Effects of auxin on flower stem phenotype and anatomy of Paeonia lactiflora

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240223

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 591-602.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240223

• Horticultural Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of auxin on flower stem phenotype and anatomy of Paeonia lactiflora

REN Anqi(), HUANG Yiran, WAN Yingling, LIU Yan()

Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2024-03-11 Online:2025-03-25 Published:2025-04-02

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aimed to investigate the regulatory impact of exogenous auxins on the stem straightness of Paeonia lactiflora. The research focused on four peony varieties, including the upright cultivars Dafugui and Yangfei Chuyu, as well as the bending cultivars Chuitouhong and Qihua Lushuang. Experiments were conducted using four mass concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at five different stages of growth and development to observe changes in stem morphology, and anatomical structure. The results showed that IAA treatments could decrease flower stem angle and enhance the flower stem straightness, with the exception of Chuitouhong. Additionally, the IAA treatment led to a reduction in flower stem length for Dafugui, Yangfei Chuyu, and Chuitouhong, while significantly increasing the flower stem diameter of Yangfei Chuyu and Qihua Lushuang. Overall, 100 mg·L^-1 and 150 mg·L^-1 were found to be suitable for regulating the flower stem straightness of P. lactiflora, as excessive mass concentrations affected flower development. Anatomical analysis showed that IAA treatment advanced vascular tissue development and promoted lignification in four cultivars, and it increased the number and the width of vascular bundles at the early and middle stages of flower stem development for the three varieties, except Chuitouhong, while decreasing the cortical cell layers, cortex thickness, and pith area proportion of flower stem, with slight variations among different varieties. These suggested that IAA treatment can enhance the early development of vascular tissue in flower stems of P. lactiflora cultivars, promote flower stem maturation, reduce flower stem length or increase flower stem diameter to enhance flower stem straightness. Qihua Lushuang may exhibit more potential for flower stem straightness compared to Chuitouhong. These offer valuable insights for the selection of cut flower cultivars and the enhancement of flower stem traits.

Key words: Paeonia lactiflora, auxin, stem straightness, anatomical structure

CLC Number:

S682.12

REN Anqi, HUANG Yiran, WAN Yingling, LIU Yan. Effects of auxin on flower stem phenotype and anatomy of Paeonia lactiflora[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(3): 591-602.

Figures/Tables 9

References 40

[1]	万映伶, 刘爱青, 张孔英, 等. 菏泽和洛阳芍药品种资源表型多样性研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2018, 40(3): 110-121.
	WAN Y L, LIU A Q, ZHANG K Y, et al. Phenotype diversity of herbaceous peony variety resources in Heze, Shandong of Eastern China and Luoyang, Henan of Central China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2018, 40(3): 110-121. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]	万映伶, 朱梦婷, 刘爱青, 等. 中国观赏芍药表型多样性解析与资源评价[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(18): 3629-3639.
	WAN Y L, ZHU M T, LIU A Q, et al. Phenotypic diversity analysis of Chinese ornamental herbaceous peonies and its germplasm resource evaluation[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(18): 3629-3639. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[3]	LI C Z, TAO J, ZHAO D Q, et al. Effect of calcium sprays on mechanical strength and cell wall fractions of herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) inflorescence stems[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2012, 13(4): 4704-4713.
[4]	TANG Y H, ZHAO D Q, MENG J S, et al. EGTA reduces the inflorescence stem mechanical strength of herbaceous peony by modifying secondary wall biosynthesis[J]. Horticulture Research, 2019, 6: 36.
[5]	ZHAO D Q, HAO Z J, TAO J, et al. Silicon application enhances the mechanical strength of inflorescence stem in herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2013, 151: 165-172.
[6]	ZHAO D Q, XU C, LUAN Y T, et al. Silicon enhances stem strength by promoting lignin accumulation in herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2021, 190: 769-779.
[7]	ZHANG Y S, WANG Y B, YE D L, et al. Ethephon-regulated maize internode elongation associated with modulating auxin and gibberellin signal to alter cell wall biosynthesis and modification[J]. Plant Science, 2020, 290: 110196.
[8]	郭人铭. 外源激素处理对矮秆大豆突变体生理生化特性的影响[D]. 哈尔滨: 东北农业大学, 2014.
	GUO R M. Effects of exogenous hormone treatment on physiological and biochemical characteristics of dwarf mutant soybean[D]. Harbin:Northeast Agricultural University, 2014. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[9]	王春鹏. 化控对夏玉米茎秆发育、产量形成及养分积累的影响[D]. 保定: 河北农业大学, 2023.
	WANG C P. Effects of chemical control on stem development, yield formation and nutrient accumulation of summer maize[D]. Baoding: Hebei Agricultural University, 2023. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]	韦丁一. 赤霉素在甘蓝型油菜抗倒伏性及杂种优势中的功能分析[D]. 荆州: 长江大学, 2022.
	WEI D Y. Functional analysis of gibberellin in lodging resistance and heterosis in Brassica napus L[D]. Jingzhou: Yangtze University, 2022. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]	石文波. 褪黑素对芍药花茎强度的调控作用及其机理初步研究[D]. 扬州: 扬州大学, 2021.
	SHI W B. Preliminary study on the regulation effect of melatonin on Paeonia lactiflora inflorescence stem strength and its mechanism[D]. Yangzhou: Yangzhou University, 2021. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[12]	PERROT-RECHENMANN C. Cellular responses to auxin: division versus expansion[J]. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, 2010, 2(5): a001446.
[13]	WANG B, SMITH S M, LI J Y. Genetic regulation of shoot architecture[J]. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 2018, 69: 437-468.
[14]	尹昌喜, 汪献芳, 曾汉来, 等. 生长素对植物茎伸长的调控作用[J]. 植物生理学通讯, 2009, 45(5): 503-508.
	YIN C X, WANG X F, ZENG H L, et al. Auxin involved in regulation of stem elongation[J]. Plant Physiology Communications, 2009, 45(5): 503-508. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[15]	HARDTKE C S, BERLETH T. The Arabidopsis gene MONOPTEROS encodes a transcription factor mediating embryo axis formation and vascular development[J]. The EMBO Journal, 1998, 17(5): 1405-1411.
[16]	ZHONG R, YE Z H. Alteration of auxin polar transport in the Arabidopsis ifl1 mutants[J]. Plant Physiology, 2001, 126(2): 549-563.
[17]	YUAN H M, ZHAO L J, GUO W D, et al. Exogenous application of phytohormones promotes growth and regulates expression of wood formation-related genes in Populus simonii×P. nigra[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2019, 20(3): 792.
[18]	LI L L, ZHANG Y C, ZHENG T C, et al. Comparative gene expression analysis reveals that multiple mechanisms regulate the weeping trait in Prunus mume[J]. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11(1): 2675.
[19]	WAN Y L, ZHANG M, HONG A Y, et al. Transcriptome and weighted correlation network analyses provide insights into inflorescence stem straightness in Paeonia lactiflora[J]. Plant Molecular Biology, 2020, 102(3): 239-252.
[20]	侯竞涵, 万映伶, 刘爱青, 等. 芍药不同品种发育过程中花茎细胞壁成分变化[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(10): 2220-2229.
	HOU J H, WAN Y L, LIU A Q, et al. Content changes of cell wall composition during stem development in different varieties of Paeonia lactiflora[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(10): 2220-2229. (in Chinese)
[21]	牛立军. 芍药切花露地及设施生产栽培技术研究[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2010.
	NIU L J. Cut flower production technology of herb peony in openland and greenhouse[D]. Beijing: Beijing Forestry University, 2010. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]	李和平. 植物显微技术[M]. 2版. 北京: 科学出版社, 2009.
[23]	JIANG Z F, LIU D D, WANG T Q, et al. Concentration difference of auxin involved in stem development in soybean[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2020, 19(4): 953-964.
[24]	马青美, 许莹莹, 赵美爱, 等. 玉米茎秆抗倒伏相关生理生化指标及关键酶基因的表达分析[J]. 植物生理学报, 2019, 55(8): 1123-1132.
	MA Q M, XU Y Y, ZHAO M A, et al. Physiological and biochemical indexes related to lodging resistance of maize stalk and expression analysis of key enzyme genes[J]. Plant Physiology Journal, 2019, 55(8): 1123-1132. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[25]	赵小红, 白羿雄, 姚有华, 等. 禾谷类作物茎秆特性与茎倒伏关系的研究[J]. 植物生理学报, 2021, 57(2): 257-264.
	ZHAO X H, BAI Y X, YAO Y H, et al. Research progress on the relationship between stem characteristics and crop stem lodging[J]. Plant Physiology Journal, 2021, 57(2): 257-264. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[26]	武维华. 植物生理学[M]. 3版. 北京: 科学出版社, 2018.
[27]	周宇飞, 闫彤, 张姣, 等. 外源IAA对高粱幼苗内源激素含量及分蘖发生的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2017, 36(8): 2191-2197.
	ZHOU Y F, YAN T, ZHANG J, et al. Effects of exogenous IAA application on endogenous hormone contents and tillering in Sorghum[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2017, 36(8): 2191-2197. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[28]	HIRANO K, OKUNO A, HOBO T, et al. Utilization of stiff culm trait of rice smos1 mutant for increased lodging resistance[J]. PLoS One, 2014, 9(7): e96009.
[29]	周紫晶, 范付华, 尚先文, 等. 外源IAA对马尾松幼苗茎干次生生长的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(9): 42-51.
	ZHOU Z J, FAN F H, SHANG X W, et al. Effects of exogenous IAA on stem secondary growth of Pinus massoniana seedlings[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(9): 42-51. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[30]	李成忠, 孙燕, 赵大球, 等. 芍药花茎生长形态指标与机械强度的关系[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2015, 27(2): 182-188.
	LI C Z, SUN Y, ZHAO D Q, et al. Relationship between mechanical strength and morphological index of inflorescence stem of herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2015, 27(2): 182-188. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[31]	赵琳, 刘爱青, 张嘉, 等. 设施栽培芍药茎秆直立性研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2015, 27(5): 769-775.
	ZHAO L, LIU A Q, ZHANG J, et al. Study on the stem orthostatic performance of Paeonia lactiflora under facility cultivation[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2015, 27(5): 769-775. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[32]	李晓冰. 生长素、乙烯利对大豆生根及茎伸长的调控作用[D]. 哈尔滨: 东北农业大学, 2018.
	LI X B. Regulation of auxin and ethephon on rooting and stem elongation of soybean[D]. Harbin:Northeast Agricultural University, 2018. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[33]	龚万灼, 杜成章, 龙珏臣, 等. TIBA对不同耐荫性大豆套作苗期生长和倒伏率的影响[J]. 大豆科学, 2019, 38(4): 570-575.
	GONG W Z, DU C Z, LONG J C, et al. Effects of triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) on growth and lodging rate of different shade-tolerant soybean during vegetative stages under relay intercropping[J]. Soybean Science, 2019, 38(4): 570-575. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[34]	苗永美, 简兴, 钱立生, 等. IAA和GA₃对弱光胁迫下甜瓜幼苗生长及光合的影响[J]. 分子植物育种, 2018, 16(7): 2335-2340.
	MIAO Y M, JIAN X, QIAN L S, et al. Effects of IAA and GA₃ on melon growth and photosynthesis under low light stress[J]. Molecular Plant Breeding, 2018, 16(7): 2335-2340. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[35]	JIN M R, LIU Y L, SHI B S, et al. Exogenous IAA improves the seedling growth of Syringa villosa via regulating the endogenous hormones and enhancing the photosynthesis[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2023, 308: 111585.
[36]	ZHAO D Q, SHI W B, XIA X, et al. Microstructural and lignin characteristics in herbaceous peony cultivars with different stem strengths[J]. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2020, 159: 111043.
[37]	BRULÉ V, RAFSANJANI A, PASINI D, et al. Hierarchies of plant stiffness[J]. Plant Science, 2016, 250: 79-96.
[38]	田敏, 夏琼梅, 李纪元. 植物的次生生长及其分子调控[J]. 遗传, 2007, 29(11): 1324-1330.
	TIAN M, XIA Q M, LI J Y. The secondary growth in plant and its molecular regulation[J]. Hereditas, 2007, 29(11): 1324-1330. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[39]	杨立伟, 施季森. 不同浓度外源IAA处理对杉木茎部基因表达的影响[J]. 遗传, 2012, 34(4): 94-106.
	YANG L W, SHI J S. Cloning and expression analysis of differentially expressed genes in Chinese fir stems treated by different concentrations of exogenous IAA[J]. Hereditas, 2012, 34(4): 94-106. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[40]	YU M, LIU K, LIU S Q, et al. Effect of exogenous IAA on tension wood formation by facilitating polar auxin transport and cellulose biosynthesis in hybrid poplar (Populus deltoids×Populus nigra) wood[J]. Holzforschung, 2017, 71(2): 179-188.

时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	皮层细胞层数Number of cortex cell layers				皮层厚度Cortex thickness/μm
时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	‘大富贵’ Dafugui	‘杨妃出浴’ Yangfei Chuyu	‘垂头红’ Chuitou -hong	‘奇花露霜’ Qihua Lushuang	‘大富贵’ Dafugui	‘杨妃出浴’ Yangfei Chuyu	‘垂头红’ Chuitou -hong	‘奇花露霜’ Qihua Lushuang
S1	CK	14.04 ±1.51	13.75 ±1.14	12.00 ±1.23	12.82 ±1.83	488.02 ±58.59	455.48 ±39.88	379.63 ±49.13	409.87 ±79.66
	IAA	11.58 ±1.30^*	12.69 ±1.20^*	10.71 ±0.99^*	11.88 ±1.54^*	380.41 ±53.07^*	451.48 ±53.93	350.60 ±63.88	372.73 ±61.33
S2	CK	12.57 ±1.08	12.86 ±0.95	10.90 ±1.10	11.68 ±1.25	452.27 ±66.45	439.80 ±30.32	269.21 ±33.56	393.74 ±46.96
	IAA	12.00 ±1.00	13.54 ±1.39	10.31 ±1.08	10.10 ±1.30^*	401.75 ±40.09^*	385.83 ±64.07^*	281.00 ±40.66	354.47 ±51.09^*
S3	CK	11.71 ±1.36	12.50 ±0.76	9.74 ±1.21	10.00 ±1.00	371.10 ±54.08	344.55 ±37.53	253.48 ±20.89	318.32 ±63.20
	IAA	11.00 ±1.78	13.44 ±0.88	9.53 ±1.07	9.42 ±0.96	314.61 ±24.17^*	373.84 ±39.70	244.51 ±18.94	308.28 ±45.26
S4	CK	11.58 ±1.08	12.14 ±1.35	9.75 ±1.06	10.53 ±1.71	350.28 ±45.40	288.72 ±44.79	230.97 ±39.63	297.04 ±54.92
	IAA	11.20 ±1.27	12.86 ±1.04	10.09 ±1.38	9.43 ±1.09	332.27 ±50.93	283.78 ±33.00	235.82 ±38.99	264.77 ±42.90
S5	CK	11.60 ±1.17	12.43 ±0.98	10.29 ±0.95	10.69 ±1.35	294.12 ±42.57	293.22 ±41.12	230.62 ±42.72	251.81 ±36.86
	IAA	11.00 ±1.00	12.75 ±1.04	10.00 ±0.58	9.91 ±1.27	282.63 ±53.02	293.12 ±54.38	212.50 ±19.86	254.55 ±31.37

时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	皮层细胞层数Number of cortex cell layers				皮层厚度Cortex thickness/μm
时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	‘大富贵’ Dafugui	‘杨妃出浴’ Yangfei Chuyu	‘垂头红’ Chuitou -hong	‘奇花露霜’ Qihua Lushuang	‘大富贵’ Dafugui	‘杨妃出浴’ Yangfei Chuyu	‘垂头红’ Chuitou -hong	‘奇花露霜’ Qihua Lushuang
S1	CK	14.04 ±1.51	13.75 ±1.14	12.00 ±1.23	12.82 ±1.83	488.02 ±58.59	455.48 ±39.88	379.63 ±49.13	409.87 ±79.66
	IAA	11.58 ±1.30^*	12.69 ±1.20^*	10.71 ±0.99^*	11.88 ±1.54^*	380.41 ±53.07^*	451.48 ±53.93	350.60 ±63.88	372.73 ±61.33
S2	CK	12.57 ±1.08	12.86 ±0.95	10.90 ±1.10	11.68 ±1.25	452.27 ±66.45	439.80 ±30.32	269.21 ±33.56	393.74 ±46.96
	IAA	12.00 ±1.00	13.54 ±1.39	10.31 ±1.08	10.10 ±1.30^*	401.75 ±40.09^*	385.83 ±64.07^*	281.00 ±40.66	354.47 ±51.09^*
S3	CK	11.71 ±1.36	12.50 ±0.76	9.74 ±1.21	10.00 ±1.00	371.10 ±54.08	344.55 ±37.53	253.48 ±20.89	318.32 ±63.20
	IAA	11.00 ±1.78	13.44 ±0.88	9.53 ±1.07	9.42 ±0.96	314.61 ±24.17^*	373.84 ±39.70	244.51 ±18.94	308.28 ±45.26
S4	CK	11.58 ±1.08	12.14 ±1.35	9.75 ±1.06	10.53 ±1.71	350.28 ±45.40	288.72 ±44.79	230.97 ±39.63	297.04 ±54.92
	IAA	11.20 ±1.27	12.86 ±1.04	10.09 ±1.38	9.43 ±1.09	332.27 ±50.93	283.78 ±33.00	235.82 ±38.99	264.77 ±42.90
S5	CK	11.60 ±1.17	12.43 ±0.98	10.29 ±0.95	10.69 ±1.35	294.12 ±42.57	293.22 ±41.12	230.62 ±42.72	251.81 ±36.86
	IAA	11.00 ±1.00	12.75 ±1.04	10.00 ±0.58	9.91 ±1.27	282.63 ±53.02	293.12 ±54.38	212.50 ±19.86	254.55 ±31.37

时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	髓面积占比Pith area proportion/%
时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	‘大富贵’ Dafugui	‘杨妃出浴’ Yangfei Chuyu	‘垂头红’ Chuitouhong	‘奇花露霜’ Qihua Lushuang
S1	CK	0.368±0.013	0.358±0.014	0.312±0.016	0.300±0.030
	IAA	0.309±0.010^*	0.320±0.003^*	0.331±0.016	0.325±0.011
S2	CK	0.224±0.009	0.262±0.021	0.306±0.021	0.241±0.029
	IAA	0.221±0.014	0.337±0.022^*	0.292±0.019	0.185±0.045^*
S3	CK	0.177±0.028	0.275±0.032	0.169±0.028	0.218±0.014
	IAA	0.180±0.034	0.312±0.029^*	0.155±0.030	0.205±0.016
S4	CK	0.208±0.042	0.290±0.017	0.215±0.018	0.203±0.024
	IAA	0.203±0.017	0.389±0.010^*	0.191±0.029	0.240± 0.023
S5	CK	0.186±0.009	0.324±0.011	0.219±0.043	0.232±0.027
	IAA	0.225±0.028	0.309±0.015	0.232±0.034	0.220±0.032

时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	髓面积占比Pith area proportion/%
时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	‘大富贵’ Dafugui	‘杨妃出浴’ Yangfei Chuyu	‘垂头红’ Chuitouhong	‘奇花露霜’ Qihua Lushuang
S1	CK	0.368±0.013	0.358±0.014	0.312±0.016	0.300±0.030
	IAA	0.309±0.010^*	0.320±0.003^*	0.331±0.016	0.325±0.011
S2	CK	0.224±0.009	0.262±0.021	0.306±0.021	0.241±0.029
	IAA	0.221±0.014	0.337±0.022^*	0.292±0.019	0.185±0.045^*
S3	CK	0.177±0.028	0.275±0.032	0.169±0.028	0.218±0.014
	IAA	0.180±0.034	0.312±0.029^*	0.155±0.030	0.205±0.016
S4	CK	0.208±0.042	0.290±0.017	0.215±0.018	0.203±0.024
	IAA	0.203±0.017	0.389±0.010^*	0.191±0.029	0.240± 0.023
S5	CK	0.186±0.009	0.324±0.011	0.219±0.043	0.232±0.027
	IAA	0.225±0.028	0.309±0.015	0.232±0.034	0.220±0.032

时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	维管束数量Vascular bundle number				维管束宽Vascular bundle width/μm
时期 Stage	处理 Treatment	‘大富贵’ Dafugui	‘杨妃出浴’ Yangfei Chuyu	‘垂头红’ Chuitou- hong	‘奇花露霜’ Qihua Lushuang	‘大富贵’ Dafugui	‘杨妃出浴’ Yangfei Chuyu	‘垂头红’ Chuitou- hong	‘奇花露霜’ Qihua Lushuang
S1	CK	21.33 ±1.16	20.00 ±1.00	16.50 ±2.52	17.00 ±0.82	788.87 ±148.15	679.40 ±113.78	672.01 ±88.56	640.54 ±151.83
	IAA	22.33 ±1.16	21.67 ±1.16	16.50 ±1.29	18.00 ±0.82	771.61 ±163.84	751.83 ±114.69	674.48 ±90.95	623.45 ±153.60
S2	CK	20.75 ±0.50	20.33 ±0.58	17.80 ±0.84	16.75 ±1.71	734.09 ±71.78	737.42 ±126.76	530.34 ±78.94	713.22 ±110.84
	IAA	21.33 ±0.58	26.00 ±2.00^*	19.00 ±1.16	18.00 ±0.82	786.15 ±103.16^*	763.69 ±121.01	578.45 ±108.90	733.03 ±131.15
S3	CK	19.80 ±1.10	21.00 ±0.01	17.67 ±1.53	14.50 ±0.58	807.19 ±72.23	628.15 ±117.37	543.99 ±73.60	773.17 ±172.11
	IAA	22.33 ±0.58^*	23.33 ±1.53^*	18.00 ±1.00	15.25 ±0.96	790.16 ±73.32	728.64 ±161.83^*	550.19 ±52.69	849.86 ±172.74^*
S4	CK	21.50 ±1.29	21.00 ±1.00	16.00 ±1.87	15.00 ±0.82	876.93 ±121.65	596.51 ±115.99	535.33 ±97.92	755.78 ±169.76
	IAA	24.33 ±0.58^*	25.33 ±0.58^*	17.20 ±1.30	16.00 ±2.16	881.02 ±119.76	598.41 ±129.65	566.20 ±59.22	813.06 ±134.04
S5	CK	20.80 ±1.48	17.00 ±1.73	17.50 ±1.29	14.75 ±0.50	762.31 ±106.33	688.12 ±115.38	607.91 ±99.91	804.23 ±189.94
	IAA	20.00 ±1.41	19.67 ±0.58^*	17.20 ±0.84	15.50 ±1.29	752.13 ±98.87	708.26 ±104.66	604.42 ±101.76	795.20 ±144.66

Effects of auxin on flower stem phenotype and anatomy of Paeonia lactiflora

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 9

References 40

Related Articles 8

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	HOU Jinghan, WAN Yingling, LIU Aiqing, HONG Aiying, LIU Yan. Content changes of cell wall composition during stem development in different varieties of Paeonia lactiflora [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(10): 2220-2229.
[2]	GE Jintao, WANG Jiangying, ZHAO Wenjing, SHAO Xiaobin, ZHU Pengbo, TANG Xueyan, SUN Mingwei, LIU Xingman. Transcriptome analysis on development of aerial root in grape of Weike [J]. , 2020, 32(9): 1645-1655.
[3]	XU Na, WANG Dahai, DU Chuanyin, DU Shasha, WANG Xiaomeng, ZHANG Yan, ZHANG Yuqin, WU Yuanhua, GUAN Ensen, SHI Yi. Effects of planting space on growth and development of tobacco seedlings [J]. , 2020, 32(8): 1342-1350.
[4]	YAN Wenyi, XIE Yongdong, YANG Luxi, CHEN Yan, WANG Haixia, SUN Bo, HE Zhongqun. Comparison of morphology, anatomical structure and karyotype between two Talinum crassifolium (Jacq.) Gaertn. species [J]. , 2019, 31(8): 1321-1330.
[5]	YANG Zhou, LYU Ke, LYU Shan, WANG Junjie, ZHANG Di. Cloning and sequence analysis of two ARF genes and two Aux/IAA genes in Agapanthus praecox ssp. orientalis [J]. , 2019, 31(1): 86-97.
[6]	XUE Wanwan, GONG Ronggao, DING Jianlin, LI Keqiang, ZOU Jin, LI Rulong, PENG Honggui. Effect of gibberellin on fruit quality and anatomical structure of Hongdeng sweet cherry [J]. , 2018, 30(6): 978-984.
[7]	TENG Yao, LI Anding, HAO Ziyuan, ZHANG Hongliang, ZHANG Limin, CAI Guojun. Anatomical structure of Passiflora caerulea L. and relationship between leaf structure and cold resistance under low temperature stress [J]. , 2018, 30(11): 1849-1858.
[8]	DENG Xianlan, LIU Xin, CAO Yusong, GUAN Jie. Comparison of leaf anatomical structure between Rhododendron frotunei and Rhododendron simiarum, two dominant species of montane elfin forest in Jinggangshan [J]. , 2017, 29(4): 583-589.