浙江省百合灰葡萄孢菌的生物学特性及防治药剂筛选

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250558

浙江农业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (7): 1388-1399.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250558

浙江省百合灰葡萄孢菌的生物学特性及防治药剂筛选

蒋沅均¹^,²(), 付曼曼², 程凡¹, 吴超²^,^*()

¹ 三峡大学生物与制药学院, 天然产物研究与利用湖北省重点实验室, 湖北宜昌 443002
² 浙江省农业科学院园艺所, 浙江杭州 310021

收稿日期:2025-08-26 出版日期:2026-07-25 发布日期:2026-08-20
作者简介:蒋沅均,主要从事植物分子育种及病害防治研究。E-mail:18274582247@163.com
通讯作者: *吴超,E-mail: wuchao@zaas.ac.cn
基金资助:
浙江省农业重大技术协同推广计划(2023ZDXT11-2)

Biological characteristics of Botrytis cinerea (gray mold) of lily in Zhejiang Province of China and screening of their control fungicides

JIANG Yuanjun¹^,²(), FU Manman², CHENG Fan¹, WU Chao²^,^*()

¹ Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Utilization, College of Biological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China
² Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China

Received:2025-08-26 Published:2026-07-25 Online:2026-08-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为系统探究我国浙江地区百合灰霉病病原菌的生长规律及其对杀菌剂的敏感性,本研究通过分离纯化获得致病菌株HM-G,通过结合形态学观察与分子生物学鉴定明确了菌株种类,采用生物学特性分析确定了其最适生长条件;并在离体接种条件下评价其对不同百合品种的致病性,同时利用平板对峙法对16种杀菌剂进行抑菌效果筛选。结果显示,HM-G菌株为灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea),其最适生长基质为马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂(PDA)培养基、最适温度为25 ℃,且其菌丝在12 h/12 h光暗交替条件下生长最快。致病性评价中,12个百合品种的病情指数达40以上,其中5个品种总发病率超70%。杀菌剂筛选结果显示,500倍液的50%多菌灵(抑菌率39.41%)和625倍液的400 g·L^-1嘧霉胺(抑菌率42.80%)对该菌株有明显抑制效果,同时,HM-G菌株表现出高温敏感、抗药性明显、侵染性强及发病率高的特点。本研究明确了浙江地区百合灰霉病的主要致病类型及其生长特性,为该地区百合灰霉病防控策略的制定与抗病育种工作提供了理论依据。

关键词: 百合, 灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea), 生物学特性, 药剂筛选

Abstract:

To systematically investigate the growth patterns of the pathogen causing lily gray mold and its sensitivity to fungicides in Zhejiang Province, this study obtained the pathogenic strain HM-G through isolation and purification. The species of the strain was identified by combining morphological observation and molecular biological analysis, while its optimal growth conditions were determined via biological characteristic assessment. Additionally, the pathogenicity of HM-G toward different lily cultivars was evaluated under in vitro inoculation conditions, and the inhibitory effects of 16 fungicides were screened using the plate confrontation method. The results showed that strain HM-G was identified as Botrytis cinerea(the causal agent of gray mold). Its optimal growth medium was PDA medium, with the optimal temperature being 25 ℃, and mycelial growth was fastest under a 12 h/12 h light-dark cycle. In the pathogenicity assessment, 12 lily cultivars exhibited a disease index of over 40, among which 5 cultivars had a total incidence rate exceeding 70%. For fungicide screening, 50% carbendazim (500-fold dilution, with an inhibition rate of 39.41%) and 400 g·L^-1 pyrimethanil (625-fold dilution, with an inhibition rate of 42.80%) showed significant inhibitory effects on HM-G. Meanwhile, strain HM-G displayed characteristics of high-temperature sensitivity, obvious drug resistance, strong infectivity, and high incidence rate. This study clarified the main pathogenic type and growth characteristics of lily gray mold in Zhejiang Province, providing a theoretical basis for formulating prevention and control strategies against this disease and advancing disease-resistant breeding efforts for lilies in the region.

Key words: lily, Botrytis cinerea, biological characteristic, fungicide screening

中图分类号:

S432.44

蒋沅均, 付曼曼, 程凡, 吴超. 浙江省百合灰葡萄孢菌的生物学特性及防治药剂筛选[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(7): 1388-1399.

JIANG Yuanjun, FU Manman, CHENG Fan, WU Chao. Biological characteristics of Botrytis cinerea (gray mold) of lily in Zhejiang Province of China and screening of their control fungicides[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(7): 1388-1399.

图/表 10

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品种 Variety	品系 Strain
司库 Siku	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids
望景楼 Wangjinglou	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum
伊迪莎 Editha	东方百合 Oriental Hybrids
沙漠橙 Desert Orange	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum
粉瑞拉 Pink Rilla	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids
黄色苏蕾 Yellow Sully	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum
烦恼 Trouble	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum
印度夏日 Indian Summerset	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum
拉蒙 Ramon	东方百合 Oriental Hybrids
粉色雷诺 Pink Renault	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum
桑德兰 Sunderland	OT杂交百合 Oriental×Trumpet
红色活力 Red Vitality	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids
帝王黄 Imperial Yellow	OT杂交百合 Oriental×Trumpet
伊萨贝拉 Isabella	东方百合 Oriental Hybrids
那升维尔 Nashville	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids
天使 Angel	东方百合 Oriental Hybrids
眼线 Eyeliner	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum
红鹰 Red Eagle	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids

品种 Variety	品系 Strain
司库 Siku	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids
望景楼 Wangjinglou	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum
伊迪莎 Editha	东方百合 Oriental Hybrids
沙漠橙 Desert Orange	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum
粉瑞拉 Pink Rilla	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids
黄色苏蕾 Yellow Sully	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum
烦恼 Trouble	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum
印度夏日 Indian Summerset	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum
拉蒙 Ramon	东方百合 Oriental Hybrids
粉色雷诺 Pink Renault	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum
桑德兰 Sunderland	OT杂交百合 Oriental×Trumpet
红色活力 Red Vitality	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids
帝王黄 Imperial Yellow	OT杂交百合 Oriental×Trumpet
伊萨贝拉 Isabella	东方百合 Oriental Hybrids
那升维尔 Nashville	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids
天使 Angel	东方百合 Oriental Hybrids
眼线 Eyeliner	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum
红鹰 Red Eagle	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids

品种 Variety	品系 Strain	正面发病率/% Front incidence rate/%	背面发病率/% Back incidence rate/%	总发病率/% Total incidence rate/%	病情指数 Disease index
司库 Siku	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids	90.0	80.0	85.0	83.3±3.0 a
望景楼 Wangjinglou	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum	100.0	100.0	100.0	70.3±5.1 b
伊迪莎 Editha	东方百合 Oriental Hybrids	70.0	60.0	65.0	67.4±7.8 bc
沙漠橙 Desert Orange	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum	100.0	80.0	90.0	62.6±2.8 cd
粉瑞拉 Pink Rilla	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids	60.0	80.0	70.0	59.3±1.7 de
黄色苏蕾 Yellow Sully	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum	80.0	20.0	50.0	55.2±5.1 ef
烦恼 Trouble	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum	80.0	50.0	65.0	50.4±2.8 fg
印度夏日 Indian Summerset	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum	100.0	60.0	80.0	50.0±1.1 fg
拉蒙 Ramon	东方百合 Oriental Hybrids	70.0	20.0	45.0	49.3±3.5 fgh
粉色雷诺 Pink Renault	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum	70.0	30.0	50.0	44.8±3.4 ghi
桑德兰 Sunderland	OT杂交百合 Oriental×Trumpet	80.0	30.0	55.0	43.0±3.6 ij
红色活力 Red Vitality	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids	80.0	40.0	60.0	40.4±1.7 jk
帝王黄 Imperial Yellow	OT杂交百合 Oriental×Trumpet	60.0	20.0	40.0	38.9±4.0 jkl
伊萨贝拉 Isabella	东方百合 Oriental Hybrids	70.0	30.0	50.0	34.8±2.8 klm
那升维尔 Nashville	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids	50.0	10.0	30.0	32.6±5.0 lm
天使 Angel	东方百合 Oriental Hybrids	40.0	10.0	25.0	30.0±3.3 m
眼线 Eyeliner	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum	60.0	10.0	35.0	15.6±2.3 n
红鹰 Red Eagle	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids	40.0	0	20.0	7.4±1.7 o

品种 Variety	品系 Strain	正面发病率/% Front incidence rate/%	背面发病率/% Back incidence rate/%	总发病率/% Total incidence rate/%	病情指数 Disease index
司库 Siku	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids	90.0	80.0	85.0	83.3±3.0 a
望景楼 Wangjinglou	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum	100.0	100.0	100.0	70.3±5.1 b
伊迪莎 Editha	东方百合 Oriental Hybrids	70.0	60.0	65.0	67.4±7.8 bc
沙漠橙 Desert Orange	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum	100.0	80.0	90.0	62.6±2.8 cd
粉瑞拉 Pink Rilla	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids	60.0	80.0	70.0	59.3±1.7 de
黄色苏蕾 Yellow Sully	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum	80.0	20.0	50.0	55.2±5.1 ef
烦恼 Trouble	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum	80.0	50.0	65.0	50.4±2.8 fg
印度夏日 Indian Summerset	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum	100.0	60.0	80.0	50.0±1.1 fg
拉蒙 Ramon	东方百合 Oriental Hybrids	70.0	20.0	45.0	49.3±3.5 fgh
粉色雷诺 Pink Renault	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum	70.0	30.0	50.0	44.8±3.4 ghi
桑德兰 Sunderland	OT杂交百合 Oriental×Trumpet	80.0	30.0	55.0	43.0±3.6 ij
红色活力 Red Vitality	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids	80.0	40.0	60.0	40.4±1.7 jk
帝王黄 Imperial Yellow	OT杂交百合 Oriental×Trumpet	60.0	20.0	40.0	38.9±4.0 jkl
伊萨贝拉 Isabella	东方百合 Oriental Hybrids	70.0	30.0	50.0	34.8±2.8 klm
那升维尔 Nashville	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids	50.0	10.0	30.0	32.6±5.0 lm
天使 Angel	东方百合 Oriental Hybrids	40.0	10.0	25.0	30.0±3.3 m
眼线 Eyeliner	LA杂交百合 Lilium Asiatic×Longiflorum	60.0	10.0	35.0	15.6±2.3 n
红鹰 Red Eagle	亚洲百合 Asiatic Hybrids	40.0	0	20.0	7.4±1.7 o

药剂名称 Pesticide name	剂型 Formulation	药剂稀释倍数 Dilution times	菌落平均直径/mm Average colony diameter/mm	抑菌率/% Inhibition rate/%
60%苯醚甲环唑 60% Difenoconazole	可湿性粉剂 Wettable powder	1 000	46.30±2.64 cd	23.61
66.8%丙森·缬霉威 66.8% Propineb iprovalicarb	可湿性粉剂 Wettable powder	1 000	―	0
80%代森锰锌 80% Mancozeb	可湿性粉剂 Wettable powder	500	48.74±1.23 bcd	18.75
50%多菌灵 50% Carbendazim	可湿性粉剂 Wettable powder	500	38.38±1.12 e	39.41
64%恶霜·锰锌 64% Oxadixyl mancozeb	可湿性粉剂 Wettable powder	500	50.52±0.78 bc	15.20
62.5 g·L^-1精甲·咯菌腈 62.5 g·L^-1 Mefenoxam fludioxonil	悬浮剂 SC	1 000	―	0
40%菌核净 40%Dimethachlon	可湿性粉剂 WP	250	45.54±0.57 d	25.13
20%硫磺·三唑酮 20% Sulfur triadimefon	可湿性粉剂 WP	625	―	0
50%氯溴异氰尿酸 50% Chlorobromoisocyanuric acid	可湿性粉剂 WP	1 000	―	0
250 g·L^-1嘧菌酯 250 g·L^-1 Azoxystrobin	悬浮剂 Suspension concentrate	1 000	―	0
400 g·L^-1嘧霉胺 400 g·L^-1 Pyrimethanil	悬浮剂 Suspension concentrate	625	36.68±0.49 e	42.80
25%氰烯菌酯 25% Phenamacril	悬浮剂 Suspension concentrate	500	―	0
430 g·L^-1戊唑醇 430 g·L^-1 Tebuconazole	悬浮剂 Suspension concentrate	2000	51.36±1.23 b	13.52
50%烯酰吗啉 50% Dimethomorph	可湿性粉剂WP	1 000	―	0
80%乙蒜素 80% Ethyl allicin	乳油 Emulsifiable concentrate	1 000	―	0
2%中生·四霉素 2% Zhongshengmycin Tetramycin	可溶性液剂 Soluble liquid	1 000	―	0
CK	―	―	58.14±0.37 a	―

浙江省百合灰葡萄孢菌的生物学特性及防治药剂筛选

Biological characteristics of Botrytis cinerea (gray mold) of lily in Zhejiang Province of China and screening of their control fungicides

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