浙江农业学报

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极细链格孢菌HZ\|1对阔叶杂草的致病性及对作物的安全性评价

  

  1. (青海省农林科学院,农业部西宁作物有害生物科学观测实验站,青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室,青海 西宁 810016)
  • 出版日期:2016-06-25 发布日期:2016-06-12

Pathogenicity of Alternaria tenuissima HZ-1 to broadleaf weeds and its safety on crops

  1. (Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Xining, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management in Qinghai Province, Xining 810016, China)
  • Online:2016-06-25 Published:2016-06-12

摘要: 采用形态学结合分子鉴定的方法,对生防潜力菌株HZ\|1进行分类学鉴定,通过菌株发酵液致病性测定,评价该菌株对5种阔叶杂草的除草活性,采用盆栽生测法评价其对青海省主栽作物的安全性。结果表明,HZ\|1为极细链格孢菌(Alternaria tenuissima),菌株发酵液对猪秧秧(Galium aparine)、刺儿菜[Cephalanoplos setosum(Willd.) Kitam]、藜(Chenopodium album)、冬葵(Malva crispa)、酸模叶蓼(Polygonum lapathifolium L.)表现出不同程度的致病作用,尤其对猪秧秧、藜致病效果最为突出。安全性评价结果显示,该菌株除对春油菜有轻微影响外,对春小麦、蚕豆、豌豆和青稞4种作物相对安全。综上,HZ\|1可作为防除猪殃殃、藜等阔叶杂草生物除草剂的候选菌株。

关键词: 极细链格孢菌, 阔叶杂草, 致病性, 作物安全性

Abstract: Strain HZ-1 was identified through morphology observation and sequence analysis. The herbicidal activity of HZ-1 against 5 broadleaf weeds was evaluated by the pathogenicity of fermentation broth, and its safety to major crops in Qinghai was tested by pot bioassay. It was shown that strain HZ-1 was identified as Alternaria tenuissima. The fermentation broth of strain HZ-1 exhibited varied pathogenicity to Galium aparine, Cephalanoplos setosum (Willd.) Kitam, Chenopodium album, Malva crispa, Polygonum lapathifolium, and within these 4 species, the pathogenicity to Galium aparine and Chenopodium album was more severe. Strain HZ-1 was safe to major crops except spring rape. In general, strain HZ-1 was candidate of microbial herbicide against broadleaf weeds such as Galium aparine and Chenopodium album.

Key words: Alternaria tenuissima, broadleaf weeds, pathogenicity, crop safety