夏季高温对叶用芥菜外观与营养品质的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240704

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 1262-1271.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240704

夏季高温对叶用芥菜外观与营养品质的影响

刘文琦¹^,²(), 胡齐赞², 岳智臣², 陶鹏², 雷娟利², 李必元², 赵彦婷²^,^*(), 王华森¹^,^*()

1.浙江农林大学园艺科学学院,浙江杭州 311300
2.浙江省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,浙江杭州 310021

收稿日期:2024-08-05 出版日期:2025-06-25 发布日期:2025-07-08
作者简介:刘文琦(1998—),女,江苏南通人,硕士研究生,从事芥菜表型与品质性状研究。E-mail:2955084342@qq.com
通讯作者: *王华森,E-mail:whsych66@163.com;赵彦婷,E-mail:yanting0351@163.com
基金资助:
浙江省瓜菜种质资源表型精准鉴定(芥菜)种质资源鉴定(2023JZJD001)

Effects of high temperature in summer on the appearance and nutritional quality of Brassica juncea

LIU Wenqi¹^,²(), HU Qizan², YUE Zhichen², TAO Peng², LEI Juanli², LI Biyuan², ZHAO Yanting²^,^*(), WANG Huasen¹^,^*()

1. College of Horticultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
2. Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China

Received:2024-08-05 Online:2025-06-25 Published:2025-07-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

浙江省叶用芥菜种类丰富、风味独特、抗逆性强,是耐热速生叶菜开发利用的优异资源。为探究夏季高温对芥菜生长和品质的影响,以20份芥菜种质为材料,从外观、营养、口感3方面比较分析不同季节种植的芥菜种质。结果发现,与秋冬季芥菜相比,夏季芥菜出现叶色褪紫、叶柄伸长、叶面积变小的现象。夏季芥菜的营养品质表现优异,芥子油苷、可溶性糖和抗坏血酸含量显著高于秋冬季芥菜。大多数夏季芥菜种质存在苦味,但苦味与芥子油苷等品质性状间不存在相关性。综上所述,尽管夏季芥菜营养品质表现优异,但叶面积变小、有苦味的性状仍需进一步优化,以提升其综合价值。

关键词: 叶用芥菜, 夏季, 秋冬季, 外观品质, 营养品质, 苦味

Abstract:

The leaf mustard(Brassica juncea) in Zhejiang Province is characterized by its rich variety, unique flavor, and strong stress resistance, making it an excellent resource for the development and utilization of heat-tolerant and fast-growing leafy vegetables. To explore the impact of high temperature in summer on the growth and quality of leaf mustard, 20 germplasms of leaf mustard were used as materials to comparatively analyze the leaf mustard planted in different seasons from three aspects: appearance, nutrition and taste. The results showed that, compared with leaf mustard in fall-winter,leaf mustard in summer exhibited phenomena such as leaf color fading from purple, petiole elongation, and reduced leaf area. The nutritional quality of leaf mustard in summer was excellent, with contents of glucosinolates, soluble sugar, and ascorbic acid significantly higher than those in fall-winter. Most leaf mustard germplasms in summer had a bitter taste, and no correlation was found between bitterness and quality traits including glucosinolates. In summary, although the nutritional quality of leaf mustard is excellent, the reduced leaf area and bitter taste still need further optimization to enhance their overall value.

Key words: leaf mustard, summer, fall-winter, appearance quality, nutritional quality, bitter taste

中图分类号:

S637.2

刘文琦, 胡齐赞, 岳智臣, 陶鹏, 雷娟利, 李必元, 赵彦婷, 王华森. 夏季高温对叶用芥菜外观与营养品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(6): 1262-1271.

LIU Wenqi, HU Qizan, YUE Zhichen, TAO Peng, LEI Juanli, LI Biyuan, ZHAO Yanting, WANG Huasen. Effects of high temperature in summer on the appearance and nutritional quality of Brassica juncea[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(6): 1262-1271.

图/表 14

参考文献 21

[1]	张双照, 李永平, 蒋春艳, 等. 芥菜新品种福芥3号的选育[J]. 长江蔬菜, 2025(8): 28-31.
	ZHANG S Z, LI Y P, JIANG C Y, et al. Breeding of a new leaf mustard cultivar Fujie No.3[J]. Journal of Changjiang Vegetables, 2025(8): 28-31. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]	王洁, 杨晓宾, 王婧, 等. 几种叶用芥菜发芽期耐盐性鉴定与分析[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2019, 60(11): 2028-2030.
	WANG J, YANG X B, WANG J, et al. Identification and analysis of salt tolerance in leaf-edible mustard during germination[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 60(11): 2028-2030. (in Chinese)
[3]	寿晓清, 李燕, 罗充, 等. 不同叶用芥菜品种的抗旱性评价[J]. 分子植物育种, 2019, 17(5): 1658-1666.
	SHOU X Q, LI Y, LUO C, et al. Drought resistance evaluation of different leaf mustard varieties[J]. Molecular Plant Breeding, 2019, 17(5): 1658-1666. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4]	BATOOL U, NAWAZ R, AHMAD S, et al. Physico- and phytochemical properties of Brassica juncea as affected by agroclimatic conditions[J]. Scientific Reports, 2024, 14: 797.
[5]	李晨旭, 任延娜, 姚静, 等. 基于经典人群口尝法的苦味药物“比苦度”定量方法研究[J]. 中草药, 2023, 54(9): 2758-2764.
	LI C X, REN Y N, YAO J, et al. Study on quantitative method of specific bitterness of bitter compounds based on traditional human taste panel method[J]. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, 2023, 54(9): 2758-2764. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[6]	曾围. 芥蓝芽菜中芥子油苷代谢产物功能分析及其调节因子BoaMYB28互作蛋白的筛选[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2021.
	ZENG W. Functional analysis of glucosinolate metabolites and screening of proteins interacting with BoaMYB28 in Chinese kale sprouts[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2021. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[7]	FOYER C H, FLETCHER J M. Plant antioxidants: colour me healthy[J]. Biologist, 2001, 48(3): 115-120.
[8]	VU L D, XU X Y, GEVAERT K, et al. Developmental plasticity at high temperature[J]. Plant Physiology, 2019, 181(2): 399-411.
[9]	QUINT M, DELKER C, FRANKLIN K A, et al. Molecular and genetic control of plant thermomorphogenesis[J]. Nature Plants, 2016, 2: 15190.
[10]	薛思嘉, 杨再强, 李军. 高温对小白菜品质的影响及模拟研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2017, 25(7): 1042-1051.
	XUE S J, YANG Z Q, LI J. Effect of high-temperature on the quality of pakchoi and its simulation[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2017, 25(7): 1042-1051. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]	RASCHKE A, IBAÑEZ C, ULLRICH K K, et al. Natural variants of ELF3 affect thermomorphogenesis by transcriptionally modulating PIF4-dependent auxin response genes[J]. BMC Plant Biology, 2015, 15: 197.
[12]	王凤华, 郭佳, 吴正景, 等. 植物花青素合成的环境调控研究进展[J]. 中国野生植物资源, 2024, 43(2): 78-83.
	WANG F H, GUO J, WU Z J, et al. Progress of environmental regulation on plant anthocyanin biosynthesis[J]. Chinese Wild Plant Resources, 2024, 43(2): 78-83. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13]	蒋艺, 邱正坤, 颜爽爽, 等. 不同逆境胁迫处理对茄子品质指标的影响[J]. 北方园艺, 2023(11): 15-21.
	JIANG Y, QIU Z K, YAN S S, et al. Effects of different stress treatments on quality indexes of eggplant[J]. Northern Horticulture, 2023(11): 15-21. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]	ROWAN D D, CAO M S, KUI L W, et al. Environmental regulation of leaf colour in red 35S: PAP1 Arabidopsis thaliana[J]. New Phytologist, 2009, 182(1): 102-115.
[15]	SOUNDARARAJAN P, KIM J S. Anti-carcinogenic glucosinolates in cruciferous vegetables and their antagonistic effects on prevention of cancers[J]. Molecules, 2018, 23(11): 2983.
[16]	FAHEY J W, ZALCMANN A T, TALALAY P. The chemical diversity and distribution of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates among plants[J]. Phytochemistry, 2001, 56(1): 5-51.
[17]	黄明. 刺梨高含量抗坏血酸积累的分子机理研究[D]. 武汉: 华中农业大学, 2013.
	HUANG M. Molecular mechanism for the accumulation of high content of L-ascorbic acid in chestnut rose[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong Agricultural University, 2013. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]	韩东辰. 温度调控对冰菜生长和品质的影响[J]. 现代园艺, 2023(6): 10-11.
	HAN D C. Effect of temperature control on the growth and quality of iced vegetables[J]. Contemporary Horticulture, 2023(6): 10-11. (in Chinese)
[19]	BAIK H Y, JUVIK J A, JEFFERY E H, et al. Relating glucosinolate content and flavor of broccoli cultivars[J]. Journal of Food Science, 2003, 68(3): 1043-1050.
[20]	ENGEL E, BATY C, LE CORRE D, et al. Flavor-active compounds potentially implicated in cooked cauliflower acceptance[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2002, 50(22): 6459-6467.
[21]	FENWICK G R, GRIFFITHS N M, HEANEY R K. Bitterness in Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea L. var. gemmifera): the role of glucosinolates and their breakdown products[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1983, 34(1): 73-80.

编号 Number	种质名称 Germplasm name	编号 Number	种质名称 Germplasm name
jc6	粗粳芥Cugeng mustard	zjk1	苔用芥Taiyong mustard
jc8	细叶芥菜Xiye mustard	zjk23	粗梗芥菜Cugeng mustard
jc36	九头芥Jiutou mustard	zjk53	雪利红Xuelihong
jc56	小麦芥Xiaomai mustard	zjk66	细叶Xiye
jc61	衢州芥菜Quzhou mustard	zjk92	温州迟芥Wenzhou mustard
jc88	台州芥菜Taizhou mustard	zjk105	余姚缩头种Yuyao mustard
jc105	本地榨菜Bendi mustard	zjk106	阔叶花菜Kuoye mustard
jc122	沧浦芥菜Cangpu mustard	zjk111	豆腐皮芥Doufu mustard
jc130	长尾巴芥Changweiba mustard	zjk140	细叶九头芥Xiye Giutou mustard
jc133	九头芥Jiutou mustard	zjk142	精选雪里蕻Xuelihong

编号 Number	种质名称 Germplasm name	编号 Number	种质名称 Germplasm name
jc6	粗粳芥Cugeng mustard	zjk1	苔用芥Taiyong mustard
jc8	细叶芥菜Xiye mustard	zjk23	粗梗芥菜Cugeng mustard
jc36	九头芥Jiutou mustard	zjk53	雪利红Xuelihong
jc56	小麦芥Xiaomai mustard	zjk66	细叶Xiye
jc61	衢州芥菜Quzhou mustard	zjk92	温州迟芥Wenzhou mustard
jc88	台州芥菜Taizhou mustard	zjk105	余姚缩头种Yuyao mustard
jc105	本地榨菜Bendi mustard	zjk106	阔叶花菜Kuoye mustard
jc122	沧浦芥菜Cangpu mustard	zjk111	豆腐皮芥Doufu mustard
jc130	长尾巴芥Changweiba mustard	zjk140	细叶九头芥Xiye Giutou mustard
jc133	九头芥Jiutou mustard	zjk142	精选雪里蕻Xuelihong

苦度口感描述 Description of bitter taste	苦度值的等级 Levels of bitterness value	苦度值范围 Bitterness intensity range
几乎无苦味Nearly bitter-free	Ⅰ	0
略有苦味Slightly bitter	Ⅱ	1~2
可接受的苦味Acceptable bitter	Ⅲ	3~4
不能忍受的苦味Intolerable bitter	Ⅳ	5

苦度口感描述 Description of bitter taste	苦度值的等级 Levels of bitterness value	苦度值范围 Bitterness intensity range
几乎无苦味Nearly bitter-free	Ⅰ	0
略有苦味Slightly bitter	Ⅱ	1~2
可接受的苦味Acceptable bitter	Ⅲ	3~4
不能忍受的苦味Intolerable bitter	Ⅳ	5

编号 Number	秋冬叶色 Leaf color in fall-winter	夏季叶色 Leaf color in summer	编号 Number	秋冬叶色 Leaf color in fall-winter	夏季叶色 Leaf color in summer
jc6	绿色Green	绿色Green	zjk1	绿色Green	浅绿色Light green
jc8	浅绿色Light green	浅绿色Light green	zjk23	绿色Green	绿色Green
jc36	绿色Green	浅绿色Light green	zjk53	绿色Green	绿色Green
jc56	浅绿色Light green	浅绿色Light green	zjk66	紫绿色Purple green	浅绿色Light green
jc61	浅绿色Light green	浅绿色Light green	zjk92	紫绿色Purple green	浅绿色Light green
jc88	绿色Green	绿色Green	zjk105	绿色Green	浅绿色Light green
jc105	浅绿色Light green	浅绿色Light green	zjk106	浅绿色Light green	浅绿色Light green
jc122	绿色Green	绿色Green	zjk111	紫绿色Purple green	浅绿色Light green
jc130	绿色Green	绿色Green	zjk140	绿色Green	绿色Green
jc133	浅绿色Light green	浅绿色Light green	zjk142	浅绿色Light green	浅绿色Light green

夏季高温对叶用芥菜外观与营养品质的影响

Effects of high temperature in summer on the appearance and nutritional quality of Brassica juncea

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 14

参考文献 21

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

编号 Number	秋冬季叶柄长 Petiole length in fall-winter	夏季叶柄长 Petiole length in summer	编号 Number	秋冬季叶柄长 Petiole length in fall-winter	夏季叶柄长 Petiole length in summer
jc6	2.27±0.15	2.67±0.15	zjk1	1.77±0.21	2.33±0.32
jc8	1.63±0.06	2.45±0.05	zjk23	1.40±0.10	2.37±0.21
jc36	2.77±0.15	1.72±0.08	zjk53	2.87±0.15	5.10±0.13
jc56	1.67±0.25	2.47±0.21	zjk66	1.30±0.10	2.10±0.10
jc61	1.73±0.15	1.27±0.21	zjk92	1.00±0.20	1.45±0.18
jc88	2.40±0.10	3.30±0.10	zjk105	1.83±0.21	2.66±0.05
jc105	1.37±0.32	2.50±0.10	zjk106	1.50±0.10	2.39±0.25
jc122	1.30±0.44	1.10±0.10	zjk111	1.33±0.15	2.07±0.21
jc130	1.80±0.10	2.50±0.10	zjk140	2.53±0.15	4.33±0.15
jc133	1.23±0.25	1.63±0.15	zjk142	2.77±0.21	4.09±0.25

编号 Number	秋冬叶面积 Leaf area in fall-winter	夏季叶面积 Leaf area in summer	编号 Number	秋冬叶面积 Leaf area in fall-winter	夏季叶面积 Leaf area in summer
jc6	230.20±5.24	152.07±4.61	zjk1	240.20±7.62	166.30±4.10
jc8	147.00±2.00	82.50±2.33	zjk23	349.77±2.74	275.33±9.29
jc36	257.43±2.85	184.37±2.44	zjk53	211.03±5.80	123.23±7.37
jc56	320.93±6.69	235.17±4.92	zjk66	290.50±4.65	213.03±3.00
jc61	268.20±2.35	147.87±8.47	zjk92	320.27±5.42	228.27±2.41
jc88	281.00±7.94	147.93±7.02	zjk105	243.57±7.65	216.97±5.69
jc105	185.13±10.40	111.10±2.10	zjk106	188.73±2.15	110.33±2.97
jc122	266.60±2.80	173.73±3.31	zjk111	272.80±5.13	209.03±2.58
jc130	213.87±2.21	157.57±1.50	zjk140	179.63±3.17	145.57±2.89
jc133	253.10±1.61	167.83±3.45	zjk142	192.57±6.08	206.30±9.35

[1]	茹朝, 郁继华, 武玥, 冯致, 缑兆辉, 金宁, 王舒亚, 刘泽慈, 吕剑. 化肥减量配施生物有机肥对露地大白菜产量及品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(8): 1626-1637.
[2]	莫言玲, 张文静, 罗亚兰, 曾静, 陈静静, 刘义华. 宽柄芥种质资源农艺性状与营养品质性状鉴定与评价[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(2): 317-328.
[3]	廖平强, 陈国奇, 刘光明, 蒋岩, 赵灿, 王维领, 霍中洋. 不同密度异型莎草和水苋菜对水稻产量及稻米加工、外观品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(11): 2348-2357.
[4]	李菊, 颉博杰, 魏守辉, 张国斌, 武玥, 唐中祺, 肖雪梅, 郁继华. 有机肥与化肥配施对松花菜花球营养品质和挥发性物质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(7): 1199-1211.
[5]	王长进, 徐运林, 程昕昕, 周毅, 余海兵. 甜玉米种子营养品质主要性状全基因组关联分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(3): 383-389.
[6]	翟克清, 张昕昱, 周念念, 安玉兰, 雷玥, 高洁, 甘德芳, 刘文, 何晓梅. 光学干涉膜下生菜的生理指标变化及品质分析[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2019, 31(9): 1493-1501.
[7]	王淑珍, 张亚惠, 裘劼人, 周历萍, 陈思思, 柴伟国, 毛碧增. 不同倍性草莓品种性状比较[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2019, 31(6): 893-899.
[8]	苗晓茸, 刘俊英, 张前兵, 李菲菲, 孙艳梅, 于磊, 马春晖. 喷施硼、钼肥对滴灌紫花苜蓿生产性能及营养品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2019, 31(10): 1583-1590.
[9]	商佳胤, 李凯, 王超霞, 孙建军, 集贤, 王丹, 苏宏, 张晓磊, 田淑芬. 夏季修剪对巨玫瑰葡萄果实品质及6种芳香化合物的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2019, 31(10): 1639-1646.
[10]	胡丽萍, 周国兴, 刘光敏, 王亚钦, 何洪巨. 组配改良剂对铅胁迫萝卜营养品质及铅积累的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2018, 30(4): 592-599.
[11]	赵国富, 王金敖, 谢庭辉. 红颜草莓不同发育时期营养品质及香气变化[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2018, 30(12): 2044-2048.
[12]	邓晓雷, 潘晶晶, 祝水金, 陈进红. 铃期极端高温对转iaaM基因棉花棉铃产量性状、纤维品质和棉仁营养品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2018, 30(11): 1805-1810.
[13]	李先明;秦仲麒*;涂俊凡;杨夫臣;朱红艳;伍涛. 不同类型纸袋套袋处理对梨果实品质的影响[J]. , 2012, 24(6): 0-1003.
[14]	衣申艳;陆国权;*. 不同培养条件对甘薯芽菜生长和营养品质的影响[J]. , 2011, 23(2): 0-214.
[15]	赵宁春;张小明;叶胜海;程方民;*. 不同栽培方式和施氮量对稻米营养品质及植酸积累的影响[J]. , 2009, 21(3): 0-263.

编号 Number	秋冬 Fall- winter	夏季 Summer	编号 Number	秋冬 Fall- winter	夏季 Summer
jc6	0.1	2.2	zjk1	0	1.2
jc8	0	1.8	zjk23	0	0.5
jc36	0.1	4.4	zjk53	0.1	2.0
jc56	0.1	4.4	zjk66	0.1	4.3
jc61	0.1	5.0	zjk92	0	1.8
jc88	0.1	2.4	zjk105	0.1	4.7
jc105	0.1	4.0	zjk106	0.1	3.5
jc122	0	1.8	zjk111	0	0.9
jc130	0	1.4	zjk140	0.1	4.2
jc133	0.1	4.8	zjk142	0.1	4.5

编号 Number	秋冬 Fall- winter	夏季 Summer	编号 Number	秋冬 Fall- winter	夏季 Summer
jc6	0.1	2.2	zjk1	0	1.2
jc8	0	1.8	zjk23	0	0.5
jc36	0.1	4.4	zjk53	0.1	2.0
jc56	0.1	4.4	zjk66	0.1	4.3
jc61	0.1	5.0	zjk92	0	1.8
jc88	0.1	2.4	zjk105	0.1	4.7
jc105	0.1	4.0	zjk106	0.1	3.5
jc122	0	1.8	zjk111	0	0.9
jc130	0	1.4	zjk140	0.1	4.2
jc133	0.1	4.8	zjk142	0.1	4.5