中华绒螯蟹“水瘪子”病超微病理和病理生理研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2018.07.06

浙江农业学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (7): 1137-1148.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2018.07.06

中华绒螯蟹“水瘪子”病超微病理和病理生理研究

杨宗英^{1, 2}, 曾柳根^{1, *}, 王玉兰¹, 姚毅¹, 侯玉洁¹, 雷小青¹, 许亮清¹, 熊春贤¹, 杨先乐²

1.南昌市农业科学院,江西南昌 330038;
2.上海海洋大学国家水生动物病原库,上海 201306

收稿日期:2017-12-27 出版日期:2018-07-20 发布日期:2018-08-02
通讯作者: 曾柳根,E-mail: bingjianla2008@163.com
作者简介:杨宗英(1988—),女,河南驻马店人,博士研究生,助理工程师,主要研究方向为水产生物免疫学与病害控制。E-mail: lxyangzongying@163.com
基金资助:
江西省特种水产产业体系(JXARS-10)

Ultramicroscopical histopathology and pathophysiology of “Shuibiezi” disease of Eriocheir sinensis

YANG Zongying^{1, 2}, ZENG Liugen^{1, *}, WANG Yulan¹, YAO Yi¹, HOU Yujie¹, LEI Xiaoqing¹, XU Liangqing¹, XIONG Chunxian¹, YANG Xianle²

1. Nanchang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330038, China;
2. State Collection Center of Aquatic Pathogen, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

Received:2017-12-27 Online:2018-07-20 Published:2018-08-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用透射电镜技术和生化分析等方法,对患“水瘪子”病病蟹的超微病理和病理生理进行研究。超微结构观察表明,病蟹肝胰腺、鳃、肌肉等组织细胞发生了不同程度的病变,主要表现为肝细胞变性、坏死,脂滴锐减,微绒毛肿胀、断裂,细胞内线粒体肿胀,内嵴紊乱、减少甚至消失形成空泡,内质网扩张或断裂为片层状结构;鳃上皮细胞角质膜变薄,细胞核异染色质化,角质层面伸出的指状突起破裂消失,上皮细胞顶膜形成的微绒毛杂乱、断裂甚至消失,角质膜下空腔增大,线粒体畸变,数量减少,内嵴减少,形成空泡,溶酶体数量增多,并与空泡和空泡化的线粒体形成自噬体,严重病变的鳃上皮细胞中出现细菌颗粒,未见包涵体等病毒样颗粒;肌肉的病变主要是肌纤维松弛、断裂,肌质网溶解消失或者形成小泡,线粒体数量减少、体积变小,细胞核固缩且边缘化。病理生理分析结果显示,病蟹血淋巴中血糖含量和谷草转氨酶活力显著高于健康蟹,碱性磷酸酶和谷丙转氨酶活力极显著高于健康蟹,甘油三酯的含量极显著低于健康蟹;病蟹肝胰腺中肝糖原含量极显著低于健康蟹,碱性磷酸酶和酸性磷酸酶活力显著低于健康蟹。

关键词: 中华绒螯蟹, “, 水瘪子”, 病, 超微病理, 病理生理

Abstract: Ultramicroscopical histopathological observations and pathophysiological analysis of Eriocheir sinensis with “Shuibiezi” disease were conducted by the transmission electron microscope technique and biochemical analysis. Ultramicroscopical histopathological results showed that pathological changes in different degrees were observed in gills, muscles and hepatopancreas of diseased crabs. The main pathological characteristics were degenerative and necrotic hepatic cells, decreased number of lipid droplets, and swelled or fractured microvillus. The swelled mitochondria showed abnormal appearance, such as swell, disorganization and reduction or vanish of the crista. The endoplasmic reticula were dilated or fragmented into lamellar structure. As for gills, the chitin layer became thinner, the cell nucleus of epithelial cells of gill was heterochromatinized, the finger shaped protuberance extended from the chitin layer was collapsed and disappeared, microvilli arranged disorderly and fractured or vanished, the sub-cuticular space was expended, the number of mitochondria was decreased and mitochondria was swelled or vacuolar with the decrease of crista, the number of lysosome was increased and lysosome formed autophagosomes with vacuoles and vacuolar mitochondria. Bacteria particles appeared in the severely changed gill epithelium, but no inclusions and other virions. The main pathological changes in muscle cells were relaxed and cracked muscular fibers, melted sarcoplasmic reticulum or formed many small bubbles, the number and volume of mitochondria decreased, and the nuclear was pyknosis and marginalized. Pathophysiological analysis results showed that glucose content and GOT activity in hemolymph of diseased crabs were higher than that of healthy crabs, ALP and GPT activities were significantly higher than those of healthy crabs, whereas triglyceride content was significantly lower than that of healthy crabs. As for hepatopancreas, the liver glycogen content of diseased crabs was significantly lower than that of healthy crabs, and ALP and ACP activities were lower than those of healthy crabs.

Key words: Eriocheir Sinensis, “shuibiezi”, disease;, ultramicroscopical histopathology, pathophysiology

中图分类号:

S945

杨宗英, 曾柳根, 王玉兰, 姚毅, 侯玉洁, 雷小青, 许亮清, 熊春贤, 杨先乐. 中华绒螯蟹“水瘪子”病超微病理和病理生理研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2018, 30(7): 1137-1148.

YANG Zongying, ZENG Liugen, WANG Yulan, YAO Yi, HOU Yujie, LEI Xiaoqing, XU Liangqing, XIONG Chunxian, YANG Xianle. Ultramicroscopical histopathology and pathophysiology of “Shuibiezi” disease of Eriocheir sinensis[J]. , 2018, 30(7): 1137-1148.

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中华绒螯蟹“水瘪子”病超微病理和病理生理研究

Ultramicroscopical histopathology and pathophysiology of “Shuibiezi” disease of Eriocheir sinensis

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