Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

Study on characteristics of grain production and grain security guarantee mechanism in Henan Province during 1980-2013

ZHANG Huifang, YIN Haiyan, JI Baoyi, ZHUO Wenfei

2017, 29(1): 1-7. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.01

Abstract ( 756 )

HTML ( 78 )

PDF (1017KB) ( 1726 )

Based on the data of plow land area, sown area, grain output, planting structure, agricultural investment and total output value from 1980 to 2013 in Henan Province, the characteristics were summarized, the variation trend were analyzed and the food security mechanism in future was suggested. It was shown that the rising and maintain of plow land was related to policy support, and the increase potential was getting smaller, but the improvement potential for quality was large. The fluctuations of sown area and plow land area showed similar trend, indicating that the change of sown area was getting more dependent on the change of plow land area. The increase potential for total grain output was small, yet the ability to keep stable output was enhanced. In general, agricultural investment increased year by year, the total output value increased linearly, but the ratio of total agricultural output value to that of agriculture-forestry-stockbreeding-fishery decreased linearly. It was proposed that it should make farmers-benefiting-oriented policy, stabilize the plow land area, improve the soil quality of low to middle-yield-field, and raise the comprehensive productivity of land resource to improve the output of grain. And it should speed up scientific and technological innovation, and promote construction of science and technology service system and the “Internet+” modern agriculture to increase the contribution rate of agricultural science and technology progress.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Origin and dissemination of rice in China revealed by rice physical remains from archaeological sites

GONG Tingting, ZHENG Xiaoming, XUE Dayuan, YANG Qingwen, QIAO Weihua, WANG Junrui, LIU Sha, LIANG Xinxia, ZHANG Lifang, CHENG Yunlian

2017, 29(1): 8-15. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.02

Abstract ( 613 )

HTML ( 4 )

PDF (839KB) ( 1542 )

Physical remains of ancient rice could provide direct evidence to explore the origin and domestication of rice, and also lay a foundation for analysis of grain shape of ancient rice. In this study, time and space distribution of archaeological sites with rice physical remains was described and the change rule of grain shape of ancient rice based on essential data from predecessor was analyzed to explore rice origin and the route of dissemination. The results showed that ancient human began to choose grain shape of ancient rice consciously about 7 000 years ago, and noticed the grain width earlier than length. The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River were the original center of rice. After the origin of rice in the mid and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, it began to spread to the north and south separately. Under the influence of climate difference between the north and south, the japonica and indica sub-species split apart from each other finally.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Identification, evolution and expression analysis of Pht1 gene family in Sorghum bicolor

YU Chenliang, ZHANG Chenghao, ZHAN Yihua, DONG Wenqi

2017, 29(1): 16-22. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.03

Abstract ( 778 )

HTML ( 3 )

PDF (761KB) ( 1815 )

Phosphorus is a significant component of biological molecules, and it is also an important nutrient for plant growth. To identify putative Pht1 family genes in S. bicolor, we performed BLAST searches against the S. bicolor genome database Phytozome using the well-characterized Arabidopsis AtPht and rice OsPht1 family as queries, and 11 non-redundant putative SbPht1 genes were identified. Information of gene sequence, gene structure, protein sequence and chromosomal location were downloaded from Phytozome database. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to analyze the expression patterns of 11 SbPht1 genes under phosphorus deficiency and high phosphorus treatment. The results showed that most of the SbPht1 genes expression was increased under the condition of phosphorus deficiency. Under high phosphorus treatment, the expression of SbPT1, SbPT4, SbPT6, SbPT7, SbPT8, SbPT9 and SbPT10 was up-regulated in the roots. In the shoots, the expression of SbPT3 and SbPT5 was increased. Through the analysis of phosphate transport protein from the whole genome of sorghum, this paper provides the molecular biological basis for the study of phosphorus, and has a great significance in the improvement of plant absorption and utilization of phosphorus.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Cloning and bioinformatic analysis of glucosetransferase gene NtGT3 in Nicotiana tabacum

REN Xueliang, LI Liqin, XU Li, GUO Yushuang, LU Liming

2017, 29(1): 23-30. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.04

Abstract ( 726 )

HTML ( 0 )

PDF (979KB) ( 1564 )

In order to lay the foundation for the investigation of the biological function of tobacco glycosyltransferase, the CDS sequence of tobacco glycosyltransferase NtGT3 (accession number BAB88934.1) was applied, and specific primers were designed accordingly. For the cloning of NtGT3, total tobacco RNA was extracted from the leaf of cultivar K326, and RT-PCR was performed. Finally, full length CDS sequence of NtGT3 was successfully obtained. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the full-length CDS of NtGT3 was 1 449 bp, encoding protein contains 482 amino acids. Its molecular weight is 54.15 ku, and the isoelectric point is 5.53. In the secondary structure, the alpha helix and random coil are the main structural forms of the protein. The tertiary structure of this protein includes 42% alpha helix and 15% beta folding. NtGT3 is a hydrophilic protein, containing two glycosylation sites and does not contain signal peptides. Protein NtGT3 is widely distributed in the cells and the distribution rate was 79%, 31.9%, 30% and 20% respectively in the cell membrane, bodies, Golgi and the endoplasmic reticulum. Functional domain analysis results confirmed that the protein contains a functional conserved domain PLN03015, which belonged to the GTB type of glycosyltransferase superfamily. The results of homology analysis showed that NtGT3 protein shares high sequence similarity with that of Lycium barbarum, Withania somnifera, Ipomoea batatas, Theobroma cacao, Actinidia deliciosa, Populus trichocarpa, Vitis vinifera, Glycine soja, and Arabidopsis thaliana. The successful cloning of NtGT3 gene provides a theoretical support for the further study of the function of this gene.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Inhibitory effects of 18 traditional Chinese medicine aqueous extracts on 5-lipoxygenase activity

WU Wanyun, TAO Xin, XU Ziwei

2017, 29(1): 31-36. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.05

Abstract ( 466 )

HTML ( 0 )

PDF (727KB) ( 1545 )

Eighteen aqueous extracts of medicinal plants containing crude drug 0.5 mg·μL^-1 were prepared and their inhibition rates to 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) activity were measured. The results showed that inhibition rate of these extracts ranged from 1.13% to 96.06%. In the test of Rosmarinus officinalis extract, the RSD (relative standard deviation) of this method was 1.17% (<2.0%) out of 4 independent parallel tests. In the test of Magnolia officinali extract, by multiple dilution it showed that there was a good linear relationship between the lg value of extract concentration and the inhibition rate in certain concentration range, with the determination coefficient of 0.958 7. The IC₅₀ of inhibitory activity of Magnolia officinalis extract was 22.38 μg·μL^-1. These results showed that inhibitory activity of various aqueous extracts to 5-LOX activity were different. This test method was demonstrated to have many merits such as easy and fast in operation, direct and stable in result, low cost, and able to quantify the accurate inhibition concentration of samples on the activity of 5-LOX.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Correlation between calf birth weights and expression levels of adiponectin, leptin, IGF-1 in cow's venous blood and cord venous blood

SHEN Liuhong, JIANG Tao, XIAO Jinbang, JIANG Sixun, WU Xiaofeng, CAO Suizhong, YU Shumin, DENG Junliang, PENG Guangneng, ZUO Zhicai

2017, 29(1): 37-43. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.06

Abstract ( 797 )

HTML ( 0 )

PDF (651KB) ( 1843 )

In order to explore the correlation between calf birth weights and expression level of adiponectin, leptin, IGF-1 in cow's venous and cord venous blood. Fifty-four healthy Chinese Holstein cows that experienced normal natural birth were used, and were divided into 3 groups based on calf birth weights (A, ≤40 kg; B, 40~45 kg; C, ≥45 kg). The cow's venous blood and cord venous blood was collected. ELISA was used to evaluate the expression levels of adiponectin, leptin and IGF-1 to analyze the correlation among them as well as correlation with calf birth weights. It was shown that there were significant (P<0.01) correlations among adiponectin, leptin and IGF-1 in cow's venous blood, while these indexes showed no significant (P>0.05) correlations with calf birth weights. In cow's cord venous blood, adiponectin, leptin, and IGF-1 were significantly (P<0.01) correlated, and adiponectin, leptin, and IGF-1 in cord venous blood as whole were positively correlated with calf birth weights, and was significantly (P<0.01) correlated with calf birth weights individually. Adiponectin, leptin, and IGF-1 expression levels in venous blood were significantly (P<0.01) higher than those in cord venous blood, and were not significantly (P>0.05) correlated with those in cord venous blood. The results showed that there were adiponectin, leptin, and IGF-1 in venous blood and cord venous blood. Adiponectin, leptin, and IGF-1 in venous and cord venous blood were potentially inter-regulated with each other. Adiponectin, leptin, and IGF-1 expression levels in venous blood were not significantly (P<0.05) correlated with calf birth weights, while adiponectin, leptin, and IGF-1 expression levels in cord venous blood were significantly (P<0.01) correlated with calf birth weights, respectively.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Isolation and identification of oil degradation bacteria for efficient dead-pig composting

XIAO Han, LIU Biao, YIN Hongmei, XU Jun, DU Dongxia, HE Yuelin

2017, 29(1): 44-50. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.07

Abstract ( 638 )

HTML ( 2 )

PDF (836KB) ( 1796 )

To accelerate the oil degradation of dead-pig, microorganisms able to degrade lipids efficiently were screened and isolated from oil-polluted samples. The isolated strains were mixed and inoculated in composting of dead-pigs and wheat bran with different doses to test its effects on oil degradation. Six oil-degrading strains were isolated, and among them strain D-4 showed the highest degradation ability, with the degradation rate up to 57.21%. The lipase production of strain D-4 reached a peak at 48~54 h of fermentation. Based on morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and phylogenic analysis of 16S rDNA sequences, strain D-4 was identified as Serratia marcescens. At the end of composting, the oil contents of all inoculation groups with strain D-4 were significantly (P<0.05)lower than that of the control group. It was indicated that sufficient amount inoculation of D-4 could effectively accelerate lipid degradation of dead-pig by composting.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Analysis of mitochondrial CO Ⅰ gene bar code and its upstream tRNA sequence determination

ZHANG Yang, WANG Meiqing, MU Chunyu, YAO Wencheng, YANG Yaozong, BIAN Youqing, CHEN Guohong

2017, 29(1): 51-57. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.08

Abstract ( 735 )

HTML ( 0 )

PDF (766KB) ( 1631 )

This study was conducted to find the effective and accurate identification of the DNA bar code in poultry breed (goose), in order to identify poultry breed or the products of goose. In this study, Anser cygnoides, Anser anser, 3 breeds of local Chinese goose and 3 breeds of European goose were used. Gene sequence based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅰ gene (COⅠ) was conducted by DNA sequence, and the polymorphism, the relationship of molecular system evolution and the upstream region of the tRNA sequences on goose were also determined. The results showed that: 1) There were 17 mutation sites and 20 haplotypes in the sequence of COⅠ(1 551 bp). 2) Eighteen haplotypes were specific to each species, which could be used as the basis for identification. 3) Seven breeds had specific mutation sites except Carlos. Based on this sequence, the phylogenetic tree constructed by the Kiumura double parameter distance can fully reflect the relationship between the classification and evolution of different geese. 4) Sequence analysis found that Anser cygnoides had 22 kinds of mitochondrial tRNA gene, which were the standard of four constant arm of cloverleaf secondary structure, including 2 tRNA-Ser, 2 tRNA-Leu and the rest were 1. This sequence of COⅠ could be used as the basis for the identification of some geese breeds.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Effects of light quality on drought resistance of cucumber seedlings

ZHANG Xiaomei, HU Chaoyi, LIU Tao, ZHOU Yanhong

2017, 29(1): 58-63. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.09

Abstract ( 726 )

HTML ( 2 )

PDF (757KB) ( 1867 )

To study the effects of light quality on drought resistance of plant, cucumber seedlings were exposed to white light, blue light, red light or red-blue (1:1) light from light-emitting photodiodes (LED) under well watered conditions or drought conditions and the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal aperture, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant enzyme activity in leaves were investigated. The results showed that plants grown with red light had improved drought tolerance, together with decreased leaf stomatal aperture, transpiration rate, water loss and ROS accumulation, and higher activities of SOD, CAT and G-POD. However, red light decreased Pn in well watered plants. Blue light promoted stomatal aperture and Tr. Our study suggests that exposure to red light appropriately could be a potential approach to improve drought tolerance in cucumber seedlings which is particularly feasible for greenhouse production.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Effects of different irrigation methods on sap flow and fruit quality of jujube in arid area

CHENG Ping, LI Changcheng, LI Hong, ZHANG Zhigang, LIU Bang, SUN Mingsen

2017, 29(1): 64-72. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.10

Abstract ( 858 )

HTML ( 0 )

PDF (1083KB) ( 1857 )

By employing the stem sap meter (TDP) and HOBO microclimate instrument, the stem sap flow rate and meteorological factors of jujube in full fruit period in arid area were measured continuously in 2 typical irrigation conditions, i.e. pit irrigation and flood irrigation, to explore the connection between stem sap flow rate and meteorological factors in sunny days. The yield and fruit quality under 2 conditions were also compared. It was observed that the characteristic values of jujube sap flow appeared at the same time. However, values varied under different irrigation conditions. Before watering, each characteristic value of pit irrigation was greater than that under flood irrigation. After watering, the result was just the opposite. The result clearly and directly reflected the effect of sail water content on sap flow. The water efficiency of the tip and flood irrigation were 61% and 10%, respectively. There were interactions within meteorological factors and jujube sap flow. The main meteorological factor affecting the sap flow was sun radiation. The relative humidity was negatively correlated to liquid flow rate and other meteorological factors. Compared with flood irrigation, the fruit yield under pit irrigation was increased by 29%. But, the fruit quality showed no obvious difference. To sum up, pit irrigation had obvious beneficial effect in terms of fruit yield and water efficiency.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Detoxified enzymatic activities and insecticidal susceptibility of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis from different geographic populations

WANG Caiyun, YANG Yajun, XU Hongxing, ZHENG Xusong, TIAN Junce, LU Yanhui, LYU Zhongxian

2017, 29(1): 73-80. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.11

Abstract ( 561 )

HTML ( 1 )

PDF (922KB) ( 1660 )

Detoxified enzymatic activity and insecticidal susceptibilities are important characteristics of the insect populations. Understanding these characteristics of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis from different populations will promote the formulation of tactics on C. medinalis control. Detoxified enzymatic activity and insecticidal susceptibilities of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis from different geographic populations, Hepu (HP) and Nanning (NN) populations from Guangxi, Changsha (CS) population from Hunan and Hangzhou (HZ) population from Zhejiang were determined to clarify the population differences of C. medinalis, and the differences among four populations were discussed in this study. Results showed that activities of esterase, multi-function oxidase and glutathione S-transferase (GST) varied among C. medinalis larvae from 4 geographic populations. CS population had the highest enzymatic activities, while HP population had a lowest esterase activity, NN population had a lowest multi-function oxidase activity and HP, NN, and HZ population had similar GST activity. Bioassay data showed that the differences were observed in the susceptibilities of 4 C. medinalis populations against insecticides, and the susceptibility of C. medinalis against a same insecticide differed with 1-4 folds among 4 populations. Among the four detected insecticides (chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate and spinosad), NN and HZ populations had higher susceptibility against chlorpyrifos than HP and CS populations, NN population had the lowest susceptibility against chlorantraniliprole, HP population had the highest susceptibility against emamectin benzoate, CS population had the lowest susceptibility against spinosad. Results indicated that C. medinalis had the geographic differences on the detoxified enzymatic activity and insecticidal susceptibilities, the differences of geographic populations would be considered into the formulation of the tactics on the C. medinalis control.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Antifungal activities of Bacillus subtilis STO-12 and analysis on its antifungal substances

HUANG Huayi, WANG Jialin, MA Rong, LIANG Yingmei, TIAN Chengming

2017, 29(1): 81-88. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.12

Abstract ( 706 )

HTML ( 3 )

PDF (925KB) ( 1944 )

Bacillus subtilis STO-12 was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of jujube plants as a biocontrol agent. In order to provide technical guidance for further exploitation and utilization of STO-12, the antifungal activities of STO-12 and its sterile culture filtrates were investigated by dual culture assay and colony diameter assay, respectively; and the antifungal substances of STO-12 were analyzed by paper disc method and two-compartment plate method, respectively. The results revealed that STO-12 and its sterile culture filtrates had strong antifungal activities, and the rates of sterile culture filtrates inhibited Alternaria tenuissima, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Cytospora chrysosperma were 84.87% (7 d), 38.19% (7 d) and 100% (3 d), respectively. Crude proteins and lipopeptides extracted from STO-12 exhibited high antifungal activities against Alternaria tenuissima, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Cytospora chrysosperma and the hyphae at the edge of inhibition zones developed swelling. For crude proteins, the average diameters of the inhibition zones for Alternaria tenuissima, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Cytospora chrysosperma were 12.33, 9.50 and 16.50 mm, respectively. For lipopeptides, the average diameters of the inhibition zones were 17.50, 17.06 and 21.50 mm, respectively. STO-12 could produce cellulase and protease. Moreover, volatiles produced by STO-12 also could inhibit the hyphal growth of Alternaria tenuissima, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Cytospora chrysosperma, and the inhibition rates were 38.96% (3 d), 9.35% (3 d) and 82.14% (2 d), respectively. Our results suggested that Bacillus subtilis STO-12 had strong antifungal activity, varied antifungal substances and wide antifungal spectrum, had the potential prospect of industrial development and field application.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Analysis of virus species in main cultivars of early pear in Shangrao and the efficiency of their shoot tip virus-free techniques

YIN Minghua, Zhou Yuyao, YANG Xingpeng, XU Yuqin, LIU Zhengying, SHU Rongjian, WEI Zhimin, Xia Huayan, Hong Senrong

2017, 29(1): 89-100. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.13

Abstract ( 554 )

HTML ( 0 )

PDF (1246KB) ( 1768 )

Virus species in 3 main cultivars of early pear in Shangrao were analyzed and the efficiency of their shoot tip virus-free techniques was compared. The results showed that Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) was not detected in Huating Liuyuexue and Tiandun Liuyuexue, but it was detected in Huating Huangpixiao. Apple stem grooving virus(ASGV) and Apple scar skin viroid(ASSVd) were both detected in Huating Liuyuexue, Huating Huangpixiao and Tiandun Liuyuexue, but Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus(ACLSV) and Apple mosaic virus (ApMV) were not detected in them. For 3 main cultivars of early pear in Shangrao, the virus-free efficiency of cryotherapy was significantly higher than that of the conventional shoot tip culture. Among three virus-free techniques by cryotherapy, the virus-free efficiency of cryotherapy by encapsulation-vitrification was the highest. Through SSR fluorescence labeled capillary electrophoresis analysis, the conventional shoot tip culture and three cryotherapy virus-free techniques all could ensure the genetic stability of 3 main cultivars of early pear in Shangrao. The results contributed to the viral disease detection, identification and their real-time monitoring and quarantine of early pear seedling in Shangrao, which also provided some technical support for building the cryopreservation germplasm resources of early pear in Shangrao and its production of virus-free plantlets.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Isolation and identification of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citr on lemon samples from Taiwan

CHEN Xianfeng, ZHANG Huili, ZHAO Lei

2017, 29(1): 101-105. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.14

Abstract ( 748 )

HTML ( 0 )

PDF (568KB) ( 1870 )

A typical symptom of citrus bacterial canker was observed on inspection of lemon samples imported from Taiwan. A strain 6503 was isolated from this sample and was identified by morphological observation, pathogenicity determination, specific-PCR detection and gyrB sequence analysis. The colony morphology of strain 6503 on nutrient agar medium (NA) was yellow, circular, entire, glistening, convex, mucoid. The pathogenicity test demonstrated that strain 6503 was pathogenic to the leaf of citrus. Strain 6503 can be amplified and produced 581 bp target band with specific primer Xac01/Xac02. Strain 6503 and X. axonopodis pv. citri were within the same clade in phylogenetic tree based on gyrB sequences. Based on these results above, strain 6503 was identified as X. axonopodis pv. citri.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Feasibility of Trifolium repens and Oxalis corniculata as the nectar resource plant to Trichogramma chilonis

ZHAO Yanyan, TIAN Junce, ZHENG Xusong, XU Hongxing, LU Yanhui, YANG Yajun, ZANG Liansheng, LYU Zhongxian

2017, 29(1): 106-112. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.15

Abstract ( 629 )

HTML ( 0 )

PDF (855KB) ( 1728 )

As an effective way to improve biological control, nectar resource plant has been widely used in agro-ecosystem. Our previous experiment proved that planting nectar resource plant (Sesamum indicum) around the rice paddy field had made a great success in enhancing biological control of rice insect pests. However, due to the cultivation limitations of S. indicum, it is necessary to screening more acceptable, alternative nectar resource plants for different rice growing regions. Clovers, including Trifolium repens with white flower and Oxalis corniculata with red flower, are perennial plants with long florescence and easy to cultivate around rice paddy fields, and are potential candidates as nectar resource plants. In present study, we surveyed whether these two kinds of clover could prolong longevity and improve fecundity of Trichogramma chilonis, the dominant egg parasitoid of Lepidoptera pests. We also analyzed the nectar content of O. corniculata flowers in different time and the nectar compositions. The results showed that O. corniculata could extend longevity and improve fecundity of T. chilonis significantly. T. repens could extend longevity and improve fecundity of T. chilonis, but there was no significant difference between T. repens-fed treatment and water-fed treatment. The test of nectar content showed that O. corniculata flowers had the highest nectar content from 14:00 to 16:00. T. repens flowers were basically in bloom for 24 h, but O. corniculata flowers were only open in the daytime. After 20:00, O. corniculata flowers were all closed. O. corniculata flowers contained a mass of nectar content and could significantly improve parasitic wasp biological fitness. Furthermore, O. corniculata flowers were only blooming during the daytime, which indicated that O. corniculata does not benefit moths. In conclusion, O. corniculata could be utilized as a potential nectar resource plant in rice-based agroecosystem.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Rapid detection of citrus bacterial canker by loop-mediated isothermal amplification

GU Yuan, CEN Mingsong, MA Haijie, LI Hongye

2017, 29(1): 113-118. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.16

Abstract ( 620 )

HTML ( 1 )

PDF (775KB) ( 1796 )

Citrus canker (Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri) is an important quarantine disease. Previous studies showed that loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) can be used for rapid detection of suspected citrus canker samples. Based on a new conserved genome DNA sequence, we designed LAMP primers and established a LAMP detection method for detection of citrus canker samples in this study. The specificity of established LAMP detection method was consistent with that of regular PCR. However, this LAMP detection method could detect as low as 100 pg DNA of X. citri subsp. citri, and only 4 cells per microliter of X. citri, sensitivity of LAMP was 1 250 times higher than that of the regular PCR. The LAMP assay could distinguish citrus canker from citrus scab, the two diseases easily confused based on symptoms. Therefore, we suggest that LAMP detection method for citrus canker established in this study is simple, rapid, sensitive and specific, it could be used in laboratory with relatively simple conditions.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Research on ammonia emission characteristics and its influencing factors from paddy fields in Taihu Lake region

CHEN Yuan, FANG Xiaofeng, SHEN Genxiang, XU Chang, QIAN Xiaoyong, ZHAO Zigang, YU Shaofeng, LI Jinwen, WANG Zhenqi

2017, 29(1): 119-128. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.17

Abstract ( 602 )

HTML ( 2 )

PDF (1106KB) ( 1616 )

Ammonia volatilization was monitored via micrometeorological technique in different fertilization periods in paddy fields of Taihu Lake region. Factors influencing ammonia loss, such as N H₄⁺-N concentration, pH in floodwater, N H₄⁺-N concentration in soil, soil temperature, wind speed, were also studied at the same time. The results indicated that ammonia volatilization loss was 28.47% in the period of tillering-top dressing, and was 14.01% in ear bearing-top dressing period after urea application. The ammonia volatilization flux after urea application in varied period decreased as the second period of tillering-top dressing>the first period of tillering-top dressing>ear bearing-top dressing period. Ammonia volatilization lasted 7-11 d. N H₄⁺-N concentration in floodwater was the most important influencing factor in the period of tillering-top dressing, with determination coefficient (R²) of 0.745 4. The important influencing factors in ear bearing-top dressing period included wind speed, N H₄⁺-N concentration in soil and soil temperature, with R² being 0.965 1, 0.787 5 and 0.896 0, respectively.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Degradation of PAHs in soil by different oxidants activated sodium persulfate

ZHAN Sheng, ZHENG Yi, LI Sen, ZHANG Yang, ZHANG Hongling, SHANG Zhaocong, LUO Yong

2017, 29(1): 129-136. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.18

Abstract ( 634 )

HTML ( 0 )

PDF (928KB) ( 1684 )

Activated sodium persulfate by hydrogen peroxide, sodium percarbonate and calcium peroxide were used to removal anthracene, pyrene, and benzoapyrene (PAHs) in soil, respectively. In addition, the kinetics and by-products in the reaction process of PAHs were investigated. The results showed that the activation effect on sodium persulfate was in the order of sodium percarbonate>hydrogen peroxide>calcium peroxide. The degradation rate of anthracene, pyrene and benzoapyrene was 96.8%, 93.5% and 96.8%, respectively, in the case of sodium persulfate activated by sodium percarbonate with the following condition: reaction time of 180 min, temperature of 25 ℃, soil and water both 5 g, and the concentration of sodium persulfate, sodium percarbonate in water of 1.0 and 0.67 mmol·g^-1. Kinetic analysis indicated that degradation of PAHs by sodium persulfate activated by sodium percarbonate and hydrogen peroxide both were complying with first order reaction kinetics, and the vast majority of PAHs in the soil were degraded.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Comparison on inversion accuracy of soil organic matter in surface layer based on GF-1 and Landsat 8 remote sensing data

MA Chi

2017, 29(1): 137-143. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.19

Abstract ( 662 )

HTML ( 3 )

PDF (864KB) ( 1611 )

In the present study, GF-1 and Landsat 8 remote sensing data for Yi'an County and Baiquan County were adopted along with laboratory tested data of soil sample to reveal the feasibility and differences of application of GF-1 and Landsat 8 in soil organic matter inversion. It was shown that the reflectivity of remote sensing images was significantly associated with soil organic matter content in the visible and near-infrared band, and the correlation coefficient reached the maximum in the near-infrared band. The exponential model based on near-infrared band of GF-1 was better than the power model based on near-infrared band of Landsat 8 in estimating soil organic matter content. Blue (deep blue) and red band were introduced into multiple regression model to enhance the ability of estimating organic matter content, and it was especially beneficial for Landsat 8. In short, GF-1 exhibited a higher spatial resolution, shorter revisit cycle and similar predictive ability as compared to Landsat 8, and thus was able to replace Landsat 8 in soil organic matter inversion.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Analysis of microbial contamination and identification of gram negative bacteria and mold in strawberry

HE Xiangxiang, XIAO Yingping, WU Shenggan, ZHAO Xueping, XIA Xiaodong, YANG Hua

2017, 29(1): 144-150. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.20

Abstract ( 885 )

HTML ( 8 )

PDF (829KB) ( 1771 )

In order to evaluate the status of microbial contamination in strawberry, hygienical microbiology was examined from strawberry which sampled in greenhouse and market of Zhejiang Province during March to April in 2016 year according to the food hygiene standard of People Republic of China. Then bacteria counting, enumeration of coliforms and mold detection were carried out. The bacteria and mold which were isolated from the samples were identified by Vitek Auto Microbic System and Molecular biological methods, respectively. The results indicated that the number of bacteria, coliforms and mold of strawberry in greenhouse ranged from 120 to 48 600 cfu·g^-1, from 3 to~1 100 MPN·g^-1, from 0 to 2 900 cfu·g^-1, respectively. And the number of bacteria, coliforms and mold of strawberry in market ranged from 1 900 to 36 900 cfu·g^-1, from 15 to 1 100 MPN·g^-1, from 200 to 6 100 cfu·g^-1, respectively. Meanwhile, 19 gram negative bacteria species such as Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter amnigenus, Raoultella planticola and 5 mold species such as Mucor and Fusarium were identified. Most of the identified bacteria and mold had serious pathogenicity. The experimental results would be helpful to control the number of microorganisms and develop new sterile technology for strawberry.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

SWOT analysis and countermeasures on developing low carbon agriculture in Zhejiang

JIN Yuxue, YING Miaomiao, ZHANG Chunquan, BAI Ruoqi, WU Yiwei, BAI Pu

2017, 29(1): 151-159. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.21

Abstract ( 797 )

HTML ( 1 )

PDF (1193KB) ( 1676 )

In the present assay, the strength, weakness, opportunities and threats to develop low-carbon agriculture in Zhejiang Province were analyzed, and corresponding macroscopical countermeasures and suggestions were put forward from perspectives of politics, laws, incentives, investment, technology, demonstration, publicity and supervision, to offer references to promote the development of efficient, sustainable and low-carbon agriculture in Zhejiang.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Analysis on factors affecting technology supply of basic-level agricultural extension agencies in Sichuan Province: For technology demand of cooperation

DONG Jie, ZHANG Kuan

2017, 29(1): 160-167. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.22

Abstract ( 722 )

HTML ( 1 )

PDF (903KB) ( 1840 )

A survey data of 133 basic-level agricultural extension agencies in Sichuan Province was applied to study factors that influence technology supply towards technology demand of cooperatives using Logit model. Results showed that the efficiency of technical extension was higher under the condition with more abundant funds, more experienced technical personnel, and higher degree of technical reserves. When the cooperatives had strong technology needs and actively explored the support of agricultural technology for agricultural extension agencies, the technology supply could be efficient for cooperatives technology demand. The reform of the mechanism of technology promotion would also affect the supply efficiency of technology, technology investment and share dividend of agricultural extension agencies would increase the technology docking efficiency. The more ratios of technology stocks accounted, the higher the efficiency of technology supply. When the types of technology were standard technology, information logistics and other soft technology, the efficiency of technology extension were higher. Finally, the paper put forward some policy suggestions, including strengthening the promotion investment, optimizing the structure of technical personnel team, innovative technology supply and cooperation model.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Roles of bZIP transcription factors in phytohormone-mediated disease resistance and stress tolerance

LI Dongyue, YUAN Wenxia, ZHENG Chao, WANG Xuming, ZHOU Jie, YAN Chengqi, CHEN Jianping

2017, 29(1): 168-175. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2017.01.23

Abstract ( 814 )

HTML ( 0 )

PDF (752KB) ( 1817 )

The elaborate phytohormone regulating networks in plants and their crosstalk pathways play critical roles in adapting to various environmental stresses of plants. As the key regulators in gene expression, bZIP transcription factors control important processes in relation to plant biotic and abiotic stress responses. In this review, we firstly introduced the structure and functions of the bZIP transcription factors, expounded their regulation mechanism in several major hormone-mediated signaling pathways. Subsequently, we discussed the crosstalk pathways between different hormones and made a summary of the key crosstalk integrators in defense processes. The aim of this review was to illuminate plant hormone-mediated signal interactions under stress and provide theoretical bases for exploring and utilizing new resistance genes.

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Archive