Effects of Hermetia illucens larvae instead of soybean meal on growth, development and serum biochemical indexes of Pekin ducks

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230612

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (8): 1764-1772.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230612

• Animal Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of Hermetia illucens larvae instead of soybean meal on growth, development and serum biochemical indexes of Pekin ducks

GAO Guoji¹^,²(), LONG Ling², SONG Xiaoyun³, LI Yantong¹^,², LIU Gaoqiang¹^,², DING Gongtao¹^,^*()

1. China-Malaysia National Joint Laboratory, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
2. Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
3. Lanzhou Industrial Research Institute, Lanzhou 730030, China

Received:2023-05-09 Online:2024-08-25 Published:2024-09-06
Contact: DING Gongtao

Abstract

Abstract:

In the present study, 150 1-d-age Pekin ducks were randomly divided into three groups. In accordance, 0, 10% and 30% dry Hermetia illucens larvae (BSFL) were added to the conventional feed by subtracting the corresponding soybean meal content from the protein energy difference of equal nitrogen and equal energy, which were used to feed the Pekin ducks, and the correspoding groups were marked as CK, T1 and T2, respecitvely, for short. The growth performance, slaughter traits, organs indexes, meat quality traits and serum biochemical indexes of these Pekin ducks were determined after 42 days. It was shown that there was no significant difference in the average daily gain, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio, slaughter rate, half carcass rate, whole carcass rate, pectoral muscle rate, leg muscle rate, abdominal fat rate among three groups. Compared with the CK, the spleen index of T1 and T2 groups was significantly (P<0.05) increased by 0.01 percentage points, and the kidney index of T1 group was significantly increased by 0.08 percentage points, yet there was no significant difference in the heart index, liver index and lung index within three groups. The yellowness (b^*) of Pekin ducks in T1 group was significantly lower thann that of CK, but there was no significant difference in the other meat quality traits within three groups. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities in the serum of Pekin ducks in T1 group was significantly decreased by 22.02%, 21.42%, respectively, yet there was no significant difference in the other serum biochemical indexes within three groups. Compared with the CK, the contents of complement component 3 (C3), complement component 4 (C4), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in the serum of Pekin ducks in the T1 group were all significantly enhanced, and the contents of sIgA, IL-2 and C3 in the serum of Pekin ducks in the T2 group were also signicantly increased. In general, it could work for Peking ducks by addition of 10% or 30% BSFL replacing soybean meal as protein in the feed.

Key words: Hermetia illucens larvae, Pekin duck, protein feed, growth and development, serum biochemical index

CLC Number:

S816

GAO Guoji, LONG Ling, SONG Xiaoyun, LI Yantong, LIU Gaoqiang, DING Gongtao. Effects of Hermetia illucens larvae instead of soybean meal on growth, development and serum biochemical indexes of Pekin ducks[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(8): 1764-1772.

Figures/Tables 9

References 32

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成分 Component	不同处理各成分的含量 Contents of components under treatments
成分 Component	CK	T1	T2
亮斑扁角水虻干幼虫	0	10	30
Dried larvae of black soldier fly
玉米Maize	50	50	50
酒糟 Distillers’ grains	12	10	6
豆粕Soybean meal	27	19	3
麦麸Wheat bran	5	5	5
NaCl	1.37	1.37	1.37
石粉 Limestone powder/%	0.82	0.82	0.82
预混料Premix	3.20	3.20	3.20
CaHPO₄	0.61	0.61	0.61

成分 Component	不同处理各成分的含量 Contents of components under treatments
成分 Component	CK	T1	T2
亮斑扁角水虻干幼虫	0	10	30
Dried larvae of black soldier fly
玉米Maize	50	50	50
酒糟 Distillers’ grains	12	10	6
豆粕Soybean meal	27	19	3
麦麸Wheat bran	5	5	5
NaCl	1.37	1.37	1.37
石粉 Limestone powder/%	0.82	0.82	0.82
预混料Premix	3.20	3.20	3.20
CaHPO₄	0.61	0.61	0.61

处理 Treatment	代谢能 Metabolism energy/ (MJ·kg^-1)	粗蛋白质含量 Crude protein content/%	钙含量 Calcium content/%	有效磷含量 Available phosphorus content/%	蛋氨酸含量 Methionine content/%	赖氨酸含量 Lysine content/%
CK	12.53	17.66	1.55	0.68	0.47	1.15
T1	12.56	17.55	1.55	0.68	0.48	1.16
T2	12.59	17.33	1.55	0.68	0.48	1.18

处理 Treatment	代谢能 Metabolism energy/ (MJ·kg^-1)	粗蛋白质含量 Crude protein content/%	钙含量 Calcium content/%	有效磷含量 Available phosphorus content/%	蛋氨酸含量 Methionine content/%	赖氨酸含量 Lysine content/%
CK	12.53	17.66	1.55	0.68	0.47	1.15
T1	12.56	17.55	1.55	0.68	0.48	1.16
T2	12.59	17.33	1.55	0.68	0.48	1.18

处理Treatment	ADFI/g	ADG/g	FCR/%
CK	616.67	312.56	1.97
T1	621.11	320.11	1.94
T2	632.00	325.89	1.94

Effects of Hermetia illucens larvae instead of soybean meal on growth, development and serum biochemical indexes of Pekin ducks

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Figures/Tables 9

References 32

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处理 Treatment	屠宰率 Slaughter rate	半净膛率 Half carcass rate	全净膛率 whole carcass rate	胸肌率 Pectoral muscle rate	腿肌率 Leg muscle rate	腹脂率 Abdominal fat rate
CK	90.30	91.26	70.96	7.64	12.74	1.54
T1	88.57	85.91	68.88	6.71	11.82	1.70
T2	90.20	90.18	73.04	6.88	10.35	1.73

处理 Treatment	心 Heart	肝 Liver	脾 Spleen	肺 Lung	肾 Kidney
CK	0.43	1.66	0.05 b	0.86	0.56 b
T1	0.47	1.72	0.06 a	0.88	0.64 a
T2	0.48	1.64	0.06 a	0.85	0.58 b

处理 Treatment	熟肉率 Cooking percentage/%	失水率 Water loss rate/%	剪切力 Shear force/N	pH	a^*	L^*	b^*
CK	46.59	32.11	33.17	5.80	14.49	49.99	7.52 a
T1	55.57	29.26	34.26	5.87	14.91	49.62	6.75 b
T2	38.83	32.35	33.97	5.81	14.67	49.27	7.39 a

处理 Treatment	熟肉率 Cooking percentage/%	失水率 Water loss rate/%	剪切力 Shear force/N	pH	a^*	L^*	b^*
CK	54.28	31.18	27.38	6.40	13.47	44.76	8.91
T1	59.43	28.25	27.64	6.40	13.60	44.55	8.88
T2	57.56	29.46	27.02	6.42	13.61	44.81	8.88

处理 Treatment	TP/ (g· L^-1)	ALB/ (g· L^-1)	GLB/ (g· L^-1)	GLU/ (mmol· L^-1)	UREA/ (mmol· L^-1)	TCHO/ (mmol· L^-1)	HDL/ (mmol· L^-1)	LDL/ (mmol· L^-1)	TG/ (mmol· L^-1)	ALT/ (U· L^-1)	AST/ (U· L^-1)	ALP/ (U· L^-1)	ACP/ (U· L^-1)
CK	39.44	17.28	22.18	10.36	3.66	3.44	2.29	0.70	1.98	41.00	23.40	620.40 a	534.00 a
T1	38.64	20.00	18.64	10.88	3.60	3.92	2.73	0.68	2.08	56.20	34.80	483.80 b	419.60 b
T2	33.00	16.34	18.04	10.42	3.64	2.98	1.92	0.71	2.19	46.40	44.80	539.00 a	461.60 a

处理 Treatment	C3/ (μg·mL^-1)	C4/ (μg·mL^-1)	IFN-γ/ (pg·mL^-1)	IL-2/ (pg·mL^-1)	IgA/ (μg·mL^-1)	IgG/ (μg·mL^-1)	IgM/ (μg·mL^-1)	sIgA/ (ng·mL^-1)
CK	459.05 c	137.61 b	35.11 b	198.88 b	119.92 b	2244.61 b	804.22 b	1768.70 c
T1	723.12 a	218.64 a	53.70 a	276.45 a	235.93 a	2477.84 a	1 369.69 a	2365.75 a
T2	584.00 b	172.94 ab	40.29 b	236.20 a	156.94 b	1983.56 b	861.92 b	2139.19 b

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