Characteristic metabolite content and cold resistance of 54 tea germplasms

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240563

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 1860-1871.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240563

• Crop Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Characteristic metabolite content and cold resistance of 54 tea germplasms

YANG Chun¹(), LIANG Sihui¹, WANG Anran¹, CHEN Juan¹, LI Yan¹, LIN Kaiqin¹, MI Xiaozeng¹, QIAO Dahe¹^,², CHEN Zhengwu¹^,², GUO Yan¹^,^*()

¹ Guizhou Tea Research Institute, Guiyang 550006, China
² Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation in Karst Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guiyang 550006, China

Received:2024-06-28 Online:2025-09-25 Published:2025-10-15
Contact: GUO Yan

Abstract

Abstract:

To breed new tea plant cultivars with cold resistance and high quality, and clarify the correlation between characteristic metabolite content and cold tolerance in tea plants, the freezing injury index of 54 tea germplasms was obtained through field investigation. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect 27 biochemical components. Biochemical components which were closely related to cold resistance were identified through significance analysis of difference, correlation analysis, and path analysis. The results showed that among the 54 germplasms, 16 exhibited highly cold resistance and 7 showed highly cold sensitivity. Caffeine, epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG), and theanine were the predominant alkaloid, catechin, and amino acid components, respectively, with average contents of 32.96, 54.89, and 24.17 mg·g^-1. The average coefficient of variation and genetic diversity index of amino acids were higher than those of alkaloids and catechins. The EGCG content in highly cold resistant germplasms was significantly (p<0.01) higher than that in highly cold sensitive germplasms. Conversely, the contents of nine amino acids, including theanine, serine, and threonine, were significantly (p<0.05 or p<0.01) lower in highly cold resistant germplasms. Correlation analysis revealed a highly significant (p<0.01) negative correlation between EGCG and freezing injury index, while eleven amino acids (including alanine, serine, leucine and so on) showed significant (p<0.05 or p<0.01) positive correlations with freezing injury index. Path analysis showed that serine and glutamic acid are the biochemical components with the greatest impact on the tea plant freezing injury index, with their contribution rates to the freezing injury index being 0.53 and 0.50, respectively. They might be key biochemical components affecting cold resistance in tea plants. Based on the content of biochemical components and freezing injury index, six tea germplasms with both strong cold resistance and high theanine content were selected, which are suitable for high-altitude mountain tea regions in Guizhou Province. Among them, GT-GY-05 and GT-AS-81 exhibited strong cold resistance and high theanine content (≥30.0 mg·g^-1), making them suitable for breeding new cold resistant and high quality tea varieties.

Key words: tea plant, freezing injury index, caffeine, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), L-theanine, amino acid

CLC Number:

S571.1

YANG Chun, LIANG Sihui, WANG Anran, CHEN Juan, LI Yan, LIN Kaiqin, MI Xiaozeng, QIAO Dahe, CHEN Zhengwu, GUO Yan. Characteristic metabolite content and cold resistance of 54 tea germplasms[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(9): 1860-1871.

Figures/Tables 7

References 33

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种质名称 Name	种质来源 Origin	种质名称 Name	种质来源 Origin
GT-AS-19	安顺市Anshun City	GT-AS-80	安顺市Anshun City
GT-AS-37	安顺市Anshun City	GT-AS-81	安顺市Anshun City
GT-AS-38	安顺市Anshun City	GT-AS-82	安顺市Anshun City
GT-AS-41	安顺市Anshun City	GT-AS-83	安顺市Anshun City
GT-AS-54	安顺市Anshun City	GT-AS-94	安顺市Anshun City
GT-AS-55	安顺市Anshun City	GT-DY-08	都匀市Duyun City
GT-AS-56	安顺市Anshun City	GT-DZ-02	道真县Daozhen County
GT-AS-57	安顺市Anshun City	GT-DZ-06	道真县Daozhen County
GT-AS-58	安顺市Anshun City	HY	道真县Daozhen County
GT-AS-60	安顺市Anshun City	GT-LP-03	黎平县Liping County
GT-AS-62	安顺市Anshun City	GT-LP-13	黎平县Liping County
GT-AS-63	安顺市Anshun City	GT-LP-14	黎平县Liping County
GT-AS-64	安顺市Anshun City	GT-LP-15	黎平县Liping County
GT-AS-65	安顺市Anshun City	GT-LP-22	黎平县Liping County
GT-AS-66	安顺市Anshun City	GT-SQ-10	石阡县Shiqian County
GT-AS-67	安顺市Anshun City	GT-SQ-13	石阡县Shiqian County
GT-AS-68	安顺市Anshun City	GT-SQ-14	石阡县Shiqian County
GT-AS-69	安顺市Anshun City	GT-GY-05	贵阳市Guiyang City
GT-AS-70	安顺市Anshun City	SCB	湄潭县Meitan County
GT-AS-71	安顺市Anshun City	SLL	湄潭县Meitan County
GT-AS-72	安顺市Anshun City	HJY-F1-64	黄金芽自然杂交后代Natural hybridization offspring of tea cultivar Huangjinya
GT-AS-73	安顺市Anshun City	HJY-F1-73	黄金芽自然杂交后代Natural hybridization offspring of tea cultivar Huangjinya
GT-AS-74	安顺市Anshun City	HJY-F1-76	黄金芽自然杂交后代Natural hybridization offspring of tea cultivar Huangjinya
GT-AS-75	安顺市Anshun City	HJY-F1-8	黄金芽自然杂交后代Natural hybridization offspring of tea cultivar Huangjinya
GT-AS-76	安顺市Anshun City	HJY-F1-102	黄金芽自然杂交后代Natural hybridization offspring of tea cultivar Huangjinya
GT-AS-77	安顺市Anshun City	HJY-F1-23	黄金芽自然杂交后代Natural hybridization offspring of tea cultivar Huangjinya
GT-AS-79	安顺市Anshun City	HJY-F1-55	黄金芽自然杂交后代Natural hybridization offspring of tea cultivar Huangjinya

种质名称 Name	种质来源 Origin	种质名称 Name	种质来源 Origin
GT-AS-19	安顺市Anshun City	GT-AS-80	安顺市Anshun City
GT-AS-37	安顺市Anshun City	GT-AS-81	安顺市Anshun City
GT-AS-38	安顺市Anshun City	GT-AS-82	安顺市Anshun City
GT-AS-41	安顺市Anshun City	GT-AS-83	安顺市Anshun City
GT-AS-54	安顺市Anshun City	GT-AS-94	安顺市Anshun City
GT-AS-55	安顺市Anshun City	GT-DY-08	都匀市Duyun City
GT-AS-56	安顺市Anshun City	GT-DZ-02	道真县Daozhen County
GT-AS-57	安顺市Anshun City	GT-DZ-06	道真县Daozhen County
GT-AS-58	安顺市Anshun City	HY	道真县Daozhen County
GT-AS-60	安顺市Anshun City	GT-LP-03	黎平县Liping County
GT-AS-62	安顺市Anshun City	GT-LP-13	黎平县Liping County
GT-AS-63	安顺市Anshun City	GT-LP-14	黎平县Liping County
GT-AS-64	安顺市Anshun City	GT-LP-15	黎平县Liping County
GT-AS-65	安顺市Anshun City	GT-LP-22	黎平县Liping County
GT-AS-66	安顺市Anshun City	GT-SQ-10	石阡县Shiqian County
GT-AS-67	安顺市Anshun City	GT-SQ-13	石阡县Shiqian County
GT-AS-68	安顺市Anshun City	GT-SQ-14	石阡县Shiqian County
GT-AS-69	安顺市Anshun City	GT-GY-05	贵阳市Guiyang City
GT-AS-70	安顺市Anshun City	SCB	湄潭县Meitan County
GT-AS-71	安顺市Anshun City	SLL	湄潭县Meitan County
GT-AS-72	安顺市Anshun City	HJY-F1-64	黄金芽自然杂交后代Natural hybridization offspring of tea cultivar Huangjinya
GT-AS-73	安顺市Anshun City	HJY-F1-73	黄金芽自然杂交后代Natural hybridization offspring of tea cultivar Huangjinya
GT-AS-74	安顺市Anshun City	HJY-F1-76	黄金芽自然杂交后代Natural hybridization offspring of tea cultivar Huangjinya
GT-AS-75	安顺市Anshun City	HJY-F1-8	黄金芽自然杂交后代Natural hybridization offspring of tea cultivar Huangjinya
GT-AS-76	安顺市Anshun City	HJY-F1-102	黄金芽自然杂交后代Natural hybridization offspring of tea cultivar Huangjinya
GT-AS-77	安顺市Anshun City	HJY-F1-23	黄金芽自然杂交后代Natural hybridization offspring of tea cultivar Huangjinya
GT-AS-79	安顺市Anshun City	HJY-F1-55	黄金芽自然杂交后代Natural hybridization offspring of tea cultivar Huangjinya

类别 Category	组分 Component	含量Content/(mg·g^-1)				变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	遗传多样性指数 Genetic diversity index
类别 Category	组分 Component	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	平均值 Average value	标准差 Standard deviation	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	遗传多样性指数 Genetic diversity index
生物碱类Alkaloids	TB	3.95	17.18	8.32	2.24	26.86	1.91
	TP	0.06	0.87	0.17	0.14	82.28	1.40
	Caf	24.88	44.71	32.96	4.05	12.28	2.03
酚酸类Phenolic acids	GA	0.07	0.97	0.45	0.18	39.18	1.86
儿茶素类Catechins	EGC	10.99	32.39	17.93	4.53	25.26	1.93
	C	0.33	2.05	0.54	0.23	43.61	1.26
	EC	3.82	13.89	8.36	2.41	28.83	2.04
	EGCG	32.69	90.34	54.89	11.05	20.14	1.99
	GCG	6.34	14.46	7.18	1.32	18.37	1.37
	ECG	8.39	27.64	17.73	4.80	27.09	2.02
氨基酸类Amino acids	Thea	4.37	42.03	24.17	9.02	37.30	1.98
	Asp	1.12	4.83	2.51	0.84	33.30	1.84
	Ser	0.61	1.73	1.15	0.27	23.39	1.90
	Glu	2.85	10.06	5.75	1.75	30.44	1.81
	Gly	0.02	0.26	0.10	0.05	51.53	1.74
	His	1.50	10.60	4.87	2.53	51.92	1.88
	Arg	1.05	11.79	6.95	2.81	40.49	2.04
	Thr	—	0.36	0.13	0.11	87.78	1.92
	Ala	—	0.76	0.26	0.18	68.66	1.77
	Pro	0.57	1.85	1.04	0.39	37.58	1.79
	Cys	—	0.02	0.01	0.01	101.42	1.64
	Tyr	0.01	0.15	0.07	0.04	57.16	2.01
	Val	1.57	5.06	3.63	0.99	27.40	1.95
	Met	0.01	0.30	0.12	0.07	59.64	1.93
	Lys	—	0.27	0.08	0.06	78.36	1.74
	Leu	0.04	0.30	0.14	0.05	37.25	1.66
	Phe	0.12	0.38	0.25	0.06	24.35	1.87

类别 Category	组分 Component	含量Content/(mg·g^-1)				变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	遗传多样性指数 Genetic diversity index
类别 Category	组分 Component	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	平均值 Average value	标准差 Standard deviation	变异系数 Coefficient of variation/%	遗传多样性指数 Genetic diversity index
生物碱类Alkaloids	TB	3.95	17.18	8.32	2.24	26.86	1.91
	TP	0.06	0.87	0.17	0.14	82.28	1.40
	Caf	24.88	44.71	32.96	4.05	12.28	2.03
酚酸类Phenolic acids	GA	0.07	0.97	0.45	0.18	39.18	1.86
儿茶素类Catechins	EGC	10.99	32.39	17.93	4.53	25.26	1.93
	C	0.33	2.05	0.54	0.23	43.61	1.26
	EC	3.82	13.89	8.36	2.41	28.83	2.04
	EGCG	32.69	90.34	54.89	11.05	20.14	1.99
	GCG	6.34	14.46	7.18	1.32	18.37	1.37
	ECG	8.39	27.64	17.73	4.80	27.09	2.02
氨基酸类Amino acids	Thea	4.37	42.03	24.17	9.02	37.30	1.98
	Asp	1.12	4.83	2.51	0.84	33.30	1.84
	Ser	0.61	1.73	1.15	0.27	23.39	1.90
	Glu	2.85	10.06	5.75	1.75	30.44	1.81
	Gly	0.02	0.26	0.10	0.05	51.53	1.74
	His	1.50	10.60	4.87	2.53	51.92	1.88
	Arg	1.05	11.79	6.95	2.81	40.49	2.04
	Thr	—	0.36	0.13	0.11	87.78	1.92
	Ala	—	0.76	0.26	0.18	68.66	1.77
	Pro	0.57	1.85	1.04	0.39	37.58	1.79
	Cys	—	0.02	0.01	0.01	101.42	1.64
	Tyr	0.01	0.15	0.07	0.04	57.16	2.01
	Val	1.57	5.06	3.63	0.99	27.40	1.95
	Met	0.01	0.30	0.12	0.07	59.64	1.93
	Lys	—	0.27	0.08	0.06	78.36	1.74
	Leu	0.04	0.30	0.14	0.05	37.25	1.66
	Phe	0.12	0.38	0.25	0.06	24.35	1.87

生化组分 Biochemical component	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	直接通径系数 Direct path coefficient	间接通径系数 Indirect path coefficient												贡献率 Contribution rate
生化组分 Biochemical component	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	直接通径系数 Direct path coefficient	EGCG	Thea	Ser	Glu	His	Arg	Thr	Ala	Tyr	Val	Lys	Leu	贡献率 Contribution rate
EGCG	-0.56	-0.22		-0.14	-0.15	-0.13	-0.11	-0.14	-0.09	-0.12	-0.07	-0.13	-0.05	-0.11	0.12
Thea	0.59	0.34	-0.22		0.22	0.24	0.27	0.23	0.20	0.22	0.11	0.14	0.10	0.15	0.20
Ser	0.71	0.74	-0.51	0.48		0.49	0.40	0.60	0.60	0.65	0.50	0.37	0.44	0.59	0.53
Glu	0.57	0.88	-0.52	0.62	0.58		0.74	0.54	0.50	0.54	0.24	0.26	0.12	0.27	0.50
His	0.49	0.78	-0.41	0.62	0.42	0.65		0.41	0.40	0.48	0.07	0.30	0.07	0.23	0.38
Arg	0.58	0.37	-0.23	0.25	0.30	0.22	0.19		0.25	0.25	0.22	0.16	0.25	0.23	0.21
Thr	0.63	0.72	-0.31	0.42	0.58	0.41	0.37	0.49		0.53	0.49	0.09	0.35	0.42	0.45
Ala	0.72	0.25	-0.14	0.17	0.22	0.15	0.15	0.17	0.18		0.15	0.13	0.15	0.19	0.18
Tyr	0.47	0.52	-0.16	0.17	0.35	0.14	0.05	0.31	0.35	0.30		0.08	0.40	0.34	0.24
Val	0.46	0.21	-0.13	0.09	0.10	0.06	0.08	0.09	0.03	0.11	0.03		0.08	0.11	0.10
Lys	0.46	0.45	-0.10	0.13	0.27	0.06	0.04	0.31	0.22	0.27	0.36	0.17		0.30	0.21
Leu	0.67	0.49	-0.25	0.22	0.39	0.15	0.14	0.31	0.28	0.37	0.32	0.25	0.33		0.33

Characteristic metabolite content and cold resistance of 54 tea germplasms

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