Abstract: In order to clarify the effects of controlled\|release fertilizer on rice， prilled urea was adopted as control reagents， and sulfur\|polyester resin\|coated urea （SPCU）， polyester resin coated urea （PCU） were chosen to explore their effects on nitrogen use efficiency as well as soil physicochemical properties via a long term field experiment from 2008 to 2013. It was shown that coated urea improved rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency significantly compared to PU in conventional fertilizer application amount. When N application amount was reduced to 70% of the conventional fertilization， coated urea treatments still exhibited higher yield compared to PU with conventional application amount， which indicated that coated urea could increase grain yield while reduce N input. Under the same N application rate， coated urea significantly improved rice fertile panicle and filled grain numbers. After 6 years of continuous experiment， under conventional N application amount， soil effective sulfur content with SPCU was 705% and 516% higher than that with PCU and PU， respectively. In conclusion， nitrogen use efficiency of controlled\|release fertilizer was higher than prilled urea. Between the two kinds of controlled\|release fertilizer， PCU was more effective to increase N use efficiency and yield than SPCU. Considering the sulfur accumulation caused by SPCU， PCU was the better choice for long term application.

Key words: controlled\, release coated urea, rice, yield, nitrogen use efficiency, sulfur