Interannual stability of main traits for Camellia oleifera Abel.

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250004

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (8): 1624-1633.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250004

• Crop Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Interannual stability of main traits for Camellia oleifera Abel.

CAO Yongqing(), YAO Xiaohua, WANG Kailiang, REN Huadong

Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China

Received:2025-01-02 Online:2025-08-25 Published:2025-09-03

Abstract

Abstract:

To explores the interannual stability of main traits for Camellia oleifera Abel. and provide reference for regional cultivars evaluation and screening, 25 cultivars(clones) were selected to study the annual changes of 9 main traits, including initial time of flowering, blooming stage, yield, single fresh fruit weight(single fruit weight), ratio of seed to fresh fruit, single seed weight, ratio of dry kernel to seed, oil rate of kernel, oleic acid content, for three consecutive years from 2020 to 2022. The interannual variation characters of different traits were analyzed and interannual stability of different cultivars were evaluated by grey relation analysis. The result showed that the different cultivars showed obviously different traits on initial time of flowering and blooming stage, and the interannual coefficient of variation(CV) of initial time of flowering and blooming stage were 14.00%-84.84% and 0-62.73%, respectively. And a significant correlation was found between the initial time of flowering and the blooming stage. The earlier the initial of flowering, the shorter the blooming stage; the later the initial of flowering stage, the longer the blooming stage. The yield was also obviously different and the interannual CV was between 15.51% and 128.21%, the average value was 60.43%; The average interannual CV of single fruit weight, ratio of seed to fresh fruit, single seed weight, and ratio of dry kernel to seed were 23.17%, 9.78%, 37.35% and 5.41%, respectively. The oil rate of kernel and oleic acid content of 25 clones were 36.30%-53.08% and 77.97%-82.90%, and their average interannual CV were 11.77% and 3.56%, respectively. And significant correlations were found among the traits. The average interannual CV of 9 traits was ranked as follows: yield>initial time of flowering, blooming stage, single seed weight>single fruit weight>ratio of seed to fresh fruit, the oil rate of kernel>ratio of dry kernel to seed>oleic acid content. CL55, CL53, and CL21 had the best interannual stability, while GL12, GL9, and XL27 had the worst interannual stability.

Key words: Camellia oleifera Abel., clone, interannual stability, initial time of flowering, blooming stage, coefficient of variation, grey relation analysis

CLC Number:

S794.4

CAO Yongqing, YAO Xiaohua, WANG Kailiang, REN Huadong. Interannual stability of main traits for Camellia oleifera Abel.[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(8): 1624-1633.

Figures/Tables 10

References 24

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无性系 Clone	缩写 Abbreviation	无性系 Clone	缩写 Abbreviation
长林3号 Changlin 3	CL3	赣12 Gan 12	GL12
长林4号 Changlin 4	CL4	杂交31 Cross 31	C31
长林18号 Changlin 18	CL18	杂交32 Cross 32	C32
长林21号 Changlin 21	CL21	杂交42 Cross 42	C42
长林23号 Changlin 23	CL23	杂交43 Cross 43	C43
长林27号 Changlin 27	CL27	杂交53 Cross 53	C53
长林40号 Changlin 40	CL40	湘林3 Xianglin 3	XL3
长林53号 Changlin 53	CL53	湘林4 Xianglin 4	XL4
长林55号 Changlin 55	CL55	湘林5 Xianglin 5	XL5
长林166号 Changlin 166	CL166	湘林6 Xianglin 6	XL6
赣4 Gan 4	GL4	湘林9 Xianglin 9	XL9
赣5 Gan 5	GL5	湘林27 Xianglin 27	XL27
赣9 Gan 9	GL9

无性系 Clone	缩写 Abbreviation	无性系 Clone	缩写 Abbreviation
长林3号 Changlin 3	CL3	赣12 Gan 12	GL12
长林4号 Changlin 4	CL4	杂交31 Cross 31	C31
长林18号 Changlin 18	CL18	杂交32 Cross 32	C32
长林21号 Changlin 21	CL21	杂交42 Cross 42	C42
长林23号 Changlin 23	CL23	杂交43 Cross 43	C43
长林27号 Changlin 27	CL27	杂交53 Cross 53	C53
长林40号 Changlin 40	CL40	湘林3 Xianglin 3	XL3
长林53号 Changlin 53	CL53	湘林4 Xianglin 4	XL4
长林55号 Changlin 55	CL55	湘林5 Xianglin 5	XL5
长林166号 Changlin 166	CL166	湘林6 Xianglin 6	XL6
赣4 Gan 4	GL4	湘林9 Xianglin 9	XL9
赣5 Gan 5	GL5	湘林27 Xianglin 27	XL27
赣9 Gan 9	GL9

无性系 Clone	始花期Initial time of flowering			平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV/%	盛花期Blooming stage/d			平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV/%
无性系 Clone	2020	2021	2022	平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV/%	2020	2021	2022	平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV/%
CL3	24.00	36.00	46.00	35.33	31.17	24.00	24.00	24.00	24.00	0
CL4	23.00	36.00	48.00	35.67	35.06	24.00	46.00	23.00	31.00	41.94
CL18	16.00	16.00	34.00	22.00	47.24	22.00	29.00	18.00	23.00	24.21
CL21	1.00	21.00	29.00	17.00	84.84	33.00	26.00	39.00	32.67	19.92
CL23	16.00	31.00	33.00	26.67	34.84	20.00	12.00	22.00	18.00	29.40
CL27	21.00	43.00	50.00	38.00	39.82	24.00	35.00	22.00	27.00	25.93
CL40	29.00	41.00	48.00	39.33	24.43	18.00	45.00	31.00	31.33	43.09
CL53	24.00	39.00	33.00	32.00	23.59	13.00	18.00	24.00	18.33	30.04
CL55	1.00	21.00	29.00	17.00	84.84	32.00	19.00	23.00	24.67	26.99
CL166	24.00	36.00	44.00	34.67	29.04	23.00	24.00	28.00	25.00	10.58
GL4	39.00	55.00	50.00	48.00	17.05	18.00	29.00	23.00	23.33	23.60
GL5	43.00	71.00	68.00	60.67	25.34	13.00	43.00	28.00	28.00	53.57
GL9	43.00	71.00	67.00	60.33	25.10	12.00	35.00	30.00	25.67	47.13
GL12	45.00	71.00	60.00	58.67	22.25	10.00	35.00	30.00	25.00	52.92
C31	31.00	41.00	38.00	36.67	14.00	15.00	29.00	24.00	22.67	31.30
C32	35.00	53.00	48.00	45.33	20.50	20.00	31.00	23.00	24.67	23.05
C42	20.00	26.00	44.00	30.00	41.63	17.00	29.00	17.00	21.00	32.99
C43	28.00	36.00	54.00	39.33	33.86	18.00	30.00	20.00	22.67	28.36
C53	22.00	36.00	58.00	38.67	46.93	12.00	31.00	25.00	22.67	42.85
XL3	38.00	55.00	58.00	50.33	21.43	15.00	39.00	28.00	27.33	43.95
XL4	26.00	49.00	50.00	41.67	32.58	24.00	34.00	17.00	25.00	34.18
XL5	46.00	65.00	62.00	57.67	17.71	24.00	47.00	28.00	33.00	37.24
XL6	26.00	41.00	54.00	40.33	34.74	25.00	46.00	23.00	31.33	40.66
XL9	22.00	41.00	36.00	33.00	29.85	24.00	16.00	18.00	19.33	21.53
XL27	28.00	30.00	44.00	34.00	25.64	19.00	54.00	21.00	31.33	62.73
平均值Mean	26.84	42.44	47.4	38.89	33.74	19.96	32.24	24.36	25.52	33.13

无性系 Clone	始花期Initial time of flowering			平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV/%	盛花期Blooming stage/d			平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV/%
无性系 Clone	2020	2021	2022	平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV/%	2020	2021	2022	平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV/%
CL3	24.00	36.00	46.00	35.33	31.17	24.00	24.00	24.00	24.00	0
CL4	23.00	36.00	48.00	35.67	35.06	24.00	46.00	23.00	31.00	41.94
CL18	16.00	16.00	34.00	22.00	47.24	22.00	29.00	18.00	23.00	24.21
CL21	1.00	21.00	29.00	17.00	84.84	33.00	26.00	39.00	32.67	19.92
CL23	16.00	31.00	33.00	26.67	34.84	20.00	12.00	22.00	18.00	29.40
CL27	21.00	43.00	50.00	38.00	39.82	24.00	35.00	22.00	27.00	25.93
CL40	29.00	41.00	48.00	39.33	24.43	18.00	45.00	31.00	31.33	43.09
CL53	24.00	39.00	33.00	32.00	23.59	13.00	18.00	24.00	18.33	30.04
CL55	1.00	21.00	29.00	17.00	84.84	32.00	19.00	23.00	24.67	26.99
CL166	24.00	36.00	44.00	34.67	29.04	23.00	24.00	28.00	25.00	10.58
GL4	39.00	55.00	50.00	48.00	17.05	18.00	29.00	23.00	23.33	23.60
GL5	43.00	71.00	68.00	60.67	25.34	13.00	43.00	28.00	28.00	53.57
GL9	43.00	71.00	67.00	60.33	25.10	12.00	35.00	30.00	25.67	47.13
GL12	45.00	71.00	60.00	58.67	22.25	10.00	35.00	30.00	25.00	52.92
C31	31.00	41.00	38.00	36.67	14.00	15.00	29.00	24.00	22.67	31.30
C32	35.00	53.00	48.00	45.33	20.50	20.00	31.00	23.00	24.67	23.05
C42	20.00	26.00	44.00	30.00	41.63	17.00	29.00	17.00	21.00	32.99
C43	28.00	36.00	54.00	39.33	33.86	18.00	30.00	20.00	22.67	28.36
C53	22.00	36.00	58.00	38.67	46.93	12.00	31.00	25.00	22.67	42.85
XL3	38.00	55.00	58.00	50.33	21.43	15.00	39.00	28.00	27.33	43.95
XL4	26.00	49.00	50.00	41.67	32.58	24.00	34.00	17.00	25.00	34.18
XL5	46.00	65.00	62.00	57.67	17.71	24.00	47.00	28.00	33.00	37.24
XL6	26.00	41.00	54.00	40.33	34.74	25.00	46.00	23.00	31.33	40.66
XL9	22.00	41.00	36.00	33.00	29.85	24.00	16.00	18.00	19.33	21.53
XL27	28.00	30.00	44.00	34.00	25.64	19.00	54.00	21.00	31.33	62.73
平均值Mean	26.84	42.44	47.4	38.89	33.74	19.96	32.24	24.36	25.52	33.13

无性系 Clone	单株产量 Yield per plant		单果重 Fresh fruit weight		鲜果出籽率 Ratio of seed to fresh fruit		单籽重 Single seed weight		干籽出仁率 Ratio of dry kernel to seed
无性系 Clone	平均值 Mean/kg	变异系数 CV/%	平均值 Mean/g	变异系数 CV/%	平均值 Mean/%	变异系数 CV/%	平均值 Mean/g	变异系数 CV/%	平均值 Mean/%	变异系数 CV/%
CL3	5.04	28.61	14.61	31.25	47.32	10.15	2.52	25.58	59.72	2.13
CL4	2.67	18.61	20.99	14.60	39.16	3.72	2.99	23.31	63.53	4.82
CL18	2.56	73.93	25.06	8.49	46.38	5.97	2.89	6.66	68.73	1.54
CL21	2.66	47.42	20.26	10.86	41.70	9.33	2.58	14.92	67.63	1.31
CL23	5.83	54.27	22.31	35.25	41.01	8.70	1.89	40.66	70.89	3.82
CL27	4.27	52.09	23.31	9.58	46.30	3.11	3.70	3.91	67.66	3.63
CL40	2.18	57.48	14.37	20.25	34.99	12.97	2.90	29.92	70.19	2.91
CL53	2.29	15.51	23.17	23.05	48.85	3.95	4.10	29.70	64.55	2.37
CL55	3.13	29.52	15.47	19.51	40.30	5.51	2.63	6.15	68.56	2.95
CL166	2.36	55.36	11.65	23.45	35.74	11.65	3.14	48.70	66.29	9.00
GL4	7.73	128.21	20.17	32.28	35.25	18.47	1.63	61.69	60.76	2.13
GL5	5.07	71.25	20.21	40.42	45.61	16.99	2.91	60.59	64.33	4.35
GL9	5.28	93.08	18.29	31.71	38.93	24.41	1.99	66.44	66.68	6.84
GL12	0.97	100.41	13.32	41.75	28.22	18.38	1.88	66.12	52.83	6.94
C31	10.87	42.17	17.99	23.01	47.00	9.13	1.40	54.86	63.81	13.62
C32	4.42	116.67	13.36	24.20	46.97	6.30	2.18	37.18	71.65	3.89
C42	5.27	44.78	21.30	23.58	49.77	8.43	3.21	31.31	67.27	2.77
C43	5.03	66.29	15.69	19.24	51.06	2.38	3.06	36.14	64.26	7.11
C53	5.80	41.09	23.79	9.94	49.08	0.35	5.77	19.79	56.58	10.54
XL3	3.55	57.34	23.56	46.16	47.27	17.11	3.39	74.99	51.60	14.36
XL4	3.04	74.15	17.56	13.31	44.10	6.22	2.04	36.94	69.17	0.32
XL5	3.22	65.6	18.25	32.37	38.62	14.34	2.47	64.77	61.74	6.75
XL6	3.71	38.81	20.14	16.82	41.43	2.45	3.00	7.70	61.71	5.65
XL9	2.48	60.48	20.02	11.22	38.21	11.40	2.73	48.66	63.15	7.41
XL27	3.60	77.69	16.46	17.07	33.06	13.12	2.48	37.13	69.24	8.21
平均值	4.12	60.43	18.85	23.17	42.25	9.78	2.78	37.35	64.50	5.41
Mean

Interannual stability of main traits for Camellia oleifera Abel.

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无性系 Clone	种仁含油率 Oil rate of kernel		油酸含量 Oleic acid content
无性系 Clone	平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV	平均值 Mean	变异系数 CV
CL3	49.86	13.05	79.00	4.60
CL4	48.64	13.77	80.43	3.15
CL18	48.11	5.64	80.73	3.00
CL21	48.70	2.00	81.13	1.35
CL23	49.85	6.77	82.20	1.17
CL27	42.41	9.36	78.30	4.79
CL40	47.96	11.75	81.17	2.76
CL53	39.85	16.58	79.10	4.63
CL55	53.08	1.37	82.67	1.01
CL166	45.80	19.74	79.73	3.73
GL4	51.37	7.97	80.27	4.15
GL5	49.50	12.12	77.97	4.64
GL9	45.36	15.31	79.10	5.26
GL12	45.52	14.66	79.93	4.08
C31	45.54	11.14	79.90	4.15
C32	48.38	13.23	79.10	5.81
C42	40.88	13.18	78.90	3.90
C43	41.13	19.67	78.73	3.86
C53	36.30	12.56	78.07	5.06
XL3	39.55	18.32	79.40	3.73
XL4	49.38	1.28	82.90	2.29
XL5	47.57	16.24	81.97	2.13
XL6	47.93	11.26	80.87	3.07
XL9	43.43	4.39	81.57	0.50
XL27	49.84	22.88	78.50	6.23
平均值	46.24	11.77	80.07	3.56
Mean

花期物候 Flowering phenology	产量 Yield	单果重 Single fruit weight	鲜果出籽率 Ratio of seed to fresh fruit	单籽重 Single seed weight	干籽出仁率 Ratio of dry kernel to seed	种仁含油率 Oil rate of kernel	油酸含量 Oleic acid content
始花期	-0.201	-0.450^**	-0.397^**	-0.458^**	-0.264	0.123	0.088
Initial time of flowering
盛花期	-0.327	-0.392^**	-0.409^**	-0.416^**	0.152	0.525^**	0.437^**
Blooming stage

性状 Trait	产量 Yield	单果重 Single fruit weight	鲜果出籽率 Ratio of seed to fresh fruit	单籽重 Single seed weight	干籽出仁率 Ratio of dry kernel to seed	种仁含油率 Oil rate of kernel
单果重Single fruit weight	0.241^*
鲜果出籽率Ratio of seed to fresh fruit	0.318^**	0.554^**
单籽重Single seed weight	-0.012	0.570^**	0.537^**
干籽出仁率Ratio of dry kernel to seed	0.056	-0.063	0.046	-0.233^*
种仁含油率Oil rate of kernel	-0.150	-0.311^*	-0.365^**	-0.567^**	0.455^*
油酸含量Oleic acid content	-0.335^**	-0.080	-0.184	-0.281^*	0.252^*	0.539^**

无性系 Clone	加权关联度 Weighted correlation degree	排序 Ranking
CL3	0.644 2	6
CL4	0.659 7	5
CL18	0.639 5	8
CL21	0.671 5	3
CL23	0.598 9	11
CL27	0.640 8	7
CL40	0.564 4	14
CL53	0.685 3	2
CL55	0.709 3	1
CL166	0.516 6	18
GL4	0.510 2	19
GL5	0.498 6	21
GL9	0.444 1	25
GL12	0.449 7	23
C31	0.546 8	16
C32	0.523 7	17
C42	0.591 2	12
C43	0.555 5	15
C53	0.615 7	10
XL3	0.459 3	22
XL4	0.663 4	4
XL5	0.502 1	20
XL6	0.635 1	9
XL9	0.590 8	13
XL27	0.446 3	24

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