大豆根际促生菌的筛选鉴定与促生效应

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221786

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (12): 2775-2784.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20221786

大豆根际促生菌的筛选鉴定与促生效应

刘悦(), 徐伟慧, 王志刚()

齐齐哈尔大学生命科学与农林学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

收稿日期:2022-12-15 出版日期:2023-12-25 发布日期:2023-12-27
作者简介:刘悦(1998—),女,山东莱州人,硕士研究生,主要从事根际微生物研究。E-mail: 957265038@qq.com
通讯作者: *王志刚,E-mail: wangzhigang@qqhru.edu.cn
基金资助:
黑龙江省重点研发计划(GA21B007)

Screening and identification of soybean rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria and their growth-promoting effects

LIU Yue(), XU Weihui, WANG Zhigang()

College of Life Science and Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, Heilongjiang, China

Received:2022-12-15 Online:2023-12-25 Published:2023-12-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以大豆根际土壤为试验材料,筛选高效的促生菌株,丰富大豆专用生物肥料的菌种资源。采用解磷、解钾、溶磷、自生固氮、联合固氮选择性培养基,筛选植物根际促生菌(plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, PGPR),并测定PGPR的解磷、溶磷、解钾、固氮,分泌吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)和赤霉素(GA)的能力,以及对大豆植株生长的影响。结果表明,分离获得93株PGPR,分别属于巨大普里斯特氏菌属(Priestia)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas)、克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella)、肠杆菌属(Enterobacteria)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、节杆菌属(Arthrobacter)和不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)。根据促生功能和特性筛选出29株优良的PGPR,其中菌株GD6、JP7、JP34、PKO13、JK32、GD3、GD32可以使大豆根表面积扩大,与对照组相比分别增加42.93%、48.41%、53.04%、54.69%、47.86%、50.44%、48.67%。上述7株PGPR中有4株为克雷伯氏菌,2株为芽孢杆菌,1株为巨大普里斯特氏菌,这7株菌可以作为大豆微生物肥料的候选菌株。

关键词: 大豆, 根际促生菌, 解磷菌, 固氮菌

Abstract:

The soybean rhizosphere soil was used as experimental material to screen efficient growth-promoting strains, then enriching the strain resources of soybean special biofertilizer. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) were selected using selective medium of phosphate dissolving, potassium dissolving, phosphate solubilization, autotrophic nitrogen fixation and combined nitrogen fixation. The abilities of phosphate solubilization, phosphorus dissolving, potassium solubilization, nitrogen fixation, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellin (GA) of PGPR were measured, then the effect of PGPR on the growth of soybean plants was explored. The results showed that 93 PGPR strains were isolated belonging to the genera Priestia, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Klebsiella, Enterobacteria, Bacillus, Arthrobacter, and Acinetobacter. Twenty-nine excellent PGPR strains were screened based on their growth-promoting functions and characteristics, among which strains GD6, JP7, JP34, PKO13, JK32, GD3, and GD32 promoted the accumulation of root surface area of soybean, which increased by 42.93%, 48.41%, 53.04%, 54.69%, 47.86%, 50.44%, 48.67%, respectively. Seven of the above strains, 4 Klebsiella, 2 Bacillus, and a Pristeria megagonia, are candidate strains for soybean microbial fertilizers.

Key words: soybean, rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria

中图分类号:

刘悦, 徐伟慧, 王志刚. 大豆根际促生菌的筛选鉴定与促生效应[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(12): 2775-2784.

LIU Yue, XU Weihui, WANG Zhigang. Screening and identification of soybean rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria and their growth-promoting effects[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(12): 2775-2784.

图/表 5

图1 菌株16S rDNA基因序列系统发育树 JP、JK、PKO、GD、LH分别代表解磷菌、解钾菌、溶磷菌、自生固氮菌、联合固氮菌。

Fig.1 Phylogenetic tree of 16S rDNA gene sequence of strain JP, JK, PKO, GD and LH represent phosphate dissolving bacteria, potassium dissolving bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, autotrophic nitrogen fixing bacteria and combined nitrogen fixing bacteria, respectively.

图2 根际促生菌的解磷(a)、溶磷(b)和解钾(c)的能力测定结果

Fig.2 Results of determination of phosphate dissolving (a), phosphate solubilizing (b) and potassium dissolving (c) of rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria

图3 自生固氮菌(a)与联合固氮菌(b)的固氮能力误差线上无相同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。

Fig.3 Nitrogen fixation ability of autotrophic nitrogen fixing bacteria (a) and combined nitrogen fixing bacteria (b) The error line marked without the same lower letters indicated significant differences at P<0.05. The same as below.

图4 联合固氮菌(a)、溶磷菌(b)、自生固氮菌(c)、解钾菌(d)、解磷菌(e)分泌IAA和GA的能力

Fig.4 The ability of combined nitrogen fixing bacteria (a), phosphate solubilizing bacteria (b), autotrophic nitrogen fixing bacteria (c), potassium solubilizing bacteria (d) and phosphate dissoloving bacteria (e) strains to secrete IAA and GA

图5 根际促生菌对大豆幼苗的促生效应

Fig.5 Promoting effect of rhizosphere growth promoting bacteria on soybean seedlings

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大豆根际促生菌的筛选鉴定与促生效应

Screening and identification of soybean rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria and their growth-promoting effects

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