免耕和秸秆覆盖对旱作区土壤氮素、水分和春小麦产量的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2020.08.01

浙江农业学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (8): 1329-1341.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2020.08.01

免耕和秸秆覆盖对旱作区土壤氮素、水分和春小麦产量的影响

张统帅^a, 闫丽娟^b,*, 李广^a, 陈国鹏^a, 罗永忠^a

a.甘肃农业大学,林学院,甘肃兰州 730070;
b.甘肃农业大学,农学院,甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2020-02-11 出版日期:2020-08-25 发布日期:2020-08-28
通讯作者: *,闫丽娟,E-mail: yanlj@gsau.edu.cn
作者简介:张统帅(1991—),男,甘肃静宁人,硕士研究生,主要从事生态系统过程研究。E-mail:1040323013@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31560378,31560343,31660348); 甘肃省重点研发计划(18YF1NA070); 甘肃省高等学校协同创新团队(2018C-16)

Effects of no tillage and straw mulching on soil nitrogen, water content and yield of spring wheat in dryland farming area

ZHANG Tongshuai^a, YAN Lijuan^b,*, LI Guang^a, CHEN Guopeng^a, LUO Yongzhong^a

a. College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
b. Agronomy College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received:2020-02-11 Online:2020-08-25 Published:2020-08-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用随机区组设计进行大田试验,设置传统耕作(CT)、免耕(NT)、传统耕作+秸秆覆盖(TS)、免耕+秸秆覆盖(NTS)4种处理,研究不同处理下旱作区春小麦田的土壤容重、含水量、全氮含量、铵态氮含量、硝态氮含量和小麦产量。结果表明:不同处理实施2 a后,NT和NTS处理的0~10 cm土层土壤容重显著(P<0.05)高于CT和TS处理;TS和NTS处理较CT处理增加了土壤含水量和土壤表层(0~40 cm)全氮含量,就2 a试验平均值而言,TS、NT和NTS处理的土壤含水量较CT处理分别增加8.33%、3.17%和3.82%,TS和NTS处理的土壤全氮含量分别较CT处理显著(P<0.05)增加1.78%和3.48%;但TS、NT和NTS处理的土壤铵态氮和硝态氮含量较CT处理显著(P<0.05)降低。从2 a试验平均值看,与CT处理相比,TS和NTS处理的春小麦产量明显增加,而NT处理的春小麦产量下降。

关键词: 耕作方式, 旱作农业, 春小麦, 土壤理化性状, 产量

Abstract: In the present study, a field experiment was conducted with randomized block design, including conventional tillage (CT), no tillage (NT), conventional tillage+straw mulching (TS), no tillage+straw mulching (NTS), to explore the water and fertilizer effect and yield characteristics of spring wheat under different treatments in dryland farming area. The soil bulk density, contents of total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, soil water content, and wheat yield were determined. It was shown that after two years' experiment, the soil bulk density of NT and NTS in 0-10 cm soil layer was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of CT and TS. Compared with CT, TS and NTS increased soil water content and total nitrogen content in soil surface layer (0-40 cm). According to the average of two-year results, the soil water content of TS, NT and NTS was increased by 8.33%, 3.17% and 3.82% than that of CT, respectively. The soil total nitrogen content of TS and NTS was significantly (P<0.05) increased by 1.78% and 3.48% than that of CT, respectively. However, TS, NT and NTS significantly (P<0.05) decreased the content of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen compared with CT. Based on the average of two-year result, compared with CT, TS and NTS increased the yield of spring wheat, while NT decreased the yield of spring wheat.

Key words: tillage management, dryland farming, spring wheat, soil physical and chemical properties, yield

中图分类号:

S504

张统帅, 闫丽娟, 李广, 陈国鹏, 罗永忠. 免耕和秸秆覆盖对旱作区土壤氮素、水分和春小麦产量的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(8): 1329-1341.

ZHANG Tongshuai, YAN Lijuan, LI Guang, CHEN Guopeng, LUO Yongzhong. Effects of no tillage and straw mulching on soil nitrogen, water content and yield of spring wheat in dryland farming area[J]. , 2020, 32(8): 1329-1341.

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免耕和秸秆覆盖对旱作区土壤氮素、水分和春小麦产量的影响

Effects of no tillage and straw mulching on soil nitrogen, water content and yield of spring wheat in dryland farming area

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