浙江农业学报

• 环境科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

有机肥施用对蔬菜—土壤体系中重金属迁移累积的影响

  

  1. (1.浙江省种植业管理局,浙江 杭州 310020; 2.浙江省农业科学院 环境资源与土壤肥料研究所,浙江 杭州 310021; 3.宁波市种植业管理总站,浙江 宁波 315012; 4.鄞州区农林局,浙江 宁波 315100)
  • 出版日期:2016-06-25 发布日期:2016-06-12

Influence of organic fertilizer application on accumulation and transfer of heavy metals in vegetablesoil system

  1. (1. Plant Management Bureau of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310020, China; 2. Institute of Environment, Resources, Soil and Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;3. Plant Management Bureau of Ningbo, Ningbo 315012, China; 4. Agriculture and Forestry Bureau of Yinzhou District, Ningbo 315100, China)
  • Online:2016-06-25 Published:2016-06-12

摘要: 为探讨化肥(CK)和不同用量鸡粪有机肥(T1,3.75 t·hm-2;T2,7.50 t·hm-2;T3,15.00 t·hm-2)处理后,有机肥中主要重金属铜(Cu),锌(Zn),铅(Pb),铬(Cr) ,砷(As),汞(Hg),镉(Cd)等在蔬菜可食部分的累积及在土壤剖面的迁移行为,特开展西兰花—刀豆连作下的有机肥定位试验。结果表明,与CK相比,有机肥处理未显著影响第1茬西兰花中Pb,Cr,As,Hg,Cd含量,但T3处理导致第2茬刀豆中As和Pb显著增加。有机肥长期施用所带来的Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr,As累积主要集中在0—20 cm土层,第2茬刀豆收获时,土壤中重金属含量普遍高于第1茬西兰花收获时,其中,以Cu的积累量最大,Zn和Pb次之,Cr和As最小。有机肥处理主要影响0—20 cm土层Cu,Zn,Pb含量,但也可在一定程度上增加20—40 cm土层中Zn和40—60 cm土层中Cu含量;As和Cr没有明显的表层富集效应,有机肥施用仅提高0—20 cm土层中As含量,但可同时增加0—20 cm和40—60 cm土层中Cr含量。综上,高用量有机肥的连续施用增加了菜田土壤环境重金属污染风险。

关键词: 有机肥, 土壤, 重金属, 蔬菜连作

Abstract: In order to assess the accumulation of major heavy metals in edible parts of vegetable and their transfer in soils at different depths, the present study was carried out in a broccolisword bean continue cropping system by application of chemical fertilizer (CK) and different amounts of chicken manure based organic fertilizer (T1, 3.75 t·hm-2; T2, 7.50 t·hm-2; T3, 15.00 t·hm-2). It was shown that the application of organic fertilizer had no significant effect on the content of Pb, Cr, As, Hg, Cd in the edible parts of broccoli. However, the content of As and Pb in sword bean was significantly increased under T3 treatment. After longterm application of organic fertilizers, the accumulated Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr and As were mainly distributed in the 0-20 cm soil layer. On the whole, the soil samples collected at the harvest time of sword exhibited a higher content of heavy metals than those collected at the harvest time of broccoli. Cu showed the highest content in the samples, and was followed by Zn, Pb and then Cr and As. Organic fertilizer application mainly affected the content of Cu, Zn and Pb in topsoil (0-20 cm), but also resulted in an increase of Zn in 20-40 cm soil layer as well as an increase of Cu in 40-60 cm soil layer. There was no obvious increase of As and Cr content in topsoil (0-20 cm). Organic fertilizer application not only increased As content in topsoil (0-20 cm), but also increased Cr content both in 0-20 cm and 40-60 cm soil layers. Overall, continuous application of organic fertilizer at a high level elevated the risk of heavy metal pollution in vegetable lands.

Key words: organic fertilizer, soil, heavy metal, vegetable continuous cropping