裙带菜不同部位重金属含量特征分析及健康风险评估

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240780

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (8): 1794-1804.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240780

裙带菜不同部位重金属含量特征分析及健康风险评估

陈星星¹^,²(), 虞雯煊³, 徐健炜¹^,², 张鹏¹^,²^,^*()

1.浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所,浙江温州 325000
2.全省近岸生物种质资源保护与利用重点实验室,浙江温州 325000
3.福建农林大学海洋学院,福建福州 350002

收稿日期:2024-09-03 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-03
作者简介:陈星星(1988—),男,浙江三门人,硕士,工程师,研究方向为水产品质检与营养分析。E-mail:363316091@qq.com
通讯作者: *张鹏,E-mail:zhangpeng20011918@163.com
基金资助:
浙江省科技厅项目(LGN19C030001);温州市基础性公益科研项目(S2023042)

Characterization of heavy metal contents in different parts of Undaria pinnatifida and assessment of health hazard

CHEN Xingxing¹^,²(), YU Wenxuan³, XU Jianwei¹^,², ZHANG Peng¹^,²^,^*()

1. Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
2. Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Coastal Biological Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
3. College of Marine Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China

Received:2024-09-03 Online:2025-08-25 Published:2025-09-03
Contact: ZHANG Peng

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示重金属在裙带菜不同部位的富集与分布特征,采用电感耦合等离子质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer, ICP-MS),对不同生长时期裙带菜(Undaria pinnatifida)的根、茎、叶、孢子叶部位中重金属Cr、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Hg、Pb和Ni的含量进行分析。结果显示,随着生育进程的推进,裙带菜中重金属平均含量由高到低依次为As>Zn>Cu>Cd>Ni>Cr>Pb>Hg。Cu、Zn、As、Cd和Hg含量在叶和根中(叶中Hg除外)呈先升后降的趋势,而Cr、Pb、Ni含量整体呈持续升高趋势(根中Pb除外)。叶和根中重金属含量普遍高于茎和孢子叶。As含量在生长初期(3月)和成熟期(4月)较高,Cr、Pb、Ni含量则在衰老期(6月)较高。健康风险评估结果显示,各元素的目标危害系数(THQ)及其总和(TTHQ)均低于1.00,表明食用裙带菜对人体健康暂无显著风险。但孢子叶的重金属复合风险相对较高,消费者应在选购和食用时予以关注。

关键词: 裙带菜, 不同部位, 重金属, 健康风险评估

Abstract:

In order to reveal the enrichment and distribution characteristics of heavy metal in different parts of Undaria pinnatifida, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was employed to analyze the contents of heavy metals such as Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, Pb, and Ni in the roots, stems, leaves, and sporophylls of U. pinnatifida during different growth periods. The results showed that,with the advancement of the reproductive process,the average contents of heavy metals in the U. pinnatifida followed the order of As>Zn>Cu>Cd>Ni>Cr>Pb>Hg. The contents of Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Hg showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing in both leaves and roots (except for Hg in leaves), while the contents of Cr, Pb, and Ni showed a continuous increase over time (except for Pb in roots). The contents of heavy metals in leaves and roots were generally higher than those in stems and sporophylls. The content of As was higher in the early growth period (March) and mature period (April), while the contents of Cr, Pb, and Ni were higher in the aging period (June). Health risk assessment indicated that the target hazard quotient (THQ) and total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) values for all elements were below 1.00, suggesting no significant health risk from consuming U. pinnatifida. However, the compound risk of heavy metal in sporophylls is relatively high, and consumers should pay attention to it when purchasing and consuming.

Key words: Undaria pinnatifida, different parts, heavy metal, health risk assessment

中图分类号:

S968.4

陈星星, 虞雯煊, 徐健炜, 张鹏. 裙带菜不同部位重金属含量特征分析及健康风险评估[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(8): 1794-1804.

CHEN Xingxing, YU Wenxuan, XU Jianwei, ZHANG Peng. Characterization of heavy metal contents in different parts of Undaria pinnatifida and assessment of health hazard[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(8): 1794-1804.

图/表 9

参考文献 29

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生长时期 Growth period	重金属含量Contents of heavy metals
生长时期 Growth period	Cr	Cu	Zn	As	Cd	Hg	Pb	Ni
生长初期(3月)Early growth period (March)	0.74	2.80	23.41	63.79	1.30	0.010 0	0.94	0.75
成熟期(4月)Mature period (April)	1.04	5.04	26.62	82.20	2.32	0.009 4	0.68	1.42
衰老期(6月)Aging period (June)	2.91	5.22	18.26	22.81	1.57	0.003 3	1.72	2.97
均值Average	1.57	4.35	22.76	56.27	1.73	0.007 5	1.12	1.71

生长时期 Growth period	重金属含量Contents of heavy metals
生长时期 Growth period	Cr	Cu	Zn	As	Cd	Hg	Pb	Ni
生长初期(3月)Early growth period (March)	0.74	2.80	23.41	63.79	1.30	0.010 0	0.94	0.75
成熟期(4月)Mature period (April)	1.04	5.04	26.62	82.20	2.32	0.009 4	0.68	1.42
衰老期(6月)Aging period (June)	2.91	5.22	18.26	22.81	1.57	0.003 3	1.72	2.97
均值Average	1.57	4.35	22.76	56.27	1.73	0.007 5	1.12	1.71

生长时期 Growth period	类别 Category	重金属含量Contents of heavy metals
生长时期 Growth period	类别 Category	Cr		Cu		Zn		As		Cd		Hg		Pb		Ni
3月March	范围Range		1.26~1.49		1.24~1.36		0.24~0.36		1.19~1.39		0.02~0.03		0.007		0.02~0.03		0.55~0.56
	均值Mean value		1.34		1.28		0.28		1.28		0.02		0.007		0.03		0.55
4月April	范围Range		1.15~1.32		1.15~1.30		0.21~0.36		1.04~1.20		0.03~0.04		0.007		0.02~0.03		0.40~0.60
	均值Mean value		1.25		1.22		0.28		1.10		0.03		0.007		0.02		0.49
6月June	范围Range		1.41~1.66		1.57~1.62		0.29~0.40		1.68~2.13		0.04~0.06		0.007		0.03~0.05		0.68~0.76
	均值Mean value		1.53		1.60		0.35		1.97		0.05		0.007		0.04		0.72
海水标准	一类Class 1		≤50.00		≤5.00		≤20.00		≤20.00		≤1.00		≤0.05		≤1.00		≤5.00
Standard of	二类Class 2		≤100.00		≤10.00		≤50.00		≤30.00		≤5.00		≤0.20		≤5.00		≤10.00
sea water

生长时期 Growth period	类别 Category	重金属含量Contents of heavy metals
生长时期 Growth period	类别 Category	Cr		Cu		Zn		As		Cd		Hg		Pb		Ni
3月March	范围Range		1.26~1.49		1.24~1.36		0.24~0.36		1.19~1.39		0.02~0.03		0.007		0.02~0.03		0.55~0.56
	均值Mean value		1.34		1.28		0.28		1.28		0.02		0.007		0.03		0.55
4月April	范围Range		1.15~1.32		1.15~1.30		0.21~0.36		1.04~1.20		0.03~0.04		0.007		0.02~0.03		0.40~0.60
	均值Mean value		1.25		1.22		0.28		1.10		0.03		0.007		0.02		0.49
6月June	范围Range		1.41~1.66		1.57~1.62		0.29~0.40		1.68~2.13		0.04~0.06		0.007		0.03~0.05		0.68~0.76
	均值Mean value		1.53		1.60		0.35		1.97		0.05		0.007		0.04		0.72
海水标准	一类Class 1		≤50.00		≤5.00		≤20.00		≤20.00		≤1.00		≤0.05		≤1.00		≤5.00
Standard of	二类Class 2		≤100.00		≤10.00		≤50.00		≤30.00		≤5.00		≤0.20		≤5.00		≤10.00
sea water

生长时期 Growth period	富集系数Bioconcentration factor
生长时期 Growth period	Cr	Cu	Zn	As	Cd	Hg	Pb	Ni
3月March	555	2 193	82 923	49 937	57 234	1 401	36 838	1 360
4月April	837	4 149	96 660	74 844	67 258	1 344	32 789	2 902
6月June	1 900	3 255	52 634	11 584	30 762	474	48 889	4 098
均值Mean value	1 097	3 199	77 406	45 455	51 751	1 073	39 506	2 786

裙带菜不同部位重金属含量特征分析及健康风险评估

Characterization of heavy metal contents in different parts of Undaria pinnatifida and assessment of health hazard

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参考文献 29

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生长时期-部位 Growth period-parts	PC1	PC2	PC3	综合得分 Comprehensive scores
3月-叶March-leaf	-1.340	1.865	0.593	-0.654
4月-叶April-leaf	-0.840	2.551	0.203	-0.210
6月-叶June-leaf	1.904	1.299	0.232	1.649
3月-茎March-stem	-0.558	0.344	-0.093	-0.372
4月-茎April-stem	-0.380	0.517	-0.016	-0.205
6月-茎June-stem	1.065	0.801	0.190	0.940
3月-根March-root	0.590	1.259	0.095	0.648
4月-根April-root	0.339	2.476	-0.015	0.640
6月-根June-root	2.380	1.824	0.959	2.085
4月-孢子叶April-sporophyll	-0.666	1.996	-0.594	-0.243
6月-孢子叶June-sporophyll	2.023	1.755	-0.696	1.768
贡献率Contribution rate/%	48.867	28.606	11.357
累计贡献率Cumulative contribution rate/%	48.867	77.473	88.830

生长时期 Growth period	单一重金属目标危害系数 Target hazard quotient(THQ)								总目标危害系数 Total target hazard quotient(TTHQ)
生长时期 Growth period	Cr	Cu	Zn	As	Cd	Hg	Pb	Ni	总目标危害系数 Total target hazard quotient(TTHQ)
3月March	0.003 3	0.001 0	0.001 1	0.290 0	0.018 0	0.001 3	0.003 2	0.000 5	0.320 0
4月April	0.004 7	0.001 7	0.001 2	0.370 0	0.031 0	0.001 3	0.002 3	0.0009	0.410 0
6月June	0.013 0	0.001 8	0.001 0	0.100 0	0.021 0	0.000 5	0.005 8	0.002 0	0.150 0
均值Mean value	0.007 1	0.001 5	0.001 0	0.250 0	0.023 0	0.001 0	0.003 8	0.001 2	0.290 0

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