Study on optimization of extraction conditions and activity of functional components from Dieffenbachia picta

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.02.16

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 383-393.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.02.16

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Study on optimization of extraction conditions and activity of functional components from Dieffenbachia picta

MA Bo¹(), TAO Zhen², ZHOU Rui², WANG Xue², LYU Qianqian², SUN Shihong¹, WANG Han², GAO Jinqiu², ZHANG Chuhan¹, CHEN Fengqing²^,^*()

1. School of Basic Medical Sciences, Baicheng Medical College, Baicheng 137000, Jilin, China
2. College of Life Science, Baicheng Normal University, Baicheng 137000, Jilin, China

Received:2022-04-21 Online:2023-02-25 Published:2023-03-14
Contact: CHEN Fengqing

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to optimize the extraction process of polysaccharides and alkaloids from Dieffenbachia picta Lodd, and explore the antioxidant activity of its polysaccharide extract, and the insecticidal and bacteriostatic activity of alkaloids, Dieffenbachia picta was used as material, the extraction processes of polysaccharides and alkaloids were optimized by orthogonal design. Insecticidal test was carried out by the insecticidal impregnation method, to explore the contact killing effect of alkaloid extract of D. picta on Helicoverpa armigera, Plutella xylostella and Zophobas atratus; Filter paper method was used to explore the bacteriostatic effect of alkaloid extract of D. picta on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Shigella dysentery and Salmonella typhi. The antioxidant activity of polysaccharide from Dieffenbachia picta Lodd was studied by measuring the ability of scavenging DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl radical (·OH) and reducing ability to Fe³⁺. The results showed that the optimal extraction process of polysaccharide from D. picta were the solid-liquid ratio 1∶30 (g·mL^-1), extraction for 3 times, extraction time 1 h, extraction temperature 90 ℃. The antioxidant activity of polysaccharide from D. picta show that when the polysaccharide concentration was 5.0 mg·mL^-1, the scavenging rates of DPPH radical, ABTS radical and hydroxyl (·OH) radical were 51.78%, 48.60% and 40.86%, respectively, and the reducing power of Fe³⁺ reached 0.338 6. With the continuous increase of polysaccharide concentration, the antioxidant activity also gradually increased, but they were lower than those in the control group. The influence of each factor on the extraction of alkaloids from the leaves of D. picta was ultrasonic temperature>ultrasonic time>solid-liquid ratio>ethanol volume fraction. The optimal extraction process of alkaloids from the leaves of D. picta were ultrasonic temperature 66 ℃, ultrasonic time 80 min, solid-liquid ratio 1∶ 30 (g·mL^-1), ethanol volume fraction 90%. The results of the insecticidal test showed that the contact toxicity of the alkaloids from D. picta leaves to the three insects was significantly different. After 36 h of treatment, the mortality rates of H. armigera, P. xylostella and Z. atratus worm were 92.22%, 96.67% and 96.67%, respectively. The results of bacteriostatic test showed that 12.5 mg·mL^-1 alkaloid extract had different inhibitory effects on different strains. It had the strongest antibacterial activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa, and the diameter of bacteriostatic ring could reach 10.95 mm and 10.65 mm, followed by E. faecalis, S. aureus, B. subtilis and S. dysentery, the diameters of bacteriostatic rings were 8.00, 8.20, 8.85 and 8.25 mm, respectively. Salmonella typhi showed insensitive or insensitive.

Key words: polysaccharide, alkaloid, bacteriostatic acitivity, insecticidal activity, antioxidant activity, Dieffenbachia picta Lodd

CLC Number:

S567.239

MA Bo, TAO Zhen, ZHOU Rui, WANG Xue, LYU Qianqian, SUN Shihong, WANG Han, GAO Jinqiu, ZHANG Chuhan, CHEN Fengqing. Study on optimization of extraction conditions and activity of functional components from Dieffenbachia picta[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(2): 383-393.

Figures/Tables 15

References 24

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水平 Levels	因素Factors
水平 Levels	A提取温度 Extraction temperature/℃	B提取时间 Extraction time/h	C料液比 Solid-liquid ratio/(g·mL^-1)	D提取次数 Extraction times
1	85	1.0	1∶30	1
2	90	1.5	1∶35	2
3	95	2.0	1∶40	3

水平 Levels	因素Factors
水平 Levels	A提取温度 Extraction temperature/℃	B提取时间 Extraction time/h	C料液比 Solid-liquid ratio/(g·mL^-1)	D提取次数 Extraction times
1	85	1.0	1∶30	1
2	90	1.5	1∶35	2
3	95	2.0	1∶40	3

水平 Levels	因素Factors
水平 Levels	A料液比 Solid-liquid ratio/(g·mL^-1)	B超声时间 Ultrasonic time/min	C超声温度 Ultrasonic temperature/℃	D乙醇体积分数 Ethanol volume fraction/%
1	1∶30	40	58	85
2	1∶35	60	66	90
3	1∶40	80	74	95

水平 Levels	因素Factors
水平 Levels	A料液比 Solid-liquid ratio/(g·mL^-1)	B超声时间 Ultrasonic time/min	C超声温度 Ultrasonic temperature/℃	D乙醇体积分数 Ethanol volume fraction/%
1	1∶30	40	58	85
2	1∶35	60	66	90
3	1∶40	80	74	95

序号 Serial number	A提取温度 Extraction temperature	B提取时间 Extraction time	C料液比 Solid-liquid ratio	D提取次数 Extraction times	得率 Yield/(mg·g^-1)
1	1	1	1	1	72.89
2	1	2	2	2	31.43
3	1	3	3	3	72.53
4	2	1	2	3	72.89
5	2	2	3	1	49.41
6	2	3	1	2	71.79
7	3	1	3	2	56.58
8	3	2	1	3	76.37
9	3	3	2	1	43.12

Study on optimization of extraction conditions and activity of functional components from Dieffenbachia picta

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Figures/Tables 15

References 24

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因素 Factor	得率Yield
因素 Factor	k₁/(mg·g^-1)	k₂/(mg·g^-1)	k₃/(mg·g^-1)	极差Range	最优水平Optimum level
A提取温度Extraction temperature	58.95	64.70	58.69	6.01	2
B提取时间Extraction time	67.45	52.41	62.48	15.05	1
C料液比Solid-liquid ratio	73.68	49.15	59.51	24.54	1
D提取次数Extraction times	55.14	53.27	73.93	20.66	3

评价指标 Evaluating indicator	样品号Number of samples						平均值 Average value	极差 Range	相对标准偏差 RSD/%
评价指标 Evaluating indicator	1	2	3	4	5	6	平均值 Average value	极差 Range	相对标准偏差 RSD/%
多糖得率	81.046	80.688	80.225	80.628	80.554	80.598	80.623	0.821	0.3
Polysaccharide yield/(mg·g^-1)
生物碱得率	2.215	2.215	2.161	2.223	2.223	2.206	2.207	0.017	1.1
Alkaloid yield/(mg·g^-1)

试验号 No.	试验设计方案Test design scheme				得率 Yield/(mg·g^-1)
试验号 No.	A料液比 Solid-liquid ratio	B超声时间 Ultrasonic time	C超声温度 Ultrasonic temperature	D乙醇体积分数 Ethanol volume fraction	得率 Yield/(mg·g^-1)
1	1	1	1	1	1.720 475
2	1	2	2	2	2.184 306
3	1	3	3	3	1.989 296
4	2	1	2	3	1.970 469
5	2	2	3	1	1.781 770
6	2	3	1	2	1.782 198
7	3	1	3	2	1.851 943
8	3	2	1	3	1.832 154
9	3	3	2	1	2.204 310

因素 Factors	得率Yield
因素 Factors	k₁/(mg·g^-1)	k₂/(mg·g^-1)	k₃/(mg·g^-1)	极差Range	最优水平Optimum level
A料液比Solid-liquid ratio	1.964 692	1.844 812	1.962 802	0.119 880	1
B超声时间Ultrasonic time	1.847 629	1.932 743	1.991 934	0.144 305	3
C超声温度Ultrasonic temperature	1.778 275	2.119 695	1.874 336	0.245 359	2
D乙醇体积分数Ethanol volume fraction	1.902 185	1.939 482	1.930 639	0.037 297	2

分组 Group	虫体死亡率Insect mortality/%
	棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera			小菜夜蛾Plutella xylostella			大麦虫Zophobas atratus
	12 h	24 h	36 h	12 h	24 h	36 h	12 h	24 h	36 h
1	82.22 ±3.33 a	84.44 ±2.22 ab	90.00 ±0.01 a	84.44 ±2.22 b	87.78 ±3.33 b	87.78 ±3.33 b	42.22 ±2.32 d	61.11 ±5.32 d	64.44 ±1.32 f
2	82.22 ±3.33 a	86.67 ±3.33 a	92.22 ±2.22 a	92.22 ±2.22 a	94.44 ±1.23 ab	95.56 ±1.23 a	57.78 ±3.33 b	78.89 ±3.33 c	85.56 ±2.22 d
3	64.44 ±2.22 c	81.11 ±2.22 b	86.67 ±3.33 a	82.22 ±1.23 b	87.78 ±2.22 b	90.00 ±0.01 b	51.11 ±3.33 c	61.11 ±2.22 d	67.78 ±2.22 e
4	53.33 ±3.33 d	63.33 ±3.33 c	71.11 ±3.33 b	55.56 ±3.33 c	71.11 ±1.23 c	76.67 ±3.33 c	83.33 ±0.01 a	87.78 ±1.23 b	88.89 ±3.33 c
5	74.45 ±2.22 b	84.45 ±2.22 ab	87.78 ±3.33 a	54.44 ±1.23 c	63.33 ±3.33 c	72.22 ±3.33 c	80.00 ±3.33 a	88.89 ±2.22 ab	93.33 ±0.01 b
6	72.22 ±1.23 b	83.33 ±0.01 ab	88.89 ±1.23 a	88.89 ±1.23 a	96.67 ±0.01 a	96.67 ±0.01 a	78.78 ±3.33 a	93.33 ±0.01 a	96.67 ±0.01 a

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编号 No.	A浸渍次数 Impregnation times	B浸渍时间 Immersion time/s	C浸渍液生物碱浓度 Alkaloid concentration in impregnation solution/(mg·mL^-1)	D培养温度 Culture temperature/℃
1	1	4	24	65
2	2	8	20	80
3	3	12	16	60
4	4	2	12	75
5	5	6	8	55
6	6	10	4	70

编号 No.	A浸渍次数 Impregnation times	B浸渍时间 Immersion time/s	C浸渍液生物碱浓度 Alkaloid concentration in impregnation solution/(mg·mL^-1)	D培养温度 Culture temperature/℃
1	1	4	24	65
2	2	8	20	80
3	3	12	16	60
4	4	2	12	75
5	5	6	8	55
6	6	10	4	70