Effects of different basal fertilizers and topdressing fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of pineapple

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.06.12

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 1217-1226.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.06.12

• Horticultural Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of different basal fertilizers and topdressing fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of pineapple

ZHU Shijun¹(), JIN Shuquan¹, YAO Hongyan¹, XU Zhihao¹, LUO Youjun², CHEN Ruoxia^*()

1. Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo 315101, Zhejiang, China
2. Ningbo Haiheshi Modern Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Ningbo 315035, Zhejiang, China

Received:2022-03-10 Online:2022-06-25 Published:2022-06-30
Contact: CHEN Ruoxia

Abstract

Abstract:

To clarify the effects of different basal fertilizers and topdressing fertilizers on the growth, yield and fruit quality of pineapples in Ningbo, Tainong 17 was selected as the material, and the basal fertilizer experiments and topdressing fertilizer experiments were carried out respectively to determine the best fertilization mode for pineapple. Four fertilizer treatments of NPK compound fertilizer, “Jinjiu”controlled release fertilizer, sheep excreta+NPK compound fertilizer, “Wofengkang” biological organic fertilizer+NPK compound fertilizer, with three gradients of 100% N, 75% N and 50% N were set up for basal fertilizer experiment. And control treatment CK1 with no basal fertilizer applied was added. A total of 4 treatments including T1 (flower-promoting fertilizer + flowering fertilizer + fruiting fertilizer), T2 (flowering fertilizer + fruiting fertilizer), T3 (flower-promoting fertilizer + fruiting fertilizer) and control treatment CK2 were carried out in topdressing fertilizer experiments. The results showed that the growth, yield and fruit quality of pineapple with 11 250 kg·hm^-2 sheep excreta+1 875 kg·hm^-2 NPK compound fertilizer applied were the best. Based on the data of 135 days after transplanting, the leaf tip height of pineapple increased by 28.25%, number of leaves increased by 59.09%, the maximum leaf length and width increased by 16.00% and 42.55%, respectively. The yield of pineapple was 58.62 t·hm^-2, with increase of 20.22% compared with CK1. Average fruit weight was (1.86±0.32) kg, fruit length and diameter of fruit and core were (231.47±44.28) mm, (125.62±33.24) mm and (41.16±4.13) mm, respectively. In addition, fruit quality of the treatment was also better than other treatment. The value of soluble solids was (12.6±0.4)%, titratable acid was (0.50±0.11)%, and of vitamin C was (29.1±6.7) mg·kg^-1. Furthermore, At 75% N level or 50% N level, some better indicators were observed in the treatment of “Wofengkang” bio-organic fertilizer + NPK compound fertilizer. As top dressing fertilizer part, various pineapple indexes of T1 treatment were higher than other treatments. Leaf tip height, total number of leaves, maximum leaf length and width after top dressing increased by 20.18%, 184.87%, 21.95% and 61.25% respectively, comparing with that before fertilizer applied. And the yield increased by 6.62% compared with CK2. Average fruit weight was (1.62±0.33) kg, and fruit length and diameter of fruit and core were (183.52±29.35) mm, (123.58±15.68) mm and (40.58±8.39) mm, respectively. Soluble solids of pineapple was (13.1±0.9)%, titratable acid was (0.47±0.12)%, and vitamin C was (28.9±3.2) mg·kg^-1. This study showed the best fertilization methods for native pineapples in Ningbo: 11 250 kg·hm^-2 sheep manure + 1 875 kg·hm^-2 NPK compound fertilizer as basal fertilizer, with some bio-organic fertilizer added, and flower-promoting fertilizer, flowering fertilizer and fruiting fertilizer top-dressed.

Key words: pineapple, basal fertilizer, top dressing, yield, organic fertilizer

CLC Number:

S668.3

ZHU Shijun, JIN Shuquan, YAO Hongyan, XU Zhihao, LUO Youjun, CHEN Ruoxia. Effects of different basal fertilizers and topdressing fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of pineapple[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(6): 1217-1226.

Figures/Tables 6

References 32

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处理Treatment	叶尖高度 Tip height		叶片数 Number of leaves		最大叶尺寸 Size of the largest leaf				产量 Yield/（t·hm^-2）	较CK1增产Increase in production compared with CK1/%
处理Treatment	株高Height/mm	变化率Rate of change/%	叶片数 Number of leaves	变化率Rate of change/%	叶长 Leaf length/mm	变化率Rate of change/%	叶宽 Leaf width/mm	变化率Rate of change/%	产量 Yield/（t·hm^-2）	较CK1增产Increase in production compared with CK1/%
CK1	51.18±7.48 b	1.74	18.3±1.8 b	19.02	53.40±0.84 b	1.33	4.47±0.21 b	13.45	48.76	—
F1	71.44±5.42 a	14.43	25.3±4.1 a	39.18	68.20±4.55 a	12.39	6.07±0.58 a	47.33	56.34	15.55
F2	64.94±5.16 b	4.52	38.0±3.3 a	61.02	67.23±6.78 a	8.02	5.03±0.42 a	10.31	53.15	9.00
F3	58.06±6.75 b	1.86	21.7±1.2 b	44.47	66.37±1.96 a	18.48	5.77±0.33 a	19.21	51.21	5.02
J1	69.02±2.21 a	9.09	30.7±2.9 a	33.35	67.30±2.65 a	11.17	5.77±0.46 a	22.25	52.83	8.35
J2	66.20±6.70 a	2.48	28.7±2.9 a	35.24	69.17±2.80 a	10.67	6.00±0.59 a	22.95	51.98	6.60
J3	59.48±5.10 b	1.68	27.3±28.8 a	43.84	57.53±4.91 a	8.92	5.47±0.74 a	19.96	49.20	0.90
YF1	63.85±2.70 b	28.25	28.0±2.7 a	59.09	28.0±2.70 a	16.00	5.93±0.50 a	42.55	58.62	20.22
YF2	58.62±5.32 b	13.60	27.7±2.2 a	50.80	27.7±2.20 a	7.58	5.37±0.12 a	42.86	55.33	13.47
YF3	62.26±7.44 b	7.16	23.7±2.2 b	49.81	23.7±2.22 b	6.45	5.00±0.08 a	13.29	53.61	9.95
WF1	70.40±4.31 a	22.58	32.0±3.0 a	60.00	32.0±3.00 a	5.84	4.53±0.21 b	33.51	58.14	19.24
WF2	62.44±6.22 b	16.86	27.0±2.7 a	50.00	27.0±2.75 a	15.43	5.10±0.08 a	31.68	56.67	16.22
WF3	62.64±3.53 b	6.95	30.3±1.4 a	29.62	30.3±1.40 a	9.56	5.03±0.87 a	13.25	54.91	12.61

处理Treatment	叶尖高度 Tip height		叶片数 Number of leaves		最大叶尺寸 Size of the largest leaf				产量 Yield/（t·hm^-2）	较CK1增产Increase in production compared with CK1/%
处理Treatment	株高Height/mm	变化率Rate of change/%	叶片数 Number of leaves	变化率Rate of change/%	叶长 Leaf length/mm	变化率Rate of change/%	叶宽 Leaf width/mm	变化率Rate of change/%	产量 Yield/（t·hm^-2）	较CK1增产Increase in production compared with CK1/%
CK1	51.18±7.48 b	1.74	18.3±1.8 b	19.02	53.40±0.84 b	1.33	4.47±0.21 b	13.45	48.76	—
F1	71.44±5.42 a	14.43	25.3±4.1 a	39.18	68.20±4.55 a	12.39	6.07±0.58 a	47.33	56.34	15.55
F2	64.94±5.16 b	4.52	38.0±3.3 a	61.02	67.23±6.78 a	8.02	5.03±0.42 a	10.31	53.15	9.00
F3	58.06±6.75 b	1.86	21.7±1.2 b	44.47	66.37±1.96 a	18.48	5.77±0.33 a	19.21	51.21	5.02
J1	69.02±2.21 a	9.09	30.7±2.9 a	33.35	67.30±2.65 a	11.17	5.77±0.46 a	22.25	52.83	8.35
J2	66.20±6.70 a	2.48	28.7±2.9 a	35.24	69.17±2.80 a	10.67	6.00±0.59 a	22.95	51.98	6.60
J3	59.48±5.10 b	1.68	27.3±28.8 a	43.84	57.53±4.91 a	8.92	5.47±0.74 a	19.96	49.20	0.90
YF1	63.85±2.70 b	28.25	28.0±2.7 a	59.09	28.0±2.70 a	16.00	5.93±0.50 a	42.55	58.62	20.22
YF2	58.62±5.32 b	13.60	27.7±2.2 a	50.80	27.7±2.20 a	7.58	5.37±0.12 a	42.86	55.33	13.47
YF3	62.26±7.44 b	7.16	23.7±2.2 b	49.81	23.7±2.22 b	6.45	5.00±0.08 a	13.29	53.61	9.95
WF1	70.40±4.31 a	22.58	32.0±3.0 a	60.00	32.0±3.00 a	5.84	4.53±0.21 b	33.51	58.14	19.24
WF2	62.44±6.22 b	16.86	27.0±2.7 a	50.00	27.0±2.75 a	15.43	5.10±0.08 a	31.68	56.67	16.22
WF3	62.64±3.53 b	6.95	30.3±1.4 a	29.62	30.3±1.40 a	9.56	5.03±0.87 a	13.25	54.91	12.61

处理 Treatment	单果重Single fruit weight/kg	果实尺寸Fruit size /mm
处理 Treatment	单果重Single fruit weight/kg	果高Fruit height	直径Fruit diameter	芯径Core diameter
CK1	1.26±0.13	160.32±25.65	111.13±14.38	41.90±2.59
F1	1.62±0.09	198.85±41.38	121.37±11.58	42.30±1.59
F2	1.53±0.14	180.39±54.21	119.78±16.27	40.13±2.57
F3	1.39±0.23	168.68±25.13	113.25±10.35	38.21±3.25
J1	1.57±0.11	196.82±33.58	120.50±14.36	41.90±1.55
J2	1.49±0.27	183.58±48.29	112.57±12.34	40.31±2.26
J3	1.37±0.24	168.62±23.24	109.64±22.27	39.87±3.35
YF1	1.86±0.32	231.47±44.28	125.62±33.24	41.16±4.13
YF2	1.66±0.29	218.57±35.68	120.13±27.16	39.72±3.29
YF3	1.58±0.24	193.52±14.28	118.52±11.37	38.77±2.95
WF1	1.83±0.29	225.93±21.17	124.37±28.15	40.13±3.65
WF2	1.71±0.38	216.39±17.36	121.95±21.08	39.08±4.13
WF3	1.60±0.21	189.27±13.28	117.13±14.26	38.76±1.36

处理 Treatment	单果重Single fruit weight/kg	果实尺寸Fruit size /mm
处理 Treatment	单果重Single fruit weight/kg	果高Fruit height	直径Fruit diameter	芯径Core diameter
CK1	1.26±0.13	160.32±25.65	111.13±14.38	41.90±2.59
F1	1.62±0.09	198.85±41.38	121.37±11.58	42.30±1.59
F2	1.53±0.14	180.39±54.21	119.78±16.27	40.13±2.57
F3	1.39±0.23	168.68±25.13	113.25±10.35	38.21±3.25
J1	1.57±0.11	196.82±33.58	120.50±14.36	41.90±1.55
J2	1.49±0.27	183.58±48.29	112.57±12.34	40.31±2.26
J3	1.37±0.24	168.62±23.24	109.64±22.27	39.87±3.35
YF1	1.86±0.32	231.47±44.28	125.62±33.24	41.16±4.13
YF2	1.66±0.29	218.57±35.68	120.13±27.16	39.72±3.29
YF3	1.58±0.24	193.52±14.28	118.52±11.37	38.77±2.95
WF1	1.83±0.29	225.93±21.17	124.37±28.15	40.13±3.65
WF2	1.71±0.38	216.39±17.36	121.95±21.08	39.08±4.13
WF3	1.60±0.21	189.27±13.28	117.13±14.26	38.76±1.36

处理Treatment	可溶性固形物Soluble solids/%		可滴定酸Titratable acid /%	维生素C Vitamin C/（mg·kg^-1）	水果硬度Fruit firmness/(kg·cm^-2)
处理Treatment	果肉Pulp	果芯Core	可滴定酸Titratable acid /%	维生素C Vitamin C/（mg·kg^-1）	果肉Pulp	果芯Core
CK1	11.1±0.4	6.9±0.4	0.58±0.08	26.9±3.8	2.36±0.00	7.31±0.00
F1	11.9±0.5	7.3±0.3	0.52±0.04	27.8±4.6	2.30±0.01	7.32±0.01
F2	12.0±0.6	7.1±0.2	0.53±0.05	27.3±1.2	2.33±0.05	7.31±0.02
F3	11.5±0.4	7.0±0.1	0.57±0.06	26.8±6.3	2.34±0.04	7.30±0.01
J1	12.3±0.4	7.3±0.1	0.59±0.10	27.9±5.5	2.30±0.07	7.28±0.01
J2	12.0±0.8	7.3±0.3	0.53±0.08	28.3±3.6	2.37±0.08	7.29±0.02
J3	11.9±0.4	7.2±0.4	0.55±0.07	27.1±2.7	2.33±0.02	7.31±0.01
YF1	12.6±0.4	7.2±0.2	0.50±0.11	29.1±6.7	2.34±0.05	7.26±0.02
YF2	12.3±0.7	7.4±0.1	0.48±0.13	28.8±5.2	2.20±0.01	7.28±0.01
YF3	12.2±0.7	7.3±0.2	0.52±0.08	28.3±3.6	2.25±0.04	7.29±0.01
WF1	12.5±0.4	7.3±0.1	0.49±0.07	29.5±3.6	2.27±0.04	7.30±0.02
WF2	12.2±0.7	7.2±0.3	0.51±0.08	29.1±2.8	2.30±0.02	7.30±0.01
WF3	12.3±0.6	7.1±0.2	0.52±0.04	28.8±4.5	2.31±0.01	7.31±0.00

Effects of different basal fertilizers and topdressing fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of pineapple

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处理Treatment	叶尖高度 Tip height		叶片数 Number of leaves		最大叶尺寸 Size of the largest leaf				产量 Yield/（t·hm^-2）	较CK2增产Increase in production compared with CK2/%
处理Treatment	株高Height/mm	变化率Rate of change/%	叶片数 Number of leaves	变化率Rate of change/%	叶长 Leaf length/mm	变化率Rate of change/%	叶宽 Leaf width/mm	变化率Rate of change/%	产量 Yield/（t·hm^-2）	较CK2增产Increase in production compared with CK2/%
CK2	61.31±2.17	11.09	28.3±1.2 b	165.51	55.64±5.37	15.22	5.03±0.11	45.80	51.23
T1	63.95±4.42	20.18	43.7±2.2 a	184.87	61.11±4.12	21.95	5.16±1.10	61.25	54.62	6.62
T2	66.29±2.86	16.46	37.3±2.7 a	173.08	58.81±3.17	19.46	4.93±0.51	51.69	54.01	5.43
T3	64.12±5.36	18.32	42.0±1.5 a	180.00	63.39±1.29	20.44	5.29±0.62	56.97	53.96	5.33

处理Treatment	叶尖高度 Tip height		叶片数 Number of leaves		最大叶尺寸 Size of the largest leaf				产量 Yield/（t·hm^-2）	较CK2增产Increase in production compared with CK2/%
处理Treatment	株高Height/mm	变化率Rate of change/%	叶片数 Number of leaves	变化率Rate of change/%	叶长 Leaf length/mm	变化率Rate of change/%	叶宽 Leaf width/mm	变化率Rate of change/%	产量 Yield/（t·hm^-2）	较CK2增产Increase in production compared with CK2/%
CK2	61.31±2.17	11.09	28.3±1.2 b	165.51	55.64±5.37	15.22	5.03±0.11	45.80	51.23
T1	63.95±4.42	20.18	43.7±2.2 a	184.87	61.11±4.12	21.95	5.16±1.10	61.25	54.62	6.62
T2	66.29±2.86	16.46	37.3±2.7 a	173.08	58.81±3.17	19.46	4.93±0.51	51.69	54.01	5.43
T3	64.12±5.36	18.32	42.0±1.5 a	180.00	63.39±1.29	20.44	5.29±0.62	56.97	53.96	5.33