有机肥配施菌肥对欧李果实品质和土壤性质的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240328

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 820-830.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240328

有机肥配施菌肥对欧李果实品质和土壤性质的影响

王丽(), 陈立明, 王鹏飞, 张彬, 穆霄鹏^*()

山西农业大学园艺学院,山西晋中 030801

收稿日期:2024-04-09 出版日期:2025-04-25 发布日期:2025-05-09
作者简介:王丽(1999—),女,山西长治人,硕士,主要从事园艺植物种质创新与利用研究。E-mail:13513553741@163.com
通讯作者: *穆霄鹏,E-mail:15110671026@163.com
基金资助:
山西农业大学科技创新基金(2018YJ06)

Effects of organic fertilizer combined with bacterial fertilizer on fruit quality and soil properties of Cerasus humilis

WANG Li(), CHEN Liming, WANG Pengfei, ZHANG Bin, MU Xiaopeng^*()

College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, Shanxi, China

Received:2024-04-09 Online:2025-04-25 Published:2025-05-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 选取欧李品种晋欧1号为试验材料,设置不同用量有机肥单施及与菌肥配施的对比试验,在欧李成熟期测定果实品质、土壤酶活性、土壤理化性质等指标。结果显示,每株施用有机肥1 000 g+菌肥100 g处理(J6)的果实横径、纵径、单果重均显著(P<0.05)高于不施肥的对照(J0)、单施等量有机肥(J2)或等量菌肥(J4)的处理。与J0、J2、J4处理相比,J6处理果实的可滴定酸含量显著降低,但果实的可溶性固形物含量、固酸比、果实硬度、类黄酮含量显著更高,土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性,及土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量均显著更高,说明有机肥配施菌肥的处理在提升果实品质、维持土壤肥力方面的效果要优于单施一种肥的处理。此外,各施肥处理的土壤pH值均显著低于J0处理。经过隶属函数法综合分析,J6处理的隶属函数值最高,是该试验条件下的最优处理,提高果实品质和土壤肥力的效果最优。

关键词: 有机肥, 菌肥, 欧李, 果实品质, 土壤性质

Abstract:

In the present study, Cerasus humilis cv. Jin’ou No. 1 was selected as the experimental material. Different rates of organic fertilizer were applied alone or in combination with bacterial fertilizer. Fruit quality, soil enzymes activity, and soil physicochemical properties were measured at the maturity stage of C. humilis. It was shown that, the transverse diameter, vertical diameter and single fruit weight under the J6 treatment with application of 1 000 g organic fertilizer and 100 g bacterial fertilizer per tree were significantly (P<0.05) larger than those under the control (J0) treatment without application of any fertilizer and the treatment with application of equivalent rate of organic fertilizer (J2) or bacterial fertilizer (J4) alone. Compared with the treatments of J0, J2 and J4, the titratable acidity of fruit under J6 treatment was significantly lower, yet the total soluble solid content, ratio of total soluble solid to titratable acidity, fruit firmness, flavonoids content in fruit were significantly higher, the activity of soil sucrase, urease and catalase was significantly stronger, and the contents of soil organic matter, alkaline hydrolysable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium were significantly higher. These results indicated that the effect of combination of organic fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer was better on improving fruit quality and soil fertility than that of organic fertilizer or bacterial fertilizer applied alone. The soil pH under the treatments with application of fertilizer was significantly higher than that under the J0 treatment. Through comprehensive analysis based on the membership function method, it was revealed that the J6 treatment exhibited the highest score, which was the best treatment under the experiment condition with good potential in improving both fruit quality and soil fertility.

Key words: organic fertilizer, bacterial fertilizer, Cerasus humilis, fruit quality, soil property

中图分类号:

S662.306.2

王丽, 陈立明, 王鹏飞, 张彬, 穆霄鹏. 有机肥配施菌肥对欧李果实品质和土壤性质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(4): 820-830.

WANG Li, CHEN Liming, WANG Pengfei, ZHANG Bin, MU Xiaopeng. Effects of organic fertilizer combined with bacterial fertilizer on fruit quality and soil properties of Cerasus humilis[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(4): 820-830.

图/表 6

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处理 Treatment	横径 Transverse diameter/mm	纵径 Vertical diameter/mm	果型指数 Fruit shape index	单果重 Single fruit weight/g
J0	17.33±0.40 e	15.00±0.69 e	0.87±0.02 a	3.03±0.09 e
J1	21.10±0.30 d	17.50±0.92 cd	0.83±0.06 ab	4.09±0.09 d
J2	22.47±0.21 c	18.60±0.46 bc	0.83±0.02 ab	4.91±0.17 c
J3	23.23±0.31 b	17.96±0.15 cd	0.77±0.01 c	5.38±0.16 b
J4	21.40±0.10 d	17.10±0.17 d	0.80±0.01 bc	4.68±0.16 c
J5	23.13±0.35 b	18.57±0.86 bc	0.81±0.04 bc	5.49±0.22 b
J6	24.27±0.25 a	20.53±0.25 a	0.84±0.01 ab	6.30±0.13 a
J7	23.60±0.17 b	19.27±0.35 b	0.82±0.01 abc	5.36±0.08 b

处理 Treatment	横径 Transverse diameter/mm	纵径 Vertical diameter/mm	果型指数 Fruit shape index	单果重 Single fruit weight/g
J0	17.33±0.40 e	15.00±0.69 e	0.87±0.02 a	3.03±0.09 e
J1	21.10±0.30 d	17.50±0.92 cd	0.83±0.06 ab	4.09±0.09 d
J2	22.47±0.21 c	18.60±0.46 bc	0.83±0.02 ab	4.91±0.17 c
J3	23.23±0.31 b	17.96±0.15 cd	0.77±0.01 c	5.38±0.16 b
J4	21.40±0.10 d	17.10±0.17 d	0.80±0.01 bc	4.68±0.16 c
J5	23.13±0.35 b	18.57±0.86 bc	0.81±0.04 bc	5.49±0.22 b
J6	24.27±0.25 a	20.53±0.25 a	0.84±0.01 ab	6.30±0.13 a
J7	23.60±0.17 b	19.27±0.35 b	0.82±0.01 abc	5.36±0.08 b

处理 Treatment	TSS/%	TA/%	RTT	FF/N	Fla/(mg·kg^-1)
J0	11.53±0.25 g	1.65±0.02 a	7.01±0.16 g	15.40±0.23 e	5.87±0.14 e
J1	12.90±0.46 f	1.46±0.04 b	8.85±0.37 f	17.35±0.29 cd	6.64±0.19 c
J2	13.93±0.12 e	1.13±0.04 d	12.34±0.53 e	18.17±0.18 c	6.88±0.11 c
J3	15.70±0.36 c	0.91±0.01 f	17.28±0.58 c	19.39±1.03 b	8.15±0.05 a
J4	13.73±0.25 e	1.23±0.03 c	11.14±0.04 e	16.65±0.47 d	5.96±0.03 e
J5	16.83±0.29 b	0.84±0.02 g	20.06±0.84 b	17.85±0.12 c	7.58±0.04 b
J6	17.73±0.25 a	0.82±0.02 g	21.62±1.35 a	22.06±0.48 a	8.33±0.23 a
J7	15.06±0.12 d	0.99±0.02 e	15.09±0.40 d	19.72±0.49 b	6.23±0.17 d

处理 Treatment	TSS/%	TA/%	RTT	FF/N	Fla/(mg·kg^-1)
J0	11.53±0.25 g	1.65±0.02 a	7.01±0.16 g	15.40±0.23 e	5.87±0.14 e
J1	12.90±0.46 f	1.46±0.04 b	8.85±0.37 f	17.35±0.29 cd	6.64±0.19 c
J2	13.93±0.12 e	1.13±0.04 d	12.34±0.53 e	18.17±0.18 c	6.88±0.11 c
J3	15.70±0.36 c	0.91±0.01 f	17.28±0.58 c	19.39±1.03 b	8.15±0.05 a
J4	13.73±0.25 e	1.23±0.03 c	11.14±0.04 e	16.65±0.47 d	5.96±0.03 e
J5	16.83±0.29 b	0.84±0.02 g	20.06±0.84 b	17.85±0.12 c	7.58±0.04 b
J6	17.73±0.25 a	0.82±0.02 g	21.62±1.35 a	22.06±0.48 a	8.33±0.23 a
J7	15.06±0.12 d	0.99±0.02 e	15.09±0.40 d	19.72±0.49 b	6.23±0.17 d

处理 Treatment	各指标的隶属函数值Membership function of indexes
处理 Treatment	TD	VD	SFW	TSS	TA	RTT	FF	Fla	SA
J0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
J1	0.543 2	0.452 0	0.324 1	0.220 9	0.228 9	0.125 9	0.292 8	0.313 1	0.403 5
J2	0.740 6	0.650 9	0.574 9	0.387 0	0.626 5	0.364 8	0.415 9	0.411 4	0.478 7
J3	0.850 1	0.535 2	0.718 6	0.672 5	0.891 5	0.702 9	0.599 0	0.930 5	0.752 6
J4	0.586 4	0.379 7	0.504 5	0.354 8	0.506 0	0.282 6	0.187 7	0.037 5	0.581 2
J5	0.835 7	0.645 5	0.752 2	0.854 8	0.975 9	0.893 2	0.367 8	0.698 8	0.609 2
J6	1.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0
J7	0.903 4	0.772 1	0.712 5	0.569 3	0.795 1	0.553 0	0.648 6	0.147 3	0.196 1
处理 Treatment	各指标的隶属函数值Membership function of indexes							平均值 Mean		排序 Rank
处理 Treatment	UA	PA	CA	OM	AHN	AP	AK	平均值 Mean		排序 Rank
J0	0	0	0	0	0	0.005 2	0	0.000 3		8
J1	0.454 5	0.505 6	0.699 0	0.280 4	0.265 0	0.362 7	0.294 5	0.360 4		7
J2	0.727 2	0.977 5	0.733 0	0.355 2	0.383 9	0.660 0	0.688 4	0.573 5		5
J3	1.000 0	0.955 0	0.898 0	0.540 1	0.553 5	0.740 9	0.935 9	0.767 3		2
J4	0.727 2	0.471 9	0.563 1	0.267 8	0.440 5	0	0.365 9	0.391 0		6
J5	0.818 1	0.696 6	0.718 4	0.357 2	0.851 2	0.556 5	0.363 7	0.687 2		3
J6	1.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0	1.000 0		1
J7	0.863 6	0.786 5	0.679 6	0.680 1	0.765 0	0.612 8	0.943 7	0.664 3		4

有机肥配施菌肥对欧李果实品质和土壤性质的影响

Effects of organic fertilizer combined with bacterial fertilizer on fruit quality and soil properties of Cerasus humilis

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