大棚‘早钟6号’枇杷果实发育与品质积累特性

浙江农业学报

大棚‘早钟6号’枇杷果实发育与品质积累特性

（1浙江省玉环县林业特产局，浙江玉环 317600；2浙江省农业科学院园艺研究所，浙江杭州310021）

出版日期:2014-09-25 发布日期:2014-10-11

Characteristics of fruit development and quality accumulation in ‘Zaozhong 6’ loquat in greenhouse

（1 Yuhuan Forest & Special Product Bureau， Yuhuan 317600， China; 2 Institute of Horticulture， Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Hangzhou 310021， China）

Online:2014-09-25 Published:2014-10-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以大棚和露地栽培的‘早钟6号’枇杷为试材，测定了枇杷果实发育过程中单果重、色泽与糖、有机酸等品质成分含量的动态变化。结果表明，大棚设施栽培提高了早春棚内温度，有利于促进果实提早发育与成熟，成熟期比露地提早约40～50 d，平均单果重61 g左右、比露地提高了69%。露地与大棚枇杷中葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖的变化趋势基本相近，都随果实发育而呈上升趋势，山梨醇则相反，随果实发育呈下降趋势；成熟时大棚枇杷的各种糖分含量均高于露地，以总糖含量计大棚枇杷比露地枇杷高约40%。大棚枇杷的奎宁酸含量在果实发育初期陡降至低位，随后呈缓缓下降趋势至成熟期；而露地果实是先缓缓上升至一高点后再随着果实的快速生长而下降。苹果酸的变化与奎宁酸不同，大棚枇杷的苹果酸先急升5倍后再随着果实的发育呈下降趋势，至成熟时最低；而露地枇杷的苹果酸先有一个缓慢上升的过程，再随着果实发育逐渐下降至成熟时最低。成熟时大棚枇杷的总有机酸含量为034%，仅为露地的一半。因此，大棚环境有利于枇杷果实发育与糖分积累，从而提早成熟、提高品质。

关键词: 早钟6号枇杷, 大棚, 果实发育, 品质

Abstract: The dynamics of fresh weight， color parameter， contents of sugar and organic acid were examined in developing field and greenhouse fruits of ‘Zaozhong 6’ loquat （Eriobotrya japonica（Thunb.）Lindl.）. The results showed the temperature in greenhouse was higher than that in open field in early spring. The greenhouse fruits showed earlier developing and coloring than those of open field fruits， the mature period was 40-50 d earlier than that in the open field， and average fruit weight in greenhouse was about 61 g， increased by 69% than that in open field. Change trends of glucose， fructose， sucrose and sorbitol content of loquat fruit in open field and greenhouse were similar. The glucose， fructose， sucrose content increased with the fruit development， while sorbitol showed a downward trend. The sugar content in greenhouse mature loquat were much higher than that in the open field， the total sugar content was 40% higher than that in open field. In greenhouse， the content of quinic acid in fruit sharply declined to a low content with loquat fruit development initiation， then slowly decreased to the mature stage; while the field fruit was firstly increased to a peak and then decreased slowly with the fruit growth. The change trend of malic acid was different from quinic acid， malic acid in greenhouse loquat had a 5 times rise at first and then decreased with the development of fruit. While malic acid in open field fruit had a slow rise trend at the early stages， and then decreased gradually with the development of fruit. The total organic acid content in mature greenhouse loquat was about 034%， which was only half of that in open field fruit. The above results indicated the greenhouse cultivation increased the temperature of early spring， which was favorable to fruit development and sugar accumulation.

Key words: Zaozhong 6 loquat, greenhouse, fruit development, quality

陈青英1，陈俊伟2，*，徐红霞2，李晓颖2，卢方良1，陈赛红1. 大棚‘早钟6号’枇杷果实发育与品质积累特性 [J]. 浙江农业学报.

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