Feasibility of Auricularia cornea cultivation with bamboo sawdust instead of wood sawdust and comprehensive evaluation of quality

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.06.19

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 1416-1426.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.06.19

• Environmental Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Feasibility of Auricularia cornea cultivation with bamboo sawdust instead of wood sawdust and comprehensive evaluation of quality

YE Lei¹^,²(), ZHANG Bo¹, YANG Xuezhen¹, LI Xiaolin¹, ZHANG Xiaoping²^,^*(), TAN Wei¹^,^*()

1. Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu 610066, China
2. College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China

Received:2022-08-10 Online:2023-06-25 Published:2023-07-04

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to evaluate the feasibility of bamboo sawdust in cultivation medium of Auricularia cornea, an experiment was carried out. Four treatments with different substitution proportions of bamboo sawdust instead of wood sawdust were set, as well as the original formula as the control. The mycelium growth, yield, agronomic characteristics and amino acid composition of fruiting bodies were determined. Principal component analysis (PCA), cluster heat map, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and amino acid coefficient method were used to comprehensively evaluate the effect of different treatments on artificial cultivation of A. cornea. It was shown that replacing 8% wood sawdust with bamboo sawdust worked for the cultivation of A. cornea. Substitution of wood sawdust in the medium with bamboo sawdust could significantly (P<0.05) increase the contents of amino acid, ash, and protein in fruiting bodies, and reduce crude fiber content. Besides, when the substitution proportion was 8% to 16%, it could significantly increase the crude polysaccharides content in the fruit bodies. The fruiting bodies obtained from 5 treatments all contained 17 amino acids, of which 7 were essential. The content of essential amino acids in fruiting bodies under the experiment was higher than that of FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)/WHO (World Health Organization) model, yet lower than that of whole egg model. Lysine was the first limiting amino acid among all the essential amino acids. The lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) content of fruiting bodies under all the treatments complied with national food safety standards. In conclusion, cultivation of A. cornea with 8% bamboo sawdust instead of wood sawdust was feasible, and it could promote the accumulation of amino acids, improve the taste, and the nutritional value of protein.

Key words: Auricularia cornea, bamboo sawdust, principal component analysis, yield, nutritional ingredient, amino acid evaluation

CLC Number:

S39
S646.6

YE Lei, ZHANG Bo, YANG Xuezhen, LI Xiaolin, ZHANG Xiaoping, TAN Wei. Feasibility of Auricularia cornea cultivation with bamboo sawdust instead of wood sawdust and comprehensive evaluation of quality[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(6): 1416-1426.

Figures/Tables 9

References 29

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处理 Treatment	MGR/(cm·d^-1)	MGV	CR/%	TE/mm	SA/cm²	TDY/g
CK	0.52±0.01 a	+++	5.73±0.24 c	0.68±0.03 a	3 496.80±327.34 a	114.87±2.86 a
ZX8	0.46±0.03 ab	+++	2.38±0.59 d	0.58±0.02 ab	3 224.64±161.43 ab	113.83±2.29 a
ZX16	0.45±0.05 ab	++	2.76±0.36 d	0.60±0.05 b	2 849.94±286.42 bc	106.95±6.29 ab
ZX24	0.42±0.06 b	++	7.05±0.15 b	0.55±0.03 cd	2 459.45±475.42 c	102.85±7.65 b
ZX32	0.48±0.02 ab	+	9.22±0.86 a	0.52±0.02 d	2 459.46±308.18 c	101.63±6.23 b

处理 Treatment	MGR/(cm·d^-1)	MGV	CR/%	TE/mm	SA/cm²	TDY/g
CK	0.52±0.01 a	+++	5.73±0.24 c	0.68±0.03 a	3 496.80±327.34 a	114.87±2.86 a
ZX8	0.46±0.03 ab	+++	2.38±0.59 d	0.58±0.02 ab	3 224.64±161.43 ab	113.83±2.29 a
ZX16	0.45±0.05 ab	++	2.76±0.36 d	0.60±0.05 b	2 849.94±286.42 bc	106.95±6.29 ab
ZX24	0.42±0.06 b	++	7.05±0.15 b	0.55±0.03 cd	2 459.45±475.42 c	102.85±7.65 b
ZX32	0.48±0.02 ab	+	9.22±0.86 a	0.52±0.02 d	2 459.46±308.18 c	101.63±6.23 b

处理Treatment	灰分Ash	粗纤维Crude fiber	蛋白质Protein	粗多糖Crude polysaccharides
CK	17.15±0.05 c	421.05±17.66 a	75.19±1.13 d	25.53±0.29 b
ZX8	18.65±0.35 b	383.55±2.15 b	81.32±0.98 c	26.98±0.06 a
ZX16	18.56±0.01 b	380.38±0.16 b	80.11±0.01 c	26.81±0.06 a
ZX24	18.55±0.25 b	387.95±1.35 b	87.13±0.50 a	22.63±0.02 d
ZX32	19.45±0.05 a	353.35±16.25 c	85.10±0.42 b	24.51±0.04 c

处理Treatment	灰分Ash	粗纤维Crude fiber	蛋白质Protein	粗多糖Crude polysaccharides
CK	17.15±0.05 c	421.05±17.66 a	75.19±1.13 d	25.53±0.29 b
ZX8	18.65±0.35 b	383.55±2.15 b	81.32±0.98 c	26.98±0.06 a
ZX16	18.56±0.01 b	380.38±0.16 b	80.11±0.01 c	26.81±0.06 a
ZX24	18.55±0.25 b	387.95±1.35 b	87.13±0.50 a	22.63±0.02 d
ZX32	19.45±0.05 a	353.35±16.25 c	85.10±0.42 b	24.51±0.04 c

指标Index	CK	ZX8	ZX16	ZX24	ZX32
苏氨酸Thr/(g·kg^-1)	3.95±0.04 e	4.38±0.06 d	4.52±0.01 c	4.72±0.08 b	4.85±0.03 a
缬氨酸Val/(g·kg^-1)	3.74±0.01 c	4.15±0.05 bc	4.27±0.01 b	4.53±0.07 b	5.16±0.54 a
异亮氨酸Ile/(g·kg^-1)	2.39±0.01 d	2.68±0.01 c	2.79±0.02 b	2.95±0.07 a	2.99±0.01 a
蛋氨酸Met/(g·kg^-1)	0.48±0.12 b	0.71±0.01 a	0.73±0.01 a	0.73±0.01 a	0.69±0.01 a
亮氨酸Leu/(g·kg^-1)	4.86±0.04 e	5.34±0.09 d	5.54±0.02 c	5.88±0.08 b	6.02±0.06 a
苯丙氨酸Phe/(g·kg^-1)	1.53±0.02 e	1.71±0.01 d	1.88±0.01 c	1.93±0.04 b	2.01±0.01 a
赖氨酸Lys/(g·kg^-1)	2.63±0.06 d	2.96±0.03 c	3.08±0.03 b	3.19±0.08 a	2.99±0.09 bc
天门冬氨酸Asp/(g·kg^-1)	7.01±0.07 d	7.82±0.16 c	8.03±0.02 b	8.55±0.10 a	8.59±0.12 a
丝氨酸Ser/(g·kg^-1)	3.35±0.02 c	3.89±0.03 b	3.81±0.01 b	3.92±0.10 a	3.96±0.02 a
谷氨酸Glu/(g·kg^-1)	6.81±0.04 c	7.74±0.05 b	7.76±0.04 b	8.06±0.14 a	8.17±0.09 a
甘氨酸Gly/(g·kg^-1)	3.25±0.06 d	3.58±0.04 c	3.89±0.01 b	3.93±0.03 a	4.01±0.09 a
丙氨酸Ala/(g·kg^-1)	4.69±0.11 d	5.09±0.12 c	5.41±0.09 b	5.51±0.09 b	5.73±0.11 a
酪氨酸Tyr/(g·kg^-1)	3.39±0.08 d	3.80±0.04 c	4.11±0.11 b	4.20±0.02 ab	4.26±0.09 a
组氨酸His/(g·kg^-1)	2.58±0.09 c	2.91±0.02 b	2.99±0.01 b	3.14±0.04 a	3.22±0.05 a
精氨酸Arg/(g·kg^-1)	2.95±0.04 e	3.36±0.06 d	3.46±0.01 c	3.69±0.01 b	3.58±0.03 a
脯氨酸Pro/(g·kg^-1)	3.41±0.04 c	3.68±0.01 a	3.61±0.01 b	3.57±0.01 b	3.69±0.04 a
半胱氨酸Cys/(g·kg^-1)	3.10±0.11 c	3.18±0.16 bc	3.29±0.29 abc	3.50±0.07 a	3.49±0.07 ab
EAA/(g·kg^-1)	19.57±0.29 e	21.93±0.24 d	22.80±0.07 c	23.94±0.40 b	24.71±0.37 a
NEAA/(g·kg^-1)	40.55±0.62 d	44.95±0.67 c	46.26±0.50 b	48.08±0.70 a	48.70±0.70 a
TAA/(g·kg^-1)	60.12±0.91 e	66.88±9.12 d	69.05±0.57 c	72.01±0.86 b	73.41±0.33 a
MAA/(g·kg^-1)	24.90±0.41 d	28.08±0.29 c	29.00±0.10 b	30.37±0.44 a	30.47±0.33 a
UAA/(g·kg^-1)	24.71±0.33 d	27.61±0.44 c	28.44±0.15 b	29.74±0.36 a	30.08±0.43 a
SAA/(g·kg^-1)	21.29±0.30 d	23.48±0.27 c	24.22±0.12 b	24.86±0.38 a	25.23±0.37 a
BAA/(g·kg^-1)	18.52±0.32 e	20.86±0.24 d	21.65±0.05 c	22.85±0.22 b	23.67±0.40 a
DAA/(g·kg^-1)	53.62±0.72 e	59.90±0.72 d	61.65±0.23 c	64.31±0.84 b	65.67±0.17 a
UAA/TAA	0.411±0.001 a	0.413±0.001 a	0.412±0.002 a	0.413±0.001 a	0.409±0.004 a
SAA/TAA	0.354±0.001 a	0.351±0.001 a	0.351±0.001 a	0.345±0.001 b	0.343±0.003 b
BAA/TAA	0.308±0.001 c	0.312±0.002 bc	0.313±0.002 bc	0.317±0.001 ab	0.322±0.007 a
(UAA+SAA)/BAA	2.484±0.009 a	2.449±0.006 ab	2.431±0.006 ab	2.389±0.009 bc	2.337±0.073 c

Feasibility of Auricularia cornea cultivation with bamboo sawdust instead of wood sawdust and comprehensive evaluation of quality

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氨基酸 Amino acids	CK	ZX8	ZX16	ZX24	ZX32	FAO/WHO模式谱 FAO/WHO model	全鸡蛋模式谱 Whole egg model
苏氨酸Thr	6.56	6.56	6.55	6.56	6.60	4.00	5.10
缬氨酸Val	6.22	6.20	6.18	6.28	7.02	5.00	7.30
异亮氨酸Ile	3.97	4.00	4.03	4.09	4.07	4.00	6.60
蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸Met+Cys	5.95	5.81	5.82	5.87	5.70	3.50	5.50
亮氨酸Leu	8.09	7.99	8.02	8.17	8.20	7.00	8.80
苯丙氨酸+酪氨 Phe+Tyr	8.19	8.23	8.67	8.51	8.55	6.00	10.00
赖氨酸Lys	4.37	4.43	4.45	4.44	4.08	5.50	6.40
合计Total	43.35	43.22	43.72	43.92	44.22	35.00	49.70

氨基酸 Amino acids	CK		ZX8		ZX16		ZX24		ZX32
氨基酸 Amino acids	RAA	RC	RAA	RC	RAA	RC	RAA	RC	RAA	RC
苏氨酸Thr	1.64	1.29	1.64	1.30	1.64	1.28	1.64	1.28	1.65	1.28
缬氨酸Val	1.24	0.98	1.24	0.98	1.24	0.97	1.26	0.98	1.40	1.09
异亮氨酸Ile	0.99	0.78	1.00	0.79	1.01	0.79	1.02	0.80	1.02	0.79
蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸Met+Cys	1.70	1.34	1.66	1.31	1.66	1.30	1.68	1.31	1.63	1.26
亮氨酸Leu	1.16	0.91	1.14	0.90	1.15	0.90	1.17	0.91	1.17	0.91
苯丙氨酸+酪氨 Phe+Tyr	1.37	1.07	1.37	1.08	1.45	1.13	1.42	1.10	1.43	1.10
赖氨酸Lys	0.79	0.63	0.81	0.64	0.81	0.63	0.81	0.63	0.74	0.57

指标Index	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4	PC5
特征值Eigenvalue	21.59	2.62	1.91	0.82	0.62
方差贡献率Variance contribution rate/%	74.46	9.03	6.59	2.83	2.14
累积方差贡献率Cumulative variance contribution rate/%	74.46	83.49	90.08	92.91	95.05
苏氨酸Thr	0.215	-0.011	0.021	—	—
缬氨酸Val	0.177	-0.045	0.313	—	—
异亮氨酸Ile	0.213	-0.039	0.002	—	—
蛋氨酸Met	0.165	0.218	-0.250	—	—
亮氨酸Leu	0.213	-0.071	0.035	—	—
苯丙氨酸Phe	0.210	-0.016	0.048	—	—
赖氨酸Lys	0.184	0.028	-0.330	—	—
天门冬氨酸Asp	0.213	-0.049	-0.036	—	—
丝氨酸Ser	0.207	0.079	-0.071	—	—
谷氨酸Glu	0.211	0.066	-0.053	—	—
甘氨酸Gly	0.213	-0.029	-0.009	—	—
丙氨酸Ala	0.210	0.006	0.062	—	—
酪氨酸Tyr	0.209	0.013	-0.038	—	—
组氨酸His	0.214	0.001	-0.012	—	—
精氨酸Arg	0.208	-0.027	-0.165	—	—
脯氨酸Pro	0.166	0.354	0.038	—	—
半胱氨酸Cys	0.164	-0.182	0.061	—	—
总氨基酸TAA	0.215	-0.006	0.002	—	—
灰分Ash	0.196	0.179	0.135	—	—
粗纤维Crude fiber	-0.183	-0.211	-0.136	—	—
蛋白质Protein	0.194	-0.146	-0.102	—	—
粗多糖Crude polysaccharides	-0.095	0.547	0.041	—	—
铅Pb	0.068	0.390	0.472	—	—
镉Cd	0.210	0.025	0.083	—	—
MGR	-0.102	-0.066	0.489	—	—
CR	0.088	-0.424	0.383	—	—
TE	-0.189	-0.016	-0.067	—	—
SA	-0.171	0.142	-0.069	—	—
TDY	-0.143	0.119	0.077	—	—

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