不同色素和包装方式对中式香肠贮藏品质的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.02.18

浙江农业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 360-369.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.02.18

不同色素和包装方式对中式香肠贮藏品质的影响

张映萍¹^,²(), 唐宏刚¹, 李欢欢¹, 张晋¹, 陈黎洪¹, 杨叶爽¹^,², 王复龙¹, 陈伊凡¹^,^*(), 朱仁俊²^,^*()

1.浙江省农业科学院食品科学研究所,浙江杭州 310021
2.云南农业大学食品科学技术学院,云南昆明 650201

收稿日期:2021-04-16 出版日期:2022-02-25 发布日期:2022-03-02
通讯作者: 陈伊凡,朱仁俊
作者简介:朱仁俊,E-mail: 2421125201@qq.com
陈伊凡,E-mail: cgxllx@163.com;
张映萍(1996—),女,云南弥渡人,硕士研究生,研究方向为食品加工与安全。E-mail: 15125816720@163.com
基金资助:
浙江省自然科学基金(LQ17C200003);浙江省“一带一路”国际科技合作项目(2019C04022);浙江省基础公益研究计划(LGN18C200027)

Effect of colorant and packaging on quality of Chinese sausage during storage

ZHANG Yingping¹^,²(), TANG Honggang¹, LI Huanhuan¹, ZHANG Jin¹, CHEN Lihong¹, YANG Yeshuang¹^,², WANG Fulong¹, CHEN Yifan¹^,^*(), ZHU Renjun²^,^*()

1. Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
2. College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China

Received:2021-04-16 Online:2022-02-25 Published:2022-03-02
Contact: CHEN Yifan,ZHU Renjun

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为替代亚硝酸盐,本研究比较了不同色素和包装方式(散装、真空包装)对中式香肠短期贮藏过程中品质的影响。根据使用色素的不同,设以下处理:B组,空白对照,不添加色素;N组,添加100 mg·kg^-1亚硝酸钠;G组,添加糖化血红蛋白色素(G-Hb)与异抗坏血酸钠;F组,添加G-Hb与番茄红素。结果显示,G组对中式香肠的色泽有明显的改善作用,但发色效果仍略逊于N组。与N组相比,G组对中式香肠水分活度、pH值、质构特性、丙二醛含量、菌落总数等指标无明显不良作用。与散装相比,采用真空包装可更好地保持香肠原有的品质特性(色泽、水分活度和质构特性等),加强对香肠中脂质氧化的抑制作用。综合来看,在中式香肠的实际生产中,若要替代亚硝酸钠,可在添加合适色素的基础上,搭配使用真空包装,以更好地保持产品的品质特性。

关键词: 中式香肠, 血红蛋白色素, 贮藏, 品质, 真空包装

Abstract:

In order to seek substitute of nitrite in Chinese sausage production, the effects of different colorants and packaging (bulk storage and vacuum packaging) on the quality of Chinese sausage during storage were investigated. Based on the adopted colorant in Chinse sausage production, four treatment groups were set: group B, control, no colorant was added; group N, 100 mg·kg^-1 sodium nitrite was added; group G, glycated hemoglobin (G-Hb) andsodium isascorbate were added; group F, G-Hb and lycopene were added. The results showed that the color of Chinese sausage in group G was improved, but its color forming effect was no better than group N. Compared with group N,no negative effects of group G on the water actitivy, pH value, texture characteristics, malondialdehyde content, total number of bacterial colonies were found. Compared with bulk storgae, vacuum packaging was beneficial for the maintenance of Chinese sausage quality (color, water activity, texture characteristic, etc), and inhibit lipid peroxidation. In conclusion, it was feasible to use G-Hb and sodium isascorbate as substitute of nitrite in Chinese sausage production. At the same time, vacuum packaging should also be applied to better maintain the quality of Chinese sausage during storage.

Key words: Chinese sausage, hemoglobin, storage, quality, vacuum packaging

中图分类号:

TS251.5

张映萍, 唐宏刚, 李欢欢, 张晋, 陈黎洪, 杨叶爽, 王复龙, 陈伊凡, 朱仁俊. 不同色素和包装方式对中式香肠贮藏品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(2): 360-369.

ZHANG Yingping, TANG Honggang, LI Huanhuan, ZHANG Jin, CHEN Lihong, YANG Yeshuang, WANG Fulong, CHEN Yifan, ZHU Renjun. Effect of colorant and packaging on quality of Chinese sausage during storage[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(2): 360-369.

图/表 6

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指标 Index	包装方式 Packaging	组别 Group	贮藏时间Storage time/d
指标 Index	包装方式 Packaging	组别 Group	0	10	20	30
L^*	散装	B	56.28±0.83 Aa	46.66±0.76 ABc	50.17±1.76 Ab	49.07±1.48 Abc
	Bulk storage	N	53.80±0.96 Ba	47.42±0.69 Ac	50.48±0.75 Ab	50.67±0.61 Ab
		G	53.32±0.88 Ca	45.37±0.18 Bc	46.73±0.61 Bbc	48.45±1.24 Aab
		F	55.62±0.86 Aa	43.72±0.67 Cb	45.05±0.27 Bb	42.22±0.65 Bc
	真空包装	B	56.28±0.83 Aa	47.47±0.34 Bc	51.62±0.62 Ab	55.68±1.02 Aa
	Vacuum packaging	N	53.80±0.96 Ba	51.19±1.08 Ab	47.71±0.34 Bb	48.05±1.22 Bb
		G	53.32±0.88 Ca	46.81±0.85 Bb	45.80±1.07 BCb	45.69±0.63 BCb
		F	55.62±0.86 Aa	44.09±1.08 Cb	44.58±0.83 Cb	44.02±1.06 Cb
a^*	散装Bulk storage	B	12.40±0.24 Ba	11.38±0.56 Bab	11.12±0.58 Cb	11.44±0.08 Cab
		N	14.63±0.39 Aa	12.54±0.20 ABb	12.17±0.09 BCb	15.03±0.57 Aa
		G	14.55±0.43 Aa	13.59±0.98 Aa	13.84±0.17 Aa	13.19±0.51 Ba
		F	15.66±0.80 Aa	11.24±0.49 Bc	13.09±0.73 ABb	13.43±0.49 Bb
	真空包装	B	12.40±0.24 Ba	11.17±0.43 Bb	12.89±0.10 Ca	12.93±0.28 Ca
	Vacuum packaging	N	14.63±0.39 Aa	14.52±0.66 Aa	14.81±0.53 Aa	14.90±0.20 Aa
		G	14.55±0.43 Aa	14.15±0.29 Aa	14.21±0.23 ABa	14.15±0.30 ABa
		F	15.66±0.80 Aa	13.82±0.27 Ab	13.53±0.65 BCb	13.61±0.47 BCb
b^*	散装Bulk storage	B	12.21±0.64 Ab	10.29±0.40 Bc	13.81±1.35 Bb	17.21±0.36 Aa
		N	8.74±0.34 Cc	10.83±1.09 ABb	15.03±0.11 ABa	16.01±0.42 Ba
		G	9.81±0.46 Bc	12.30±0.41 Ab	15.84±0.25 Aa	16.66±0.43 ABa
		F	12.96±0.18 Ab	12.27±0.77 Ab	16.09±0.23 Aa	16.34±0.51 ABa
	真空包装	B	12.21±0.64 Aab	10.47±1.00 Ab	12.60±0.78 Aab	13.56±0.72 Aa
	Vacuum packaging	N	8.74±0.34 Ca	9.54±0.31 Aa	10.16±0.70 Ba	9.54±0.78 Ba
		G	9.81±0.46 Ba	10.13±0.62 Aa	10.66±0.95 ABa	10.16±0.26 Ba
		F	12.96±0.18 Aa	10.58±0.51 Ab	10.16±0.65 Bb	9.97±0.41 Bb

指标 Index	包装方式 Packaging	组别 Group	贮藏时间Storage time/d
指标 Index	包装方式 Packaging	组别 Group	0	10	20	30
L^*	散装	B	56.28±0.83 Aa	46.66±0.76 ABc	50.17±1.76 Ab	49.07±1.48 Abc
	Bulk storage	N	53.80±0.96 Ba	47.42±0.69 Ac	50.48±0.75 Ab	50.67±0.61 Ab
		G	53.32±0.88 Ca	45.37±0.18 Bc	46.73±0.61 Bbc	48.45±1.24 Aab
		F	55.62±0.86 Aa	43.72±0.67 Cb	45.05±0.27 Bb	42.22±0.65 Bc
	真空包装	B	56.28±0.83 Aa	47.47±0.34 Bc	51.62±0.62 Ab	55.68±1.02 Aa
	Vacuum packaging	N	53.80±0.96 Ba	51.19±1.08 Ab	47.71±0.34 Bb	48.05±1.22 Bb
		G	53.32±0.88 Ca	46.81±0.85 Bb	45.80±1.07 BCb	45.69±0.63 BCb
		F	55.62±0.86 Aa	44.09±1.08 Cb	44.58±0.83 Cb	44.02±1.06 Cb
a^*	散装Bulk storage	B	12.40±0.24 Ba	11.38±0.56 Bab	11.12±0.58 Cb	11.44±0.08 Cab
		N	14.63±0.39 Aa	12.54±0.20 ABb	12.17±0.09 BCb	15.03±0.57 Aa
		G	14.55±0.43 Aa	13.59±0.98 Aa	13.84±0.17 Aa	13.19±0.51 Ba
		F	15.66±0.80 Aa	11.24±0.49 Bc	13.09±0.73 ABb	13.43±0.49 Bb
	真空包装	B	12.40±0.24 Ba	11.17±0.43 Bb	12.89±0.10 Ca	12.93±0.28 Ca
	Vacuum packaging	N	14.63±0.39 Aa	14.52±0.66 Aa	14.81±0.53 Aa	14.90±0.20 Aa
		G	14.55±0.43 Aa	14.15±0.29 Aa	14.21±0.23 ABa	14.15±0.30 ABa
		F	15.66±0.80 Aa	13.82±0.27 Ab	13.53±0.65 BCb	13.61±0.47 BCb
b^*	散装Bulk storage	B	12.21±0.64 Ab	10.29±0.40 Bc	13.81±1.35 Bb	17.21±0.36 Aa
		N	8.74±0.34 Cc	10.83±1.09 ABb	15.03±0.11 ABa	16.01±0.42 Ba
		G	9.81±0.46 Bc	12.30±0.41 Ab	15.84±0.25 Aa	16.66±0.43 ABa
		F	12.96±0.18 Ab	12.27±0.77 Ab	16.09±0.23 Aa	16.34±0.51 ABa
	真空包装	B	12.21±0.64 Aab	10.47±1.00 Ab	12.60±0.78 Aab	13.56±0.72 Aa
	Vacuum packaging	N	8.74±0.34 Ca	9.54±0.31 Aa	10.16±0.70 Ba	9.54±0.78 Ba
		G	9.81±0.46 Ba	10.13±0.62 Aa	10.66±0.95 ABa	10.16±0.26 Ba
		F	12.96±0.18 Aa	10.58±0.51 Ab	10.16±0.65 Bb	9.97±0.41 Bb

包装方式 Packaging	组别 Group	贮藏时间Storage time/d
包装方式 Packaging	组别 Group	0	10	20	30
散装Bulk storage	B	0.852±0.007 Ba	0.796±0.003 Ab	0.649±0.004 Bc	0.608±0.001 Bd
	N	0.829±0.002 Ca	0.752±0.001 Cb	0.657±0.001 Ac	0.594±0.002 Cd
	G	0.861±0.001 Aa	0.775±0.002 Bb	0.638±0.001 Cc	0.607±0.001 Bd
	F	0.866±0.003 Aa	0.795±0.004 Ab	0.627±0.002 Dc	0.624±0.001 Ac
真空包装	B	0.852±0.007 Bb	0.863±0.003 Aa	0.838±0.001 Bc	0.831±0.002 Cc
Vacuum packaging	N	0.829±0.002 Cc	0.850±0.002 Ba	0.846±0.002 Aa	0.836±0.003 Ab
	G	0.861±0.001 Aa	0.855±0.003 Bb	0.830±0.002 Cc	0.832±0.002 Bc
	F	0.866±0.003 Aa	0.862±0.002 Aa	0.833±0.001 Cb	0.835±0.002 ABb

包装方式 Packaging	组别 Group	贮藏时间Storage time/d
包装方式 Packaging	组别 Group	0	10	20	30
散装Bulk storage	B	0.852±0.007 Ba	0.796±0.003 Ab	0.649±0.004 Bc	0.608±0.001 Bd
	N	0.829±0.002 Ca	0.752±0.001 Cb	0.657±0.001 Ac	0.594±0.002 Cd
	G	0.861±0.001 Aa	0.775±0.002 Bb	0.638±0.001 Cc	0.607±0.001 Bd
	F	0.866±0.003 Aa	0.795±0.004 Ab	0.627±0.002 Dc	0.624±0.001 Ac
真空包装	B	0.852±0.007 Bb	0.863±0.003 Aa	0.838±0.001 Bc	0.831±0.002 Cc
Vacuum packaging	N	0.829±0.002 Cc	0.850±0.002 Ba	0.846±0.002 Aa	0.836±0.003 Ab
	G	0.861±0.001 Aa	0.855±0.003 Bb	0.830±0.002 Cc	0.832±0.002 Bc
	F	0.866±0.003 Aa	0.862±0.002 Aa	0.833±0.001 Cb	0.835±0.002 ABb

指标 Index	包装方式 Packaging	组别 Group	贮藏时间Storage time/d
指标 Index	包装方式 Packaging	组别 Group	0	10	20	30
硬度	散装	B	1 289.3±93.6 Ad	2 500.8±27.7 Bc	3 482.0±558.8 Bb	6 022.2±604.0 Aa
Hardness/g	Bulk storage	N	1 501.1±303.5 Ac	4 592.1±734.2 Ab	4 748.5±381.9 Ab	8 355.7±192.5 Aa
		G	1 435.5±125.5 Ad	2 592.8±189.8 Bc	4 078.3±256.5 ABb	8 311.0±913.2 Aa
		F	1 272.0±100.5 Ac	2 980.2±74.1 Bbc	3 989.3±268.1 ABb	7 322.1±1 658.5 Aa
	真空包装	B	1 289.3±93.6 Aab	1 436.7±289.6 Aab	1 110.8±42.5 Bb	1 654.7±105.2 Ca
	Vacuum packaging	N	1 501.1±303.5 Ab	1 646.6±78.5 Ab	1 140.8±88.8 Bc	2 190.7±128.8 Ba
		G	1 435.5±125.5 Ab	1 656.6±278.9 Ab	1 445.1±162.8 ABb	2 729.3±77.0 Aa
		F	1 272.0±100.5 Ab	1 463.0±78.8 Ab	1 586.7±210.1 Ab	2 278.3±142.8 Ba
弹性	散装	B	0.575±0.020 Ca	0.542±0.031 Aa	0.537±0.044 Aa	0.453±0.021 Ab
Elasticity	Bulk storage	N	0.718±0.012 Aa	0.582±0.023 Ab	0.578±0.017 Ab	0.523±0.054 Ab
		G	0.703±0.026 Aa	0.572±0.056 Ab	0.555±0.025 Ab	0.517±0.039 Ab
		F	0.619±0.002 Ba	0.563±0.036 Aab	0.543±0.026 Ab	0.513±0.027 Ab
	真空包装	B	0.575±0.020 Cab	0.621±0.028 BCa	0.603±0.016 Ba	0.524±0.032 Bb
	Vacuum packaging	N	0.718±0.012 Aa	0.688±0.029 Aab	0.667±0.023 Abc	0.635±0.015 Ac
		G	0.703±0.026 Aa	0.663±0.017 ABa	0.675±0.004 Aa	0.634±0.012 Ab
		F	0.619±0.002 Bab	0.588±0.024 Cb	0.658±0.022 Aa	0.592±0.023 Ab
咀嚼性	散装	B	387.5±25.5 Bb	576.4±83.6 Ba	624.2±196.2 Ba	740.8±98.4 Ba
Chewiness/g	Bulk storage	N	677.0±53.5 Ac	1 165.8±68.4 Aab	1 042.7±111.6 ABb	1 355.8±87.7 Aa
		G	641.5±43.8 Ab	666.1±152.1 Bb	938.3±57.0 Bab	1 223.2±202.7 ABa
		F	413.3±50.4 Bb	837.1±24.8 Bab	1 188.0±111.5 Aa	1 385.2±475.4 Aa
	真空包装	B	387.5±25.6 Ba	429.6±151.0 Ba	405.5±4.7 Ba	465.6±66.9 Ba
	Vacuum packaging	N	677.0±53.5 Aa	686.6±29.4 Aa	557.5±35.9 Ab	616.6±48.4 Aab
		G	641.5±43.8 Aa	684.4±96.8 Aa	584.7±54.6 Aa	662.8±75.4 Aa
		F	413.3±50.4 Bb	483.6±29.9 ABb	561.3±14.7 Aa	599.4±32.1 ABa
内聚性	散装	B	0.517±0.021 Aa	0.363±0.052 Ab	0.358±0.012 Bb	0.312±0.031 Ab
Cohesiveness	Bulk storage	N	0.600±0.029 Aa	0.420±0.041 Ab	0.415±0.030 Ab	0.342±0.012 Ac
		G	0.532±0.119 Aa	0.428±0.043 Aab	0.374±0.006 ABb	0.319±0.023 Ab
		F	0.523±0.022 Aa	0.421±0.014 Ab	0.357±0.021 Bc	0.311±0.014 Ad
	真空包装	B	0.517±0.021 Aab	0.518±0.019 Bab	0.559±0.007 Ba	0.474±0.023 Bb
	Vacuum packaging	N	0.600±0.029 Aab	0.568±0.022 Abc	0.642±0.023 Aa	0.536±0.014 Ac
		G	0.532±0.119 Aa	0.569±0.016 Aa	0.600±0.025 Ba	0.523±0.010 Ab
		F	0.523±0.022 Abc	0.558±0.016 ABab	0.573±0.005 Ba	0.511±0.014 Ac
回复性	散装	B	0.186±0.005 Ba	0.134±0.014 Ab	0.144±0.007 Aab	0.099±0.034 Ab
Resilience	Bulk storage	N	0.233±0.004 Aa	0.133±0.005 Ab	0.142±0.004 Ab	0.133±0.014 Ab
		G	0.201±0.013 Ba	0.150±0.023 Ab	0.153±0.008 Ab	0.131±0.012 Ab
		F	0.198±0.005 Ba	0.145±0.008 Ab	0.139±0.012 Ab	0.100±0.019 Ac
	真空包装	B	0.186±0.005 Bb	0.184±0.017 Bb	0.221±0.015 ABa	0.160±0.009 Ab
	Vacuum packaging	N	0.233±0.004 Aa	0.197±0.014 Ab	0.227±0.007 Aa	0.183±0.008 Ab
		G	0.201±0.013 Ba	0.209±0.003 Aa	0.212±0.003 ABa	0.170±0.007 Ab
		F	0.198±0.005 Ba	0.173±0.023 Ba	0.199±0.013 Ba	0.163±0.018 Aa

不同色素和包装方式对中式香肠贮藏品质的影响

Effect of colorant and packaging on quality of Chinese sausage during storage

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