Effect of malonic acid treatment on postharvest storage quality of cowpea

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.07.21

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (7): 1529-1536.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.07.21

• Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effect of malonic acid treatment on postharvest storage quality of cowpea

GUO Xuesong¹(), TIAN Libo¹, SHANG Sang²^,^*()

1. The Key Laboratory of Tropical Horticultural Crop Quality Regulation of Hainan Province, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
2. School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China

Received:2020-11-24 Online:2022-07-25 Published:2022-07-26
Contact: SHANG Sang

Abstract

Abstract:

The physiological and biochemical indexes of cowpea treated with malonic acid concentration of 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg·L^-1 were studied during storage at (8±2) ℃ with fresh cowpea as experimental material. The results showed that after 12 days of storage, the rust spot index of cowpea treated with malonic acid was significantly lower than that of the control, the effect of cowpea treated with 200, 300 mg·L^-1 malonic acid were the best; the weight loss rate of cowpea treated with malonic acid was always lower than that of the control and 300 mg·L^-1 malonic acid treatment was significantly lower than that of the control; on the 9th day of storage, the soluble protein content of pods and beans treated with malonic acid was always higher than that of the control. On the 12th day of storage, the soluble protein content of pods treated with 300 mg·L^-1 malonic acid was the highest, 68.49% higher than that of the control and the soluble protein content was 6.42% higher than that of the control; the contents of chlorophyll and vitamin C of cowpea decreased during storage, in 300 mg·L^-1 malonic acid treatment group were always higher than those in the control group. Soluble sugar content of cowpea pods and beans decreased rapidly during storage, the soluble sugar content of pods treated with 200 and 300 mg·L^-1 malonic acid was always higher than that of the control. The cellulose content in cowpea showed an increasing trend, and the cellulose content in cowpea treated with 300 mg· L^-1 malonic acid was significantly lower than that in the control group. The activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in cowpea increased, but the PPO activity in malonic acid treatment was always lower than that in the control during storage. The peroxidase (POD) activity of all treatments reached the peak on the 6th day and then decreased. The changes of POD activity were stable in 300 and 400 mg·L^-1 malonic acid treatment during storage. Different concentrations of malonic acid could inhibit the increase of cowpea rust index, delay the increase of weight loss rate, cellulose content, PPO activity and the decrease of chlorophyll, soluble sugar and soluble protein contents, and maintain a high level of POD activity to eliminate free radicals, so as to maintain the quality of cowpea after harvest, further improve the postharvest fresh-keeping effect of cowpea. The results showed that 300 mg·L^-1 malonic acid had the best effect on the preservation of cowpea.

Key words: malonic acid, cowpea, preservation effect

CLC Number:

S643.4

GUO Xuesong, TIAN Libo, SHANG Sang. Effect of malonic acid treatment on postharvest storage quality of cowpea[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(7): 1529-1536.

Figures/Tables 11

References 23

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丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	失重率 Weight loss rate
丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	3 d	6 d	9 d	12 d
0	0.79±0.096 a	1.34±0.015 a	1.83±0.074 a	3.43±0.121 a
100	0.28±0.053 b	0.83±0.049 d	1.49±0.079 bc	2.38±0.123 bc
200	0.37±0.047 b	0.71±0.046 e	1.24±0.095 cd	2.16±0.115 c
300	0.41±0.051 b	0.97±0.021 c	1.13±0.078 d	2.03±0.095 c
400	0.82±0.056 a	1.11±0.026 b	1.66±0.078 ab	2.66±0.130 b

丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	失重率 Weight loss rate
丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	3 d	6 d	9 d	12 d
0	0.79±0.096 a	1.34±0.015 a	1.83±0.074 a	3.43±0.121 a
100	0.28±0.053 b	0.83±0.049 d	1.49±0.079 bc	2.38±0.123 bc
200	0.37±0.047 b	0.71±0.046 e	1.24±0.095 cd	2.16±0.115 c
300	0.41±0.051 b	0.97±0.021 c	1.13±0.078 d	2.03±0.095 c
400	0.82±0.056 a	1.11±0.026 b	1.66±0.078 ab	2.66±0.130 b

丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content
丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d	12 d
0	1.27±0.03 a	0.90±0.017 bc	0.49±0.011 c	0.27±0.012 b	0.13±0.021 bc
100	1.27±0.03 a	0.92±0.015 b	0.50±0.010 bc	0.28±0.023 b	0.17±0.020 b
200	1.27±0.03 a	0.93±0.012 ab	0.55±0.015 ab	0.31±0.021 ab	0.17±0.010 ab
300	1.27±0.03 a	0.98±0.021 a	0.57±0.016 a	0.36±0.020 a	0.21±0.022 a
400	1.27±0.03 a	0.86±0.020 c	0.50±0.026 bc	0.20±0.010 c	0.10±0.012 c

丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content
丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d	12 d
0	1.27±0.03 a	0.90±0.017 bc	0.49±0.011 c	0.27±0.012 b	0.13±0.021 bc
100	1.27±0.03 a	0.92±0.015 b	0.50±0.010 bc	0.28±0.023 b	0.17±0.020 b
200	1.27±0.03 a	0.93±0.012 ab	0.55±0.015 ab	0.31±0.021 ab	0.17±0.010 ab
300	1.27±0.03 a	0.98±0.021 a	0.57±0.016 a	0.36±0.020 a	0.21±0.022 a
400	1.27±0.03 a	0.86±0.020 c	0.50±0.026 bc	0.20±0.010 c	0.10±0.012 c

丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	豆荚可溶性蛋白含量 Soluble protein content of pods
丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d	12 d
0	4.15±0.184 a	3.60±0.182 a	2.50±0.244 c	2.40±0.258 b	1.46±0.118 b
100	4.15±0.184 a	3.76±0.244 a	2.97±0.188 bc	2.86±0.066 b	1.62±0.236 b
200	4.15±0.184 a	3.85±0.167 a	3.75±0.227 a	3.20±0.125 a	1.90±0.168 ab
300	4.15±0.184 a	3.87±0.226 a	3.45±0.071 ab	3.10±0.155 a	2.46±0.228 a
400	4.15±0.184 a	3.94±0.186 a	3.80±0.227 a	2.88±0.133 ab	1.55±0.191 b

Effect of malonic acid treatment on postharvest storage quality of cowpea

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丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	豆粒可溶性蛋白含量 Soluble protein content of beans
丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d	12 d
0	4.59±0.254 a	3.69±0.221 b	2.38±0.231 b	2.14±0.280 b	1.87±0.180 a
100	4.59±0.254 a	4.07±0.102 ab	3.55±0.068 a	2.97±0.246 a	1.85±0.227 a
200	4.59±0.254 a	3.77±0.223 b	3.72±0.091 a	2.33±0.264 ab	2.03±0.167 a
300	4.59±0.254 a	4.53±0.067 a	3.47±0.219 a	2.48±0.218 ab	1.99±0.139 a
400	4.59±0.254 a	3.90±0.147 b	3.85±0.238 a	2.70±0.125 ab	2.29±0.225 a

丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	豆荚可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content of pods
丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d	12 d
0	1.94±0.139 a	1.52±0.036 a	0.74±0.078 bc	0.66±0.095 a	0.40±0.049 c
100	1.94±0.139 a	1.58±0.081 a	0.72±0.108 c	0.71±0.076 a	0.51±0.006 bc
200	1.94±0.139 a	1.66±0.142 a	0.89±0.064 abc	0.77±0.044 a	0.56±0.020 ab
300	1.94±0.139 a	1.53±0.134 a	0.98±0.040 ab	0.75±0.051 a	0.60±0.040 ab
400	1.94±0.139 a	1.37±0.102 a	1.06±0.057 a	0.78±0.058 a	0.68±0.058 a

丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	豆粒可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content of beans
丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d	12 d
0	1.03±0.021 a	0.78±0.040 ab	0.57±0.015 c	0.44±0.031 c	0.44±0.032 b
100	1.03±0.021 a	0.88±0.045 a	0.66±0.042 bc	0.60±0.036 b	0.52±0.049 ab
200	1.03±0.021 a	0.74±0.017 b	0.63±0.031 bc	0.57±0.038 b	0.47±0.040 b
300	1.03±0.021 a	0.87±0.031 a	0.79±0.021 a	0.77±0.025 a	0.63±0.047 a
400	1.03±0.021 a	0.88±0.020 a	0.71±0.025 ab	0.57±0.023 b	0.54±0.015 ab

丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	维生素C含量 Vitamin C content
丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d	12 d
0	102.9±1.93 a	83.7±1.95 b	71.4±2.10 b	70.2±1.00 bc	61.0±1.18 b
100	102.9±1.93 a	87.5±2.50 ab	74.6±2.34 ab	68.5±2.43 c	59.3±0.71 b
200	102.9±1.93 a	89.7±1.11 ab	76.2±2.53 ab	71.1±2.45 abc	60.1±1.59 b
300	102.9±1.93 a	93.1±2.11 a	78.2±2.10 ab	77.8±2.27 a	65.4±1.23 a
400	102.9±1.93 a	91.3±2.17 a	80.2±2.12 a	75.8±1.69 ab	61.4±1.70 ab

丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	纤维素含量 Cellulose content of cowpea
丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d	12 d
0	3.73±0.217 a	4.51±0.133 a	4.68±0.203 a	5.55±0.210 a	6.48±0.189 a
100	3.73±0.217 a	3.87±0.119 b	4.05±0.147 b	4.91±0.078 b	6.21±0.199 a
200	3.73±0.217 a	3.81±0.133 b	4.22±0.053 b	4.82±0.087 b	6.12±0.252 a
300	3.73±0.217 a	4.05±0.130 b	4.23±0.070 b	4.79±0.061 b	5.32±0.191 b
400	3.73±0.217 a	4.15±0.104 ab	4.70±0.200 a	5.05±0.086 b	5.89±0.247 ab

丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	PPO活性 PPO activity
丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d	12 d
0	1 065.45±38.218 a	1 471.93±37.909 a	2 690.48±31.889 a	2 684.33±50.808 a	3 069.30±45.926 a
100	1 065.45±38.218 a	1 357.91±16.760 b	2 165.54±60.033 b	2 196.23±48.425 c	1 983.58±15.546 d
200	1 065.45±38.218 a	1 370.13±35.583 ab	1 732.48±70.604 c	1 915.53±24.058 d	3 023.87±32.298 a
300	1 065.45±38.218 a	1 392.14±16.439 ab	1 913.66±100.901 c	2 215.61±57.881 bc	2 468.96±52.806 c
400	1 065.45±38.218 a	1 455.49±36.576 ab	1 860.12±75.281 c	2 365.62±58.032 b	2 686.63±55.398 b

丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	POD活性 POD activity
丙二酸浓度 Malonic acid concentration/(mg·L^-1)	0 d	3 d	6 d	9 d	12 d
0	7.45±0.320 a	19.50±0.486 c	34.85±0.485 c	34.80±0.479 b	24.50±0.612 c
100	7.45±0.320 a	39.45±0.668 a	81.30±0.737 b	66.35±1.295 a	26.95±0.645 b
200	7.45±0.320 a	7.50±0.652 e	89.10±1.280 a	65.36±0.935 a	36.75±0.329 a
300	7.45±0.320 a	17.40±0.642 d	27.10±1.123 d	17.50±0.654 d	17.10±0.966 d
400	7.45±0.320 a	22.05±0.426 b	29.85±1.053 d	22.60±0.469 c	22.40±1.076 c

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