Study on the extraction processing and antioxidant activities of saponins from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua roots

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230718

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 1144-1152.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230718

• Food Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Study on the extraction processing and antioxidant activities of saponins from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua roots

LIU Chenxing(), CAO Yan, XIA Qile^*()

Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China

Received:2023-06-05 Online:2024-05-25 Published:2024-05-29

Abstract

Abstract:

The roots of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua have long been considered as by-product with low value, and few relevant studies have been reported. This study aims to clarify the desirable extraction process of saponins from the roots of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua and evaluate the antioxidant activities of the obtained saponins. Response surface analysis presented that the optimum extraction method was 72% ethanol, 1:25 g·mL^-1, and 41 min. The relationship between Y (extraction rate) and factor A (ethanol volume fraction), factor B (solid-liquid ratio), factor C (extraction time) was presented as Y=5.58+0.516 2A+0.078 8B+0.05C-0.02AB-0.007 5AC-0.002 5BC-1.38A²-0.439 5B²-0.257C². The peak of saponins extraction was 5.62%, which is very close to the estimated peak (5.628%). Antioxidant test exhibited that saponins have good antioxidant activities with 0.87 mg·mL^-1 IC_{50 DPPH} and 0.68 mg·mL^-1 IC_{50 ABTS}. Overall, the saponins in the roots of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua have considerable potential in use. This study can provide an important reference basis for the comprehensive utilization of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, as well as other by-products.

Key words: Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, saponins, extraction rate, antioxidant activity

CLC Number:

TS218

LIU Chenxing, CAO Yan, XIA Qile. Study on the extraction processing and antioxidant activities of saponins from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua roots[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(5): 1144-1152.

Figures/Tables 12

Table 1 Response surface experimental design

水平 Level	因素Factor
水平 Level	乙醇体积分数 Ethanol volume fraction/%	料液比 Solid-liquid ratio/(g·mL^-1)	提取时间 Extraction time/min
-1	60	1:20	35
0	70	1:25	40
1	80	1:30	45

Fig.1 The standard curve of saponin content

Fig.2 Effect of different ethanol volume fraction on the extraction rate of saponins

Fig.3 Effect of different solid-liquid ratios on the extraction rate of saponins

Fig.4 Effect of different extraction time on the extraction rate of saponins

Table 2 Response surface test results

编号 No.	A	B	C	提取率 Extraction rate/%
1	0	0	0	5.56
2	-1	1	0	3.37
3	0	0	0	5.62
4	1	0	1	4.55
5	-1	0	1	3.47
6	0	0	0	5.59
7	0	1	-1	4.94
8	0	-1	-1	4.76
9	0	1	1	5.01
10	-1	-1	0	3.19
11	0	-1	1	4.84
12	1	-1	0	4.20
13	0	0	0	5.59
14	-1	0	-1	3.33
15	1	1	0	4.30
16	0	0	0	5.56
17	1	0	-1	4.44

Fig.5 Interaction of ethanol volume fractions and solid-liquid ratios A, 3D response surface map; B, Contour map.The same as in Figure 5-7.

Fig.6 Interaction of ethanol volume fractions and extraction time

Fig.7 Interaction of solid-liquid ratios and extraction time

Table 3 Significance test of the coefficients of the regression equation

来源 Source	自由度 Degree of freedom	平方和 Sum of square	均方 Mean square	F值 F value	P值 P value
模型	9	11.87	1.32	756.83	<0.000 1
A	1	2.13	2.13	1 223.84	<0.000 1
B	1	0.049 6	0.049 6	28.48	0.001 1
C	1	0.020 0	0.020 0	11.48	0.011 6
AB	1	0.001 6	0.001 6	0.918 4	0.369 8
AC	1	0.000 2	0.000 2	0.129 2	0.729 9
BC	1	0.000 0	0.000 0	0.014 4	0.908 0
A²	1	8.01	8.01	4 599.35	<0.000 1
B²	1	0.813 3	0.813 3	466.84	<0.000 1
C²	1	0.278 1	0.278 1	159.63	<0.000 1
失拟项Lack of fit	3	0.009 7	0.003 2	5.12	0.074 3
误差Error	4	0.002 5	0.000 6
总和Sum	16	11.88

Fig.8 DPPH scavenging rate (A) and comperison of samples and positive control (B) fitting curve Red line stands for positive control (VC), black line stands for samples in Fig (A). The same as below.

Fig.9 ABTS scavenging rate (A) and comparison of samples and positive control (B) fitting curve

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Study on the extraction processing and antioxidant activities of saponins from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua roots

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