Application effect of nutrient soil made from river sludge for machine-transplanted rice seedling

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240269

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 538-547.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240269

• Crop Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Application effect of nutrient soil made from river sludge for machine-transplanted rice seedling

XIE Changyan¹(), JIN Yumeng², ZHANG Miao¹, DONG Qingjun¹, LI Qing¹, JI Li¹, ZHONG Ping¹, CHEN Chuan¹, ZHANG Ankang¹^,^*()

1. Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuhuai Region in Jiangsu, Huai’an 223001, Jiangsu, China
2. Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Technical Guidance Station of Yandu District, Yancheng City, Yancheng 224056, Jiangsu, China

Received:2024-03-22 Online:2025-03-25 Published:2025-04-02

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to realize the utilization of river sludge, different volume ratios (T1, 8∶2; T2, 7∶3; T3, 6∶4; T4, 5∶5; T5, 4∶6; T6, 3∶7) of river sludge and local organic materials were mixed to make nutrient soil for rice seedling, as well as rice variety Nanjing 9108 selected as the test material for two seasons. The physical and chemical properties, heavy metals content and potential ecological risk of different nutrient soils were determined, and their effects on the comprehensive quality of rice seedlings were studied, to reveal the application potential of these nutrient soils made from rive sludge for machine-transplanted rice seedlings. The results indicated that these prepared nutrient soils effectively reduced the bulk density of rive sludge, and increased the total porosity as well as the contents of organic matter and total nitrogen. The total amount of cadmium, chromium, lead, arsenic and mercury in these nutrient soils did not exceed the limits of the relevant standards, the pollution level was safe, and the potential ecological risk was slight. Among the 6 nutrient soils, the T2 treatment showed the best performance. Compared with the pure paddy soil, the plant height of rice seedlings under T2 treatment was significantly (P<0.05) increased by 25.80%-57.49%, and its dry weight of root, total root length, root surface area, root volume, strong seedling index and growth function were significantly superior, which could meet the standard for machine-transplanted rice seedling and the requirements of operation quality, showing good adaptability. To sum up, it has a strong feasibility to produce nutrient soil for seedling from river sludge, and the seedling effect could be better than the paddy soil with the appropriate formula.

Key words: river sludge, rice, machine-transplanted seedling, nutrient soil, seedling quality, comprehensive evaluation

CLC Number:

S511

XIE Changyan, JIN Yumeng, ZHANG Miao, DONG Qingjun, LI Qing, JI Li, ZHONG Ping, CHEN Chuan, ZHANG Ankang. Application effect of nutrient soil made from river sludge for machine-transplanted rice seedling[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(3): 538-547.

Figures/Tables 8

References 27

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处理 Treatment	容重 Bulk density/ (g·cm^-3)	总孔隙度 Total porosity/%	pH	电导率 Electrical conductivity/ (mS·cm^-1)	有机质含量 Organic matter content/(g·kg^-1)	全氮含量 Total nitrogen content/(g·kg^-1)
CK1	1.03±0.01 b	53.8±1.6 ab	8.16±0.07 a	0.06±0.01 d	28.59±1.15 e	1.85±0.63 d
CK2	1.15±0.07 a	49.4±1.7 b	8.05±0.02 a	0.31±0.04 d	27.14±2.03 e	1.81±0.26 d
T1	1.07±0.02 ab	51.4±2.3 ab	8.07±0.03 a	1.12±0.13 c	40.92±10.35 de	3.57±1.64 c
T2	1.03±0.01 b	51.8±1.6 ab	7.90±0.05 b	1.20±0.04 c	53.84±6.24 cd	4.18±0.67 b
T3	0.91±0.06 c	53.1±0.8 ab	7.94±0.08 b	1.35±0.17 c	75.76±6.03 bc	5.29±0.36 b
T4	0.86±0.03 c	53.3±6.0 ab	7.75±0.03 cd	1.68±0.15 b	86.39±9.27 b	6.06±0.24 b
T5	0.63±0.04 d	55.6±1.9 ab	7.79±0.01 c	1.90±0.03 b	98.64±14.53 b	8.49±1.68 a
T6	0.68±0.02 d	56.8±1.0 a	7.66±0.03 d	2.52±0.04 a	138.40±24.49 a	9.13±1.84 a

处理 Treatment	容重 Bulk density/ (g·cm^-3)	总孔隙度 Total porosity/%	pH	电导率 Electrical conductivity/ (mS·cm^-1)	有机质含量 Organic matter content/(g·kg^-1)	全氮含量 Total nitrogen content/(g·kg^-1)
CK1	1.03±0.01 b	53.8±1.6 ab	8.16±0.07 a	0.06±0.01 d	28.59±1.15 e	1.85±0.63 d
CK2	1.15±0.07 a	49.4±1.7 b	8.05±0.02 a	0.31±0.04 d	27.14±2.03 e	1.81±0.26 d
T1	1.07±0.02 ab	51.4±2.3 ab	8.07±0.03 a	1.12±0.13 c	40.92±10.35 de	3.57±1.64 c
T2	1.03±0.01 b	51.8±1.6 ab	7.90±0.05 b	1.20±0.04 c	53.84±6.24 cd	4.18±0.67 b
T3	0.91±0.06 c	53.1±0.8 ab	7.94±0.08 b	1.35±0.17 c	75.76±6.03 bc	5.29±0.36 b
T4	0.86±0.03 c	53.3±6.0 ab	7.75±0.03 cd	1.68±0.15 b	86.39±9.27 b	6.06±0.24 b
T5	0.63±0.04 d	55.6±1.9 ab	7.79±0.01 c	1.90±0.03 b	98.64±14.53 b	8.49±1.68 a
T6	0.68±0.02 d	56.8±1.0 a	7.66±0.03 d	2.52±0.04 a	138.40±24.49 a	9.13±1.84 a

处理 Treatment	Cd含量 Cd content	Cr含量 Cr content	As含量 As content	Hg含量 Hg content	Pb含量 Pb content
CK1	0.33±0.02 bc	18.59±8.18 d	17.74±1.44 a	0.01±0.01 a	23.37±2.21 a
CK2	0.39±0.01 ab	216.58±140.01 a	17.23±2.32 a	0.02±0.01 a	22.31±0.44 a
T1	0.22±0.04 d	163.94±23.52 ab	10.96±2.08 b	0.02±0.01 a	14.82±1.82 b
T2	0.26±0.08 cd	110.33±13.72 b	15.63±2.11 ab	0.01±0.01 a	14.79±1.10 b
T3	0.32±0.02 bc	95.85±6.99 c	17.07±4.89 a	0.02±0.01 a	16.12±3.71 b
T4	0.32±0.01 bc	126.66±8.61 ab	18.29±2.35 a	0.01±0.01 a	13.65±2.34 b
T5	0.38±0.01 ab	210.33±42.75 a	13.69±0.42 ab	0.02±0.01 a	15.03±2.01 b
T6	0.42±0.06 a	102.06±9.51 b	14.35±1.17 ab	0.01±0.01 a	12.69±1.38 b

处理 Treatment	Cd含量 Cd content	Cr含量 Cr content	As含量 As content	Hg含量 Hg content	Pb含量 Pb content
CK1	0.33±0.02 bc	18.59±8.18 d	17.74±1.44 a	0.01±0.01 a	23.37±2.21 a
CK2	0.39±0.01 ab	216.58±140.01 a	17.23±2.32 a	0.02±0.01 a	22.31±0.44 a
T1	0.22±0.04 d	163.94±23.52 ab	10.96±2.08 b	0.02±0.01 a	14.82±1.82 b
T2	0.26±0.08 cd	110.33±13.72 b	15.63±2.11 ab	0.01±0.01 a	14.79±1.10 b
T3	0.32±0.02 bc	95.85±6.99 c	17.07±4.89 a	0.02±0.01 a	16.12±3.71 b
T4	0.32±0.01 bc	126.66±8.61 ab	18.29±2.35 a	0.01±0.01 a	13.65±2.34 b
T5	0.38±0.01 ab	210.33±42.75 a	13.69±0.42 ab	0.02±0.01 a	15.03±2.01 b
T6	0.42±0.06 a	102.06±9.51 b	14.35±1.17 ab	0.01±0.01 a	12.69±1.38 b

处理 Treatment	P_Cd	P_Cr	P_As	P_Hg	P_Pb	P_N	E_Cd	E_Cr	E_As	E_Hg	E_Pb	RI
CK1	0.41	0.05	0.89	0.01	0.10	0.66	12.3	0.1	8.9	0.4	0.5	22.2
CK2	0.49	0.62	0.86	0.02	0.09	0.68	14.7	1.2	8.6	0.8	0.4	25.7
T1	0.28	0.47	0.55	0.02	0.06	0.44	8.4	0.9	5.5	0.8	0.3	15.9
T2	0.33	0.32	0.78	0.01	0.06	0.59	9.9	0.6	7.8	0.4	0.3	19.0
T3	0.40	0.27	0.85	0.02	0.07	0.64	12.0	0.5	8.5	0.8	0.3	22.1
T4	0.40	0.36	0.91	0.01	0.06	0.69	12.0	0.7	9.1	0.4	0.3	22.5
T5	0.48	0.60	0.68	0.02	0.06	0.55	14.4	1.2	6.8	0.8	0.3	23.5
T6	0.53	0.29	0.72	0.01	0.05	0.56	15.9	0.6	7.2	0.4	0.2	24.3

Application effect of nutrient soil made from river sludge for machine-transplanted rice seedling

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处理 Treatment	成苗率 Seeding rate/%	叶龄 Leaf age	株高 Height/cm	茎粗 Stem diameter/mm	SPAD值 SPAD value	地上部干重 Dry weight of shoot/g	根干重 Dry weight of root/g
CK1	88.61±9.29 a	3.94±0.23 c	11.32±0.74 d	1.35±0.22 c	21.36±2.33 abc	1.31±0.15 b	1.94±0.07 c
CK2	78.10±6.46 a	3.70±0.48 d	10.07±1.10 e	2.01±0.39 b	18.92±2.95 c	0.95±0.13 d	1.07±0.15 d
T1	80.31±10.09 a	4.67±0.19 a	15.52±1.99 a	2.29±0.47 ab	24.74±1.12 a	1.75±0.18 a	2.06±0.31 b
T2	90.28±9.58 a	4.46±0.49 ab	14.24±1.08 b	2.32±0.37 ab	20.90±2.84 bc	1.53±0.18 ab	2.68±0.28 a
T3	89.17±3.77 a	4.27±0.32 bc	11.66±1.07 d	2.39±0.34 ab	22.92±2.85 ab	1.39±0.18 b	2.52±0.25 a
T4	82.53± 5.08 a	4.70±0.39 a	11.75±0.74 d	2.42±0.25 ab	22.04±2.12 abc	1.26±0.19 c	2.00±0.13 b
T5	93.60±15.09 a	4.24±0.63 bc	13.05±0.44 c	2.41±0.25 ab	23.56±2.56 ab	1.62±0.17 a	2.31±0.21 ab
T6	79.77±7.45 a	4.49±0.36 ab	12.94±1.15 c	2.55±0.12 a	23.24±2.16 ab	1.29±0.21 c	2.25±0.32 ab

处理 Treatment	成苗率 Seeding rate/%	叶龄 Leaf age	株高 Height/cm	茎粗 Stem diameter/mm	SPAD值 SPAD value	地上部干重 Dry weight of shoot/g	根干重 Dry weight of root/g
CK1	81.41±9.03 a	3.96±0.13 a	12.82±0.73 d	1.86±0.16 bc	20.66±1.02 c	1.20±0.11 d	1.10±0.13 c
CK2	84.74±11.11 a	3.68±0.31 b	14.01±1.19 c	1.68±0.16 c	22.64±3.72 bc	1.13±0.15 d	0.67±0.18 e
T1	88.06±11.31 a	4.07±0.13 a	20.46±1.06 b	2.10±0.11 a	28.52±4.78 a	1.60 ±0.16 c	1.79±0.23 a
T2	89.73±12.03 a	4.00±0.04 a	20.19±1.44 b	2.07±0.26 ab	23.26±1.76 bc	1.67±0.26 c	1.78±0.27 a
T3	88.90±8.19 a	4.07±0.19 a	20.11±1.52 b	1.78±0.24 bc	23.10±1.85 bc	1.81±0.17 b	1.55±0.29 b
T4	92.49±13.31 a	4.00±0.06 a	19.29±1.09 b	1.67±0.11 c	22.18±0.77 bc	1.63±0.10 c	0.69 ±0.14 e
T5	92.38±14.55 a	4.02±0.06 a	21.74±1.74 a	1.95±0.16 b	25.26±1.15 ab	2.03±0.16 a	0.88±0.18 d
T6	82.65±4.98 a	4.02±0.08 a	19.76±1.39 b	2.01±0.22 ab	27.90±4.31 a	1.75±0.18 bc	0.93±0.14 d

处理 Treatment	总根长 Total root length/cm	根系表面积 Root surface area/cm²	根体积 Root volume/cm³	根尖数 Tips	分叉数 Forks
CK1	67.37±9.98 bc	6.39±1.01 b	0.060±0.008 bc	396±90 abc	461±63 bc
CK2	37.56±13.23 c	3.07±1.27 d	0.055±0.010 c	163±99 d	267±50 d
T1	83.36±23.95 a	9.30±1.63 a	0.085±0.012 ab	504±97 a	534±133 a
T2	75.81±9.08 ab	8.80±0.93 ab	0.082±0.010 ab	441±36 a	508±68 ab
T3	85.46±36.26 a	9.85±4.06 a	0.092±0.004 a	408±78 ab	475±72 ab
T4	46.84±6.65 c	5.91±0.82 c	0.060±0.010 bc	254±37 cd	314±35 c
T5	28.30±13.55 c	3.65±1.26 d	0.038±0.010 c	378±94 abc	358±75 c
T6	59.08±21.63 bc	6.57±2.32 b	0.058±0.012 c	348±124 bcd	357±143 c

处理 Treatment	总根长 Total root length/cm	根系表面积 Root surface area/cm²	根体积 Root volume/cm³	根尖数 Tips	分叉数 Forks
CK1	80.14±17.02 b	8.12±2.38 ab	0.065±0.013 bc	469±75 bc	497±82 c
CK2	54.38±19.73 cd	5.23±1.87 c	0.040±0.010 d	328±130 cd	334±79 cd
T1	104.24±17.64 a	10.29±2.32 a	0.093±0.010 a	656±97 a	865±85 a
T2	105.31±14.29 a	9.82±1.34 ab	0.089±0.010 ab	462±112 bc	553±69 bc
T3	105.15±6.73 a	10.52±0.59 a	0.085±0.018 ab	550±111 ab	662±110 b
T4	58.36±14.39 c	5.87±1.13 bc	0.047±0.010 cd	344±95 cd	396±146 cd
T5	57.64±9.29 c	5.77±1.01 bc	0.047±0.016 cd	357±67 cd	422±114 cd
T6	33.21±4.32 d	3.48±0.91 d	0.033±0.010 d	244±68 d	260±58 d

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