农田杂草在害虫防治中的作用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20231343

浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (10): 2426-2436.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20231343

• 综述 • 上一篇

农田杂草在害虫防治中的作用

皮艺萌¹^,²(), 鲁艳辉², 吕仲贤², 许益鹏¹^,^*(), 徐红星²^,^*()

1.中国计量大学生命科学学院,浙江省生物计量及检验检疫技术重点实验室,浙江杭州 310018
2.浙江省农业科学院植物保护与微生物研究所,浙江杭州 310021

收稿日期:2023-11-28 出版日期:2024-10-25 发布日期:2024-10-30
作者简介:皮艺萌(1999—),女,河南洛阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为粮食作物虫害与杂草防控。E-mail:pym1526@163.com
通讯作者: ^*许益鹏,E-mail:xyp@cjlu.edu.cn;徐红星,E-mail:hzxuhongxing@163.com
基金资助:
浙江省重点研发计划(2022C02034);浙江省“三农九方”项目(2023SNJF006)

The role of farmland weeds in pest control

PI Yimeng¹^,²(), LU Yanhui², LYU Zhongxian², XU Yipeng¹^,^*(), XU Hongxing²^,^*()

1. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
2. Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China

Received:2023-11-28 Online:2024-10-25 Published:2024-10-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

杂草、害虫与天敌均是农业生态系统中的重要生物组成部分。目前农田杂草的防控主要依赖于化学除草剂,但长期不合理地使用除草剂严重影响了农田杂草、害虫和天敌三者之间的生态平衡关系。近年来,保护农田杂草的多样性,使其在维持农田生态平衡中发挥重要作用的观念引起人们广泛关注。文章从农田中常见杂草种类及除草剂的使用情况,农田杂草与害虫、天敌的关系,施用除草剂对害虫和天敌的影响,以及农田杂草在生物防治中的应用4个方面综述了农田杂草及除草剂施用对害虫发生与天敌影响的研究进展,旨在更加安全合理地利用农田杂草的生态功能,为天敌的保护与利用提供栖境,为农田害虫的绿色防控提供新思路。

关键词: 农田生态系统, 杂草, 害虫和天敌, 害虫综合治理, 功能植物

Abstract:

Weeds, pests and natural enemies are important biological components in the agricultural ecosystem. At present, the prevention and control of farmland weeds mainly depend on chemical herbicides. However, the long-term unreasonable use of herbicides has seriously affected the ecological balance among farmland weeds, pests and natural enemies. In recent years, the concept of protecting the diversity of farmland weeds and making them play an important role in maintaining the ecological balance of farmland has attracted wide attention. This paper reviewed the research and application technologies of farmland weeds and herbicides on the occurrence of pests and natural enemies on the common weeds in farmland and the use of herbicides, the relationship between weeds, pests and natural enemies, the effects of herbicides on pests and natural enemies, and application of farmland weeds in biological control. This paper aims to use the ecological function of farmland weeds more safely and reasonably, and provide habitat for the protection and utilization of natural enemies and new ideas for the green control of farmland pests.

Key words: farmland ecosystem, weed, pest and natural enemy, integrated pest management, functional plant

中图分类号:

S181

皮艺萌, 鲁艳辉, 吕仲贤, 许益鹏, 徐红星. 农田杂草在害虫防治中的作用[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(10): 2426-2436.

PI Yimeng, LU Yanhui, LYU Zhongxian, XU Yipeng, XU Hongxing. The role of farmland weeds in pest control[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(10): 2426-2436.

图/表 1

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HRAC 分组 HRAC group	传统HRAC分组 Legacy HRAC group	作用位点 Site of action	代表性除草剂 Representive herbicide	抗除草剂双子叶植物 Herbicide- resistant dicots	抗除草剂单子叶植物 Herbicide- resistant monocots	总数 Total
2	B	乙酰乳酸合成酶抑制剂	氯磺隆Chlorsulfuron	105	67	172
		Inhibition of acetolactate synthase
5	C1 C2	光系统Ⅱ抑制剂PSII inhibitors-serine 264 binders	绿麦隆Chlorotoluron	53	34	87
9	G	烯醇式丙酮酸莽草酸磷酸合成酶抑制剂	草甘膦Glyphosate	28	30	58
		Inhibition of enolpyruvyl shikimate phosphate synthase
1	A	乙酰辅酶A羧化酶抑制剂	稀禾定Sethoxydim	0	51	51
		Inhibition of acetyl CoA carboxylase
4	O	激素合成Auxin mimics	2,4-滴 2,4-D	34	8	42
22	D	光系统I电子传递抑制剂PS I electron diversion	百草枯Paraquat	22	10	32
14	E	原卟啉原氧化酶抑制剂	乙氧氟草Oxyfluorfen	11	4	15
		Inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase
15	K3 N	细胞分裂(极长链脂肪酸)抑制剂	丁草锁Butachlor	2	11	13
		Very long-chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitors
3	K1	抑制微管装配Inhibition of microtubule assembly	氟乐灵Trifluralin	2	10	12
34	F3	番茄红素环化酶抑制剂Inhibition of lycopene cyclase	氨三唑Amitrole	1	5	6
10	H	谷氨酰胺合成酶抑制剂	草铵膦	1	5	6
		Inhibition of glutamine synthetase	Glufosinate ammonium
6	C3	光系统Ⅱ抑制剂PSII inhibitors-histidine 215 binders	溴苯腈Bromoxynil	4	1	5
12	F1	八氢番茄红素脱氢酶抑制剂	吡氟酰草Diflufenican	4	1	5
		Phytoene desaturase inhibitors
27	F2	对-羟苯基丙酮酸双氧化酶抑制剂	异噁唑草Isoxaflutole	4	0	4
		Inhibition of hydroxyphenyl pyruvate dioxygenase
29	L	纤维素合成抑制剂Inhibition of cellulose synthesis	敌草腈Dichlobenil	0	4	4
13	F4	脱氧木酮糖磷酸合酶抑制剂	异噁草酮Clomazone	0	3	3
		Inhibition of microtubule assembly
0	Z	抗微管有丝分裂破坏剂	草氟安	0	3	3
		Antimicrotubule mitotic disrupter	Flamprop-methyl
23	K2	微管组织抑制剂Inhibition of microtubule organization	苯胺灵Propham	0	1	1
0	Z	核酸抑制剂Nucleic acid inhibitors	甲基砷酸钠	1	0	1
			Sodium methylarsonate
0	Z	未知靶标Unknown	桥氧酞钠Endothall	0	1	1
0	Z	细胞伸长抑制剂Cell elongation inhibitors	燕麦枯Difenzoquat	0	1	1

HRAC 分组 HRAC group	传统HRAC分组 Legacy HRAC group	作用位点 Site of action	代表性除草剂 Representive herbicide	抗除草剂双子叶植物 Herbicide- resistant dicots	抗除草剂单子叶植物 Herbicide- resistant monocots	总数 Total
2	B	乙酰乳酸合成酶抑制剂	氯磺隆Chlorsulfuron	105	67	172
		Inhibition of acetolactate synthase
5	C1 C2	光系统Ⅱ抑制剂PSII inhibitors-serine 264 binders	绿麦隆Chlorotoluron	53	34	87
9	G	烯醇式丙酮酸莽草酸磷酸合成酶抑制剂	草甘膦Glyphosate	28	30	58
		Inhibition of enolpyruvyl shikimate phosphate synthase
1	A	乙酰辅酶A羧化酶抑制剂	稀禾定Sethoxydim	0	51	51
		Inhibition of acetyl CoA carboxylase
4	O	激素合成Auxin mimics	2,4-滴 2,4-D	34	8	42
22	D	光系统I电子传递抑制剂PS I electron diversion	百草枯Paraquat	22	10	32
14	E	原卟啉原氧化酶抑制剂	乙氧氟草Oxyfluorfen	11	4	15
		Inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase
15	K3 N	细胞分裂(极长链脂肪酸)抑制剂	丁草锁Butachlor	2	11	13
		Very long-chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitors
3	K1	抑制微管装配Inhibition of microtubule assembly	氟乐灵Trifluralin	2	10	12
34	F3	番茄红素环化酶抑制剂Inhibition of lycopene cyclase	氨三唑Amitrole	1	5	6
10	H	谷氨酰胺合成酶抑制剂	草铵膦	1	5	6
		Inhibition of glutamine synthetase	Glufosinate ammonium
6	C3	光系统Ⅱ抑制剂PSII inhibitors-histidine 215 binders	溴苯腈Bromoxynil	4	1	5
12	F1	八氢番茄红素脱氢酶抑制剂	吡氟酰草Diflufenican	4	1	5
		Phytoene desaturase inhibitors
27	F2	对-羟苯基丙酮酸双氧化酶抑制剂	异噁唑草Isoxaflutole	4	0	4
		Inhibition of hydroxyphenyl pyruvate dioxygenase
29	L	纤维素合成抑制剂Inhibition of cellulose synthesis	敌草腈Dichlobenil	0	4	4
13	F4	脱氧木酮糖磷酸合酶抑制剂	异噁草酮Clomazone	0	3	3
		Inhibition of microtubule assembly
0	Z	抗微管有丝分裂破坏剂	草氟安	0	3	3
		Antimicrotubule mitotic disrupter	Flamprop-methyl
23	K2	微管组织抑制剂Inhibition of microtubule organization	苯胺灵Propham	0	1	1
0	Z	核酸抑制剂Nucleic acid inhibitors	甲基砷酸钠	1	0	1
			Sodium methylarsonate
0	Z	未知靶标Unknown	桥氧酞钠Endothall	0	1	1
0	Z	细胞伸长抑制剂Cell elongation inhibitors	燕麦枯Difenzoquat	0	1	1

农田杂草在害虫防治中的作用

The role of farmland weeds in pest control

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