基于离散元法的玉米秸秆双层柔性模型参数标定与试验

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250269

浙江农业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (7): 1471-1480.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250269

基于离散元法的玉米秸秆双层柔性模型参数标定与试验

史荣旭(), 宋学锋^*(), 张锋伟, 戴飞

甘肃农业大学机电工程学院, 甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2025-04-01 出版日期:2026-07-25 发布日期:2026-08-20
作者简介:史荣旭,研究方向为农业机械装备。E-mail:shirongxu928@163.com
通讯作者: *宋学锋,E-mail: songxf@gsau.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32260432)

Parameter calibration and experiment of maize straw double-layer flexible model based on discrete element method

SHI Rongxu(), SONG Xuefeng^*(), ZHANG Fengwei, DAI Fei

Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received:2025-04-01 Published:2026-07-25 Online:2026-08-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了提高玉米秸秆加工环节中离散元仿真研究所用参数的准确度,本研究以甘肃地区种植的大京九26玉米秸秆为研究对象,采用物理试验和仿真分析相结合的方法,进行玉米秸秆双层柔性模型的参数标定研究。首先,应用Plackett-Burman试验对玉米秸秆双层柔性模型的初始参数进行筛选,方差分析结果表明,玉米秸秆内穰弹性比、表皮弹性比和表皮塑性比对玉米秸秆轴向压缩破裂临界载荷有显著(p<0.05)影响。其次,以破裂临界载荷为评价指标,采用最陡爬坡和Box-Behnken试验建立了破裂临界载荷与上述3项参数的二次多项式回归模型,以物理试验得到的实际破裂临界载荷2 235.76 N为目标值,对各参数进行寻优,得到最优参数组合为内穰弹性比0.859、表皮弹性比0.848和表皮塑性比0.869。最后,在该参数组合下构建玉米秸秆双层柔性模型,进行玉米秸秆轴向压缩、径向压缩和剪切试验对比,结果表明,轴向压缩仿真试验与物理试验的破裂临界载荷相对误差为0.55%,径向压缩仿真试验与物理试验的破裂临界载荷相对误差为6.87%,剪切仿真试验与物理试验的临界剪切力相对误差为8.50%,且秸秆受力变化趋势基本一致,说明最优参数组合具有可行性与准确性。本研究标定的玉米秸秆双层柔性模型可为秸秆加工装备的设计优化提供参考。

关键词: 玉米秸秆, 离散元法, 双层柔性模型, 参数标定, 试验验证

Abstract:

To improve the accuracy of the parameters used in the discrete element simulation study of maize straw processing, this study took the straw of maize variety Dajingjiu 26 planted in Gansu Province as the research object, and used a combination of physical experiments and simulation analysis to calibrate the model parameters of the maize straw double-layer flexible model. First, the Plackett-Burman experiment was applied to screen the initial parameters of the double-layer flexible model of maize straw. The variance analysis results showed that the pith elastic ratio, rind elastic ratio, and rind plastic ratio of maize straw had a significant (p<0.05) impact on the axial compression critical fracture load of maize straw. Secondly, using the critical fracture load as the evaluation index, a quadratic polynomial regression model was established with the steepest ascent and Box-Behnken test to determine the critical fracture load and the above three parameters. Taking the actual critical fracture load of 2 235.76 N obtained from physical experiments as the target value, parameter optimization was performed, yielding an optimal parameter combination of 0.859 for pith elastic ratio, 0.848 for rind elastic ratio, and 0.869 for rind plastic ratio. Finally, a double-layer flexible model of maize straw was constructed under this parameter combination, and axial compression, radial compression, and shear tests of maize straw were compared. The research results showed that the relative error of the critical fracture load between the simulation and physical test of axial compression was 0.55%, the relative error of the critical fracture load between the simulation and physical test of radial compression was 6.87%, and the relative error of the critical shear force between the simulation and physical test of shear was 8.50%. The trend of straw stress variation was basically consistent, indicating that the optimal parameter combination is feasible and accurate. The calibrated double-layer flexible model provides theoretical references for the design optimization of maize straw processing equipment.

Key words: maize straw, discrete element method, double-layer flexible model, parameter calibration, experimental validation

中图分类号:

史荣旭, 宋学锋, 张锋伟, 戴飞. 基于离散元法的玉米秸秆双层柔性模型参数标定与试验[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(7): 1471-1480.

SHI Rongxu, SONG Xuefeng, ZHANG Fengwei, DAI Fei. Parameter calibration and experiment of maize straw double-layer flexible model based on discrete element method[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(7): 1471-1480.

图/表 9

图1 玉米秸秆轴向压缩试验结果

Fig.1 Axial compression test results of maize straw

图2 纤维状柔性颗粒(左)与壳状柔性颗粒(右)示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of fibrous flexible particles (left) and shell-shaped flexible particles (right)

图3 纤维状柔性颗粒(左)与壳状柔性颗粒(右)的内力图 Fn为关节的法向力;Ft为关节的切向力;MT为关节的扭矩;MB1和MB2为关节的弯曲力矩。

Fig.3 Schematic of the internal force on fibrous flexible particles (left) and shell-shaped flexible particles (right) Fn is the normal force for joints; Ft is the tangential force for joints; MT is the torque for joint; MB1 and MB2 are the bending moments for the joint.

图4 玉米秸秆轴向压缩仿真模型

Fig.4 Simulation model of maize straw for axial compression

表1 Plackett-Burman试验设计与结果

Table 1 Design and result of Plackett-Burman test

序号 No.	各因素的设定水平Setting level for different factors							破裂临界载荷/N Critical fracture load/N
序号 No.	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	破裂临界载荷/N Critical fracture load/N
1	-1	-1	-1	1	-1	1	1	2 030.14
2	1	-1	1	1	-1	1	1	2 164.87
3	-1	-1	1	-1	1	1	-1	2 088.23
4	1	-1	1	1	1	-1	-1	2 418.19
5	-1	1	1	1	-1	-1	-1	2 051.58
6	-1	1	1	-1	1	1	1	1 943.17
7	-1	-1	-1	-1	-1	-1	-1	1 902.05
8	1	-1	-1	-1	1	-1	1	2 173.64
9	1	1	-1	-1	-1	1	-1	1 852.11
10	-1	1	-1	1	1	-1	1	2 340.54
11	1	1	1	-1	-1	-1	1	1 855.68
12	1	1	-1	1	1	1	-1	2 335.36

表2 最陡爬坡试验设计与结果

Table 2 Design and results of the steepest ascent experiment

序号 No.	各因素的设定值 Setting value of each factor			破裂临界载荷/N Critical fracture load/N	相对误差/% Relative error/%
序号 No.	A	D	E	破裂临界载荷/N Critical fracture load/N	相对误差/% Relative error/%
1	0.70	0.70	0.70	1 627.36	27.21
2	0.75	0.75	0.75	1 810.82	19.01
3	0.80	0.80	0.80	1 934.51	13.47
4	0.85	0.85	0.85	2 209.24	1.37
5	0.90	0.90	0.90	2 351.53	5.18
6	0.95	0.95	0.95	2 446.78	9.44

表3 Box-Behnken试验设计与结果

Table 3 Design and results of Box-Behnken experiment

序号 No.	各因素的设定水平 Setting level of each factor			破裂临界载荷/N Critical fracture load/N
序号 No.	A	D	E	破裂临界载荷/N Critical fracture load/N
1	1	0	-1	2 140.77
2	0	0	0	2 205.37
3	1	1	0	2 300.97
4	0	1	1	2 320.36
5	0	0	0	2 209.85
6	0	-1	-1	1 951.44
7	-1	0	-1	2 109.01
8	-1	1	0	2 211.26
9	0	0	0	2 216.11
10	0	0	0	2 224.95
11	-1	0	1	2 179.65
12	0	-1	1	2 041.99
13	1	-1	0	2 029.04
14	0	0	0	2 242.57
15	0	1	-1	2 232.54
16	1	0	1	2 235.85
17	-1	-1	0	1 988.69

图5 响应曲面图

Fig.5 Response surface plot

图6 物理试验与仿真试验的结果 FSac和FEac分别为轴向压缩试验中仿真与物理试验的破裂临界载荷;FSrc和FErc分别为径向压缩试验中仿真与物理试验的破裂临界载荷;FSs和FEs分别为剪切试验中仿真与物理试验的最大剪切力。

Fig.6 Results of physical and simulation test FSac and FEac represent the critical fracture loads obtained from simulation and physical test in axial compression test, respectively; FSrc and FErc represent the critical fracture loads obtained from simulation and physical test in radial compression test, respectively; FSs and FEs represent the maximum shear forces obtained from simulation and physical test in shear test, respectively.

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基于离散元法的玉米秸秆双层柔性模型参数标定与试验

Parameter calibration and experiment of maize straw double-layer flexible model based on discrete element method

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