多花黄精根须皂苷的提取工艺及其抗氧化活性研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230718

浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 1144-1152.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20230718

多花黄精根须皂苷的提取工艺及其抗氧化活性研究

刘晨星(), 曹艳, 夏其乐^*()

浙江省农业科学院食品科学研究所,农业农村部果品产后处理重点实验室,农业农村部蔬菜采后保鲜与加工重点实验室(部省共建),浙江省果蔬保鲜与加工技术研究重点实验室, 浙江杭州 310021

收稿日期:2023-06-05 出版日期:2024-05-25 发布日期:2024-05-29
作者简介:刘晨星(1994—),男,浙江义乌人,硕士,研究实习员,研究方向为食药同源植物加工及活性研究。E-mail cxliuzaas@163.com
通讯作者: * 夏其乐,E-mail: cookxql@163.com
基金资助:
浙江省“三农九方”项目(2023SNJF028);浙江省农业科学院院地合作项目(CA202007);浙江省农业科学院院地合作项目(PJ202111)

Study on the extraction processing and antioxidant activities of saponins from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua roots

LIU Chenxing(), CAO Yan, XIA Qile^*()

Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China

Received:2023-06-05 Online:2024-05-25 Published:2024-05-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

多花黄精根须一直以来被认为是利用价值低的加工副产物,极少有相关研究报道。该研究旨在明确多花黄精根须皂苷的较优提取工艺,并了解其抗氧化活性。响应面分析表明,最佳提取工艺为:72%乙醇体积分数,1:25 g·mL^-1料液比,41 min提取时间。通过拟合分析得到提取率(Y)与乙醇体积分数(A)、料液比(B)、提取时间(C)的关系方程为:Y=5.58+0.516 2A+0.078 8B+0.05C-0.02AB-0.007 5AC-0.002 5BC-1.38A^2-0.439 5B²-0.257C²。通过验证表明,最优条件下皂苷提取率为5.62%,与理论最高值5.628%非常接近。体外抗氧化试验结果表明,皂苷IC_{50 DPPH}值为0.87 mg·mL^-1, IC_{50 ABTS}值为0.68 mg·mL^-1,具有良好的抗氧化性。综上,多花黄精根须中的皂苷成分具有可观的利用价值。研究结果可为多花黄精根须综合利用提供重要依据,也为其他副产物活性成分提取提供参考。

关键词: 多花黄精, 皂苷, 提取率, 抗氧化活性

Abstract:

The roots of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua have long been considered as by-product with low value, and few relevant studies have been reported. This study aims to clarify the desirable extraction process of saponins from the roots of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua and evaluate the antioxidant activities of the obtained saponins. Response surface analysis presented that the optimum extraction method was 72% ethanol, 1:25 g·mL^-1, and 41 min. The relationship between Y (extraction rate) and factor A (ethanol volume fraction), factor B (solid-liquid ratio), factor C (extraction time) was presented as Y=5.58+0.516 2A+0.078 8B+0.05C-0.02AB-0.007 5AC-0.002 5BC-1.38A²-0.439 5B²-0.257C². The peak of saponins extraction was 5.62%, which is very close to the estimated peak (5.628%). Antioxidant test exhibited that saponins have good antioxidant activities with 0.87 mg·mL^-1 IC_{50 DPPH} and 0.68 mg·mL^-1 IC_{50 ABTS}. Overall, the saponins in the roots of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua have considerable potential in use. This study can provide an important reference basis for the comprehensive utilization of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, as well as other by-products.

Key words: Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, saponins, extraction rate, antioxidant activity

中图分类号:

TS218

刘晨星, 曹艳, 夏其乐. 多花黄精根须皂苷的提取工艺及其抗氧化活性研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(5): 1144-1152.

LIU Chenxing, CAO Yan, XIA Qile. Study on the extraction processing and antioxidant activities of saponins from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua roots[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(5): 1144-1152.

图/表 12

表1 响应面试验设计

Table 1 Response surface experimental design

水平 Level	因素Factor
水平 Level	乙醇体积分数 Ethanol volume fraction/%	料液比 Solid-liquid ratio/(g·mL^-1)	提取时间 Extraction time/min
-1	60	1:20	35
0	70	1:25	40
1	80	1:30	45

图1 皂苷含量标准曲线

Fig.1 The standard curve of saponin content

图2 不同乙醇体积分数对皂苷提取率的影响

Fig.2 Effect of different ethanol volume fraction on the extraction rate of saponins

图3 不同料液比对皂苷提取率的影响

Fig.3 Effect of different solid-liquid ratios on the extraction rate of saponins

图4 不同提取时间对皂苷提取率的影响

Fig.4 Effect of different extraction time on the extraction rate of saponins

表2 响应面试验结果

Table 2 Response surface test results

编号 No.	A	B	C	提取率 Extraction rate/%
1	0	0	0	5.56
2	-1	1	0	3.37
3	0	0	0	5.62
4	1	0	1	4.55
5	-1	0	1	3.47
6	0	0	0	5.59
7	0	1	-1	4.94
8	0	-1	-1	4.76
9	0	1	1	5.01
10	-1	-1	0	3.19
11	0	-1	1	4.84
12	1	-1	0	4.20
13	0	0	0	5.59
14	-1	0	-1	3.33
15	1	1	0	4.30
16	0	0	0	5.56
17	1	0	-1	4.44

图5 不同乙醇体积分数和料液比的相互作用 A,3D响应面图;B,等高线图。图5-图7同。

Fig.5 Interaction of ethanol volume fractions and solid-liquid ratios A, 3D response surface map; B, Contour map.The same as in Figure 5-7.

图6 不同乙醇体积分数和提取时间的相互作用

Fig.6 Interaction of ethanol volume fractions and extraction time

图7 不同料液比和提取时间的相互作用

Fig.7 Interaction of solid-liquid ratios and extraction time

表3 回归方程系数显著性检验

Table 3 Significance test of the coefficients of the regression equation

来源 Source	自由度 Degree of freedom	平方和 Sum of square	均方 Mean square	F值 F value	P值 P value
模型	9	11.87	1.32	756.83	<0.000 1
A	1	2.13	2.13	1 223.84	<0.000 1
B	1	0.049 6	0.049 6	28.48	0.001 1
C	1	0.020 0	0.020 0	11.48	0.011 6
AB	1	0.001 6	0.001 6	0.918 4	0.369 8
AC	1	0.000 2	0.000 2	0.129 2	0.729 9
BC	1	0.000 0	0.000 0	0.014 4	0.908 0
A²	1	8.01	8.01	4 599.35	<0.000 1
B²	1	0.813 3	0.813 3	466.84	<0.000 1
C²	1	0.278 1	0.278 1	159.63	<0.000 1
失拟项Lack of fit	3	0.009 7	0.003 2	5.12	0.074 3
误差Error	4	0.002 5	0.000 6
总和Sum	16	11.88

图8 DPPH自由基清除率(A)及样品和阳性对照的比较(B)拟合曲线图(A)中红线代表阳性对照VC,黑线代表样品溶液。下同。

Fig.8 DPPH scavenging rate (A) and comperison of samples and positive control (B) fitting curve Red line stands for positive control (VC), black line stands for samples in Fig (A). The same as below.

图9 ABTS自由基清除率(A)及样品和阳性对照的比较(B)拟合曲线

Fig.9 ABTS scavenging rate (A) and comparison of samples and positive control (B) fitting curve

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多花黄精根须皂苷的提取工艺及其抗氧化活性研究

Study on the extraction processing and antioxidant activities of saponins from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua roots

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