浙江农业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (12): 2696-2704.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240116
收稿日期:2024-02-01
出版日期:2024-12-25
发布日期:2024-12-27
作者简介:张雅茹(1995—),女,甘肃定西人,硕士研究生,主要从事蔬菜栽培与生理生态研究。E-mail:471310555@qq.com
通讯作者:
*颉建明,E-mail:xiejianming@gsau.edu.cn;基金资助:
ZHANG Yaru(
), XIE Jianming(
), ZHANG Jing(
), YANG Xuzhen, WU Zhiguo
Received:2024-02-01
Online:2024-12-25
Published:2024-12-27
摘要:
采用基质栽培,以大菠6号菠菜为试材,叶面喷施不同浓度(5、50、150、300、450 mg·L-1)的纳米零价铁(NZVI),研究纳米铁对菠菜生长、光合特性及品质的影响。结果表明,不同浓度NZVI处理均能提高菠菜的生物量、光合作用及叶片可溶性糖与维生素C含量,且随着NIVI浓度增加均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,以150 mg·L-1的增加幅度最大。与CK相比,其干重、鲜重分别提高75.73%、49.44%,净光合速率Pn、气孔导度Gs、蒸腾速率Tr,分别提高48.39%、52.34%和52.38%,根系活力提高80.21%,可溶性糖、维生素C含量分别提高42.34%、25.60%。不同浓度NZVI处理均可不同程度影响硝酸盐和草酸的含量,其中以150 mg·L-1NZVI处理降幅最大,分别为64.56%、56.86%。
中图分类号:
张雅茹, 颉建明, 张婧, 杨旭珍, 吴志国. 叶面喷施纳米铁对菠菜生长及品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(12): 2696-2704.
ZHANG Yaru, XIE Jianming, ZHANG Jing, YANG Xuzhen, WU Zhiguo. Effect of foliar spraying of iron nanoparticles on the growth and quality of spinach[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(12): 2696-2704.
| 处理 Treatment | 单株鲜重Fresh weight/g | 单株干重Dry weight/g | 叶面积 Leaf area/ cm2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 总鲜重 Total Fresh weight | 地上部 Shoot | 地下部 Root | 总干重 Total Dry weight | 地上部 Shoot | 地下部 Root | ||
| CK | 4.820±0.07 c | 3.247±0.227 cd | 1.573±0.189 b | 0.412±0.04 cd | 0.357±0.041 c | 0.046±0.001 cd | 598.59±13.75 c |
| T1 | 5.640±0.14 b | 3.970±0.124 bc | 1.670±0.035ab | 0.510±0.03 b | 0.403±0.023 c | 0.070±0.005 bc | 619.31±8.38 bc |
| T2 | 6.057±0.02 b | 4.330±0.125 b | 1.827±0.113ab | 0.620±0.04 b | 0.457±0.038 b | 0.083±0.002 ab | 665.26±26.44 b |
| T3 | 7.203±0.45 a | 5.200±0.414 a | 2.003±0.077 a | 0.724±0.05 a | 0.527±0.052 a | 0.098±0.001 a | 715.07±19.34 a |
| T4 | 5.627±0.25 b | 3.790±0.225 bc | 1.837±0.039 a | 0.458±0.03 c | 0.403±0.015 c | 0.063±0.012 c | 632.49±5.81 bc |
| T5 | 4.137±0.35 c | 2.983±0.277 d | 1.453±0.094 b | 0.351±0.02 d | 0.320±0.015 c | 0.041±0.002 d | 550.63±6.15 d |
表1 纳米零价铁对菠菜生物量和叶面积的影响
Table 1 Effect of NZVI on biomass and leaf area of spinach
| 处理 Treatment | 单株鲜重Fresh weight/g | 单株干重Dry weight/g | 叶面积 Leaf area/ cm2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 总鲜重 Total Fresh weight | 地上部 Shoot | 地下部 Root | 总干重 Total Dry weight | 地上部 Shoot | 地下部 Root | ||
| CK | 4.820±0.07 c | 3.247±0.227 cd | 1.573±0.189 b | 0.412±0.04 cd | 0.357±0.041 c | 0.046±0.001 cd | 598.59±13.75 c |
| T1 | 5.640±0.14 b | 3.970±0.124 bc | 1.670±0.035ab | 0.510±0.03 b | 0.403±0.023 c | 0.070±0.005 bc | 619.31±8.38 bc |
| T2 | 6.057±0.02 b | 4.330±0.125 b | 1.827±0.113ab | 0.620±0.04 b | 0.457±0.038 b | 0.083±0.002 ab | 665.26±26.44 b |
| T3 | 7.203±0.45 a | 5.200±0.414 a | 2.003±0.077 a | 0.724±0.05 a | 0.527±0.052 a | 0.098±0.001 a | 715.07±19.34 a |
| T4 | 5.627±0.25 b | 3.790±0.225 bc | 1.837±0.039 a | 0.458±0.03 c | 0.403±0.015 c | 0.063±0.012 c | 632.49±5.81 bc |
| T5 | 4.137±0.35 c | 2.983±0.277 d | 1.453±0.094 b | 0.351±0.02 d | 0.320±0.015 c | 0.041±0.002 d | 550.63±6.15 d |
| 处理 Treatment | 叶绿素a含量 Chlorophyll a content | 叶绿素b含量 Chlorophyll b content | 叶绿素(a+b)含量 Chlorophyll (a+b) content |
|---|---|---|---|
| CK | 1.582±0.07 cd | 0.535±0.017 d | 2.117±0.058 d |
| T1 | 1.608±0.06 cd | 0.577±0.017 c | 2.185±0.052 cd |
| T2 | 1.840±0.01 b | 0.621±0.015 b | 2.461±0.009 b |
| T3 | 2.082±0.01 a | 0.755±0.002 a | 2.836±0.005 a |
| T4 | 1.676±0.01 bc | 0.629±0.004 b | 2.305±0.004 bc |
| T5 | 1.444±0.14 d | 0.418±0.002 e | 1.617±0.026 e |
表2 纳米零价铁对菠菜叶绿素含量的影响
Table 2 Effect of NZVI on chlorophyll content in spinach leaves mg·g-1
| 处理 Treatment | 叶绿素a含量 Chlorophyll a content | 叶绿素b含量 Chlorophyll b content | 叶绿素(a+b)含量 Chlorophyll (a+b) content |
|---|---|---|---|
| CK | 1.582±0.07 cd | 0.535±0.017 d | 2.117±0.058 d |
| T1 | 1.608±0.06 cd | 0.577±0.017 c | 2.185±0.052 cd |
| T2 | 1.840±0.01 b | 0.621±0.015 b | 2.461±0.009 b |
| T3 | 2.082±0.01 a | 0.755±0.002 a | 2.836±0.005 a |
| T4 | 1.676±0.01 bc | 0.629±0.004 b | 2.305±0.004 bc |
| T5 | 1.444±0.14 d | 0.418±0.002 e | 1.617±0.026 e |
图1 纳米零价铁对菠菜胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、净光合速率(Pn)的影响 不同处理间无相同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。
Fig.1 Effect of NZVI on intercellular carbon dioxide (Ci), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs), and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) in spinach The bars without the same lowercase letter indicated significant differences at P<0.05. The same as below.
| 处理 Treatment | 总根长 Total root length/cm | 根表面积 Root surface area/cm2 | 根体积 Root volume/cm3 | 根尖数 Root tips |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | 1 171.39±96.344 c | 451.51±4.977 bc | 12.47±0.605 c | 986.33±63.803 c |
| T1 | 1 593.02±16.435 b | 507.72±20.374 bc | 13.29±0.974 c | 1 178.67±90.757 bc |
| T2 | 1 817.58±79.567 b | 524.23±8.810 bc | 16.92±0.834 b | 1 229.33±60.333 bc |
| T3 | 2 272.16±40.964 a | 762.92±11.883 a | 20.40±0.476 a | 1 618.67±93.861 a |
| T4 | 1 210.33±42.045 c | 535.20±5.360 b | 16.01±0.884 b | 1 263.33±32.258 b |
| T5 | 1 102.99±25.601 c | 422.09±72.341 c | 9.89±1.047 d | 866.33±74.196 d |
表3 纳米零价铁对菠菜根系形态结构的影响
Table 3 Effect of NZVI on the morphological structure of spinach roots
| 处理 Treatment | 总根长 Total root length/cm | 根表面积 Root surface area/cm2 | 根体积 Root volume/cm3 | 根尖数 Root tips |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | 1 171.39±96.344 c | 451.51±4.977 bc | 12.47±0.605 c | 986.33±63.803 c |
| T1 | 1 593.02±16.435 b | 507.72±20.374 bc | 13.29±0.974 c | 1 178.67±90.757 bc |
| T2 | 1 817.58±79.567 b | 524.23±8.810 bc | 16.92±0.834 b | 1 229.33±60.333 bc |
| T3 | 2 272.16±40.964 a | 762.92±11.883 a | 20.40±0.476 a | 1 618.67±93.861 a |
| T4 | 1 210.33±42.045 c | 535.20±5.360 b | 16.01±0.884 b | 1 263.33±32.258 b |
| T5 | 1 102.99±25.601 c | 422.09±72.341 c | 9.89±1.047 d | 866.33±74.196 d |
图3 纳米零价铁对菠菜可溶性糖(A)、维生素C(B)、草酸(C)、硝酸盐(D)含量的影响
Fig.3 Effect of NZVI on soluble sugars (A), vitamin C (B), oxalic acid (C) and nitrate (D) contents in spinach
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