浙江农业学报

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番茄灰叶斑病病原菌生物学特性及杀菌剂筛选

  

  1. (1 杭州市农业科学研究院 蔬菜研究所, 浙江 杭州 310024; 2 浙江大学 农业与生物技术学院, 浙江 杭州 310058)
  • 出版日期:2015-11-25 发布日期:2015-12-05

Biological characteristics and fungicide screening of Stemphylium lycopersici causing tomato grey leaf spot

  1. (1 Institute of Vegetable, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; 2 College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China)
  • Online:2015-11-25 Published:2015-12-05

摘要: 研究了番茄灰叶斑病病原菌番茄匍柄霉(Stemphylium lycopersici)的生物学特性,并对其防治药剂进行了室内筛选。结果表明,菌株HZ2111菌丝生长的最适条件为温度25 ℃,光照周期12 h∶12 h(L/D),有较宽的酸碱度范围(pH 4.0~9.0);在以可溶性淀粉为碳源和以酵母膏为氮源的培养基上菌丝生长较快,线性生长率分别为3.17和9.04 mm·d-1;在以半乳糖为碳源和以硫酸铵为氮源的培养基上生长较慢,线性生长率分别为0.78和0.36 mm·d-1。药剂对菌丝生长抑制作用的试验结果表明,14种杀菌剂对菌株HZ2111菌丝生长均有较好的抑制作用,其中500 g·L-1氟啶胺SC和50%咯菌腈WP效果最好,EC50分别为0.000 1和0.000 2 μg·mL-1;孢子萌发对药剂敏感性的测定结果表明,12.5%四氟醚唑EW、70%乙铝·锰锌WP、75%戊唑·嘧菌酯WDG、30%多·福WP和75%肟菌·戊唑醇WDG对病菌孢子萌发有较好的抑制作用,其中四氟醚唑抑菌效果最好,其最小抑菌浓度(MIC)小于0.05 μg·mL-1。

关键词: 番茄灰叶斑病菌, 生物学特性, 杀菌剂

Abstract: The biological characteristics of Stemphylium lycopersici were studied and the preliminary screening of fungicides was conducted in the lab. Results showed that HZ2111 was able to grow at pH between 4.0 to 9.0, and 25 ℃ under 12 h light/12 h dark alternate illumination was benefit to colony growth; starch and yeast extract were the best carbon and nitrogen source for mycelia with linear growth rates of 3.17 and 9.04 mm·d-1, respectively, while galactose and ammonium sulfate showed the least linear growth rates of 0.78 and 0.36 mm·d-1, respectively. Studies on the effects of the fungicides on mycelial growth of HZ2111 revealed that 14 fungicides were all effective to HZ2111, and 500 g·L-1 fluazinam and 50% fludioxonil were the most effective inhibitors with EC50 as 0.000 1 and 0.000 2 μg·mL-1, respectively. Studies on the sensitivity tests of the fungicides on spore germination of HZ2111 showed that 12.5% tetraconazole, 70% phosethy\|Al·mancozeb, 75% tebuconazole·azoxystrobin, 30% carbendazim·thiram and 75% trifloxystrobin·tebuconazole were all effective, and tetraconazole was the most effective one with MIC less than 0.05 μg·mL-1.

Key words: Stemphylium lycopersici, biological characteristics, fungicides