449^**
Carotenoids
花色苷	0.607^**	-0.070	-0.510^**	0.690^**	0.571^**	-0.474^**
Anthocyanin
多酚	0.550^**	0.002	-0.304	0.662^**	0.541^**	-0.373^*	0.881^**
Polyphenols
清除DPPH·能力	0.339^*	0.373^*	0.006	0.339^*	0.780^**	-0.015	0.620^**	0.613^**
DPPH·scavenging activity
抑制胰蛋白酶	0.408^*	0.230	-0.327	0.493^**	0.762^**	-0.586^**	0.516^**	0.464^**	0.485^**
活性能力
Trypsin-inhibitory activity
PPO活性	0.535^**	0.210	-0.279	0.582^**	0.777^**	-0.635^**	0.795^**	0.783^**	0.591^**	0.688^**
PPO activity

不同肉色甘薯的营养成分与生物活性

Nutritional components and bioactivities of sweet potatoes with different flesh colors

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因子 Factor	特征值 Eigen value	贡献率 Contribution/%	累计贡献率 Cumulative contribution/%
1	5.885	53.497	53.497
2	2.158	19.614	73.111
3	1.014	9.215	82.326
4	0.746	6.783	89.110
5	0.443	4.031	93.141

指标 Index	因子1 Factor 1	因子2 Factor 2	因子3 Factor 3
干物质Dry matter	0.754	0.389	0.026
还原糖Reducing sugar	-0.238	0.016	0.822
可溶性糖Soluble sugar	-0.777	-0.141	0.356
淀粉Starch	0.775	0.480	-0.059
可溶性蛋白Soluble protein	0.262	0.581	0.657
类胡萝卜素Carotenoids	-0.938	-0.054	-0.215
花色苷Anthocyanin	0.443	0.847	-0.016
多酚Polyphenols	0.310	0.882	0.016
清除DPPH·能力	-0.076	0.826	0.421
DPPH· scavenging activity
抑制胰蛋白酶能力	0.541	0.332	0.595
Trypsin-inhibitory activity
PPO活性PPO activity	0.475	0.662	0.420

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