四翅滨藜在浙江省的生长适应性及其影响因素

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240005

浙江农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 134-144.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240005

四翅滨藜在浙江省的生长适应性及其影响因素

王湘洁¹(), 韩科峰¹, 马正波², 楼金³, 王帅⁴^,⁵, 吴良欢¹^,^*()

1.浙江大学环境与资源学院,浙江省农业资源与环境重点实验室,浙江杭州 310058
2.中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京 100081
3.浙江趋衡公益基金会,浙江杭州 310063
4.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃兰州 730000
5.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2023-12-27 出版日期:2025-01-25 发布日期:2025-02-14
作者简介:王湘洁(1998—),女,黑龙江大庆人,硕士研究生,主要从事土地与植物资源利用研究。E-mail: 22114146@zju.edu.cn
通讯作者: *吴良欢,E-mail: finm@zju.edu.cn
基金资助:
浙江省科技计划项目(2022C02018);浙江趋衡公益基金会项目(2021)

Adaptability and influencing factors of Atriplex canescens growth in Zhejiang Province, China

WANG Xiangjie¹(), HAN Kefeng¹, MA Zhengbo², LOU Jin³, WANG Shuai⁴^,⁵, WU Lianghuan¹^,^*()

1. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
3. Zhejiang Approaching Balance Foundation, Hangzhou 310063, China
4. Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
5. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2023-12-27 Online:2025-01-25 Published:2025-02-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 四翅滨藜(Atriplex canescens)是藜科(Chenopodiaceae)滨藜属(Atriplex)的多年生半常绿灌木,具有速生、耐干旱、耐贫瘠、抗盐碱等优良特性,可用于水土保持和土壤改良。为探究四翅滨藜在浙江省新垦地上生长的适应性,及其在我国南方典型亚热带季风气候下生长发育的关键影响因素,本研究选择浙江省6个具有代表性的新垦土壤类型进行田间试验,测定四翅滨藜的生长、成活情况,运用主成分分析进行生长适应性评价,通过相关性分析和冗余分析得到影响四翅滨藜生长生活的主要因子。结果表明,在滨海盐碱土上种植四翅滨藜的成活率更高。在北仑和奉化试验点,四翅滨藜的地上部与地下部干物质质量显著(P<0.05)高于其他4个试验点,且分枝数相较于其他地区显著提高67.48%~346.47%。四翅滨藜适合在浙江省滨海盐碱地种植,土壤电导率、土壤pH、年降雨量、土壤碱解氮含量是影响四翅滨藜在浙江省生长和存活的主要因素,土壤电导率在9.51~14.28 dS·m^-1、土壤pH值在7.60~8.16、年降雨量在1 087.7~1 359.7 mm、土壤碱解氮含量在18.43~35.00 mg·kg^-1的地点更适宜种植四翅滨藜。

关键词: 四翅滨藜, 土壤改良, 耐盐碱, 适应性, 新垦地

Abstract:

Atriplex canescens is a perennial semi-evergreen shrub of the genus Atriplex, family Chenopodiaceae. It has excellent characteristics of rapid growth, drought tolerance, barren tolerance, and salt and alkali resistance. In order to explore the adaptability of Atriplex canescens to the newly cultivated land in Zhejiang Province of China and the key factors affecting its growth and development in the typical subtropical monsoon climate, six representative sites of newly cultivated soil in Zhejiang Province were selected, and the survival and growth of Atriplex canescens were analyzed to determine its growth adaptability at each site. The main influencing factors were obtained through correlation analysis and redundancy analysis of the growth and living conditions of Atriplex canescens and climatic factors and soil environmental factors in different regions. The results showed that the survival rate and growth rate of Atriplex canescens planted in coastal salinic-alkali soil were higher than those planted in yellow and red soil. The dry matter weight of aboveground and underground parts in Beilun and Fenghua was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that in the other four areas, and the branching number was increased significantly by 67.48%-346.47% compared with the other areas. The soil electrical conductivity, soil pH value, annual rainfall and soil alkali hydrolysable nitrogen content were the main factors affecting the growth and survival of Atriplex canescens in different regions. In conclusion, Atriplex canescens could be planted in coastal saline-alkali land in Zhejiang Province. Priority should be given to planting sites with soil electrical conductivity of 9.51-14.28 dS·m^-1, soil pH value of 7.60-8.16, annual rainfall of 1 087.7-1 359.7 mm and soil alkali hydrolysable nitrogen content of 18.43-35.00 mg·kg^-1.

Key words: Atriplex canescens, soil improvement, saline-alkali tolerance, adaptability, newly cultivated land

中图分类号:

王湘洁, 韩科峰, 马正波, 楼金, 王帅, 吴良欢. 四翅滨藜在浙江省的生长适应性及其影响因素[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(1): 134-144.

WANG Xiangjie, HAN Kefeng, MA Zhengbo, LOU Jin, WANG Shuai, WU Lianghuan. Adaptability and influencing factors of Atriplex canescens growth in Zhejiang Province, China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2025, 37(1): 134-144.

图/表 8

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试验点 Test site	位置 Location	地理坐标 Geographic coordinates	土壤类型 Soil type	种植面积 Planting area/hm²	种植时间 Planting time
余杭 Yuhang (YH)	杭州市余杭区鸬鸟镇 Luniao Town, Yuhang District, Hangzhou City	30.47'N, 119.74'E	红壤 Red soil	1.34	2021-03-02
奉化 Fenghua (FH)	宁波市奉化区莼湖镇 Chunhu Town, Fenghua District, Ningbo City	29.57'N, 121.52'E	滨海盐土 Coastal saline	1.34	2021-03-25
奉化(山) Fenghua (mountain) (FHM)	宁波市奉化区莼湖镇(山区) Chunhu Town, Fenghua District, Ningbo City (Mountainous area)	29.57'N, 121.41'E	红壤 Red soil	0.67	2021-03-25
婺城 Wucheng (WC)	金华市婺城区琅琊镇 Langya Town, Wucheng District, Jinhua City	29.01'N, 119.48'E	黄泥田 Yellow-clayey paddy soil	1.34	2021-03-24
北仑 Beilun (BL)	宁波市北仑区梅山乡 Meishan Township, Beilun District, Ningbo City	29.77'N, 121.98'E	滨海盐土 Coastal saline	1.34	2021-09-21
乐清 Yueqing (YQ)	温州市乐清市蒲岐镇 Puqi Town, Yueqing City, Wenzhou City	28.11'N, 121.04'E	滨海盐土 Coastal saline	2.01	2022-09-01

试验点 Test site	位置 Location	地理坐标 Geographic coordinates	土壤类型 Soil type	种植面积 Planting area/hm²	种植时间 Planting time
余杭 Yuhang (YH)	杭州市余杭区鸬鸟镇 Luniao Town, Yuhang District, Hangzhou City	30.47'N, 119.74'E	红壤 Red soil	1.34	2021-03-02
奉化 Fenghua (FH)	宁波市奉化区莼湖镇 Chunhu Town, Fenghua District, Ningbo City	29.57'N, 121.52'E	滨海盐土 Coastal saline	1.34	2021-03-25
奉化(山) Fenghua (mountain) (FHM)	宁波市奉化区莼湖镇(山区) Chunhu Town, Fenghua District, Ningbo City (Mountainous area)	29.57'N, 121.41'E	红壤 Red soil	0.67	2021-03-25
婺城 Wucheng (WC)	金华市婺城区琅琊镇 Langya Town, Wucheng District, Jinhua City	29.01'N, 119.48'E	黄泥田 Yellow-clayey paddy soil	1.34	2021-03-24
北仑 Beilun (BL)	宁波市北仑区梅山乡 Meishan Township, Beilun District, Ningbo City	29.77'N, 121.98'E	滨海盐土 Coastal saline	1.34	2021-09-21
乐清 Yueqing (YQ)	温州市乐清市蒲岐镇 Puqi Town, Yueqing City, Wenzhou City	28.11'N, 121.04'E	滨海盐土 Coastal saline	2.01	2022-09-01

试验点 Test site	平均高温 Mean high temperature/℃	平均低温 Mean low temperature/℃	最高气温 Maximum temperature/℃	最低气温 Minimum temperature/℃	年降雨量 Annual rainfall/mm	月最高降雨量 Maximum monthly rainfall/mm	月最低降雨量 Minimum monthly rainfall/mm
YH	22	14	41	-7	974.2	314.3	35.4
FH	23	14	37	-7	1 359.7	401.2	1.4
FHM	21	12	35	-9	1 359.7	401.2	1.4
WC	23	16	38	-4	1 249.9	358.8	17.8
BL	22	15	39	-5	1 386.6	489.2	11.5
YQ	23	15	37	-2	1 087.7	201.9	8.8

试验点 Test site	平均高温 Mean high temperature/℃	平均低温 Mean low temperature/℃	最高气温 Maximum temperature/℃	最低气温 Minimum temperature/℃	年降雨量 Annual rainfall/mm	月最高降雨量 Maximum monthly rainfall/mm	月最低降雨量 Minimum monthly rainfall/mm
YH	22	14	41	-7	974.2	314.3	35.4
FH	23	14	37	-7	1 359.7	401.2	1.4
FHM	21	12	35	-9	1 359.7	401.2	1.4
WC	23	16	38	-4	1 249.9	358.8	17.8
BL	22	15	39	-5	1 386.6	489.2	11.5
YQ	23	15	37	-2	1 087.7	201.9	8.8

试验点Test site	SR	MR
YH	69.2	38.0
FH	72.7	51.2
FHW	79.0	9.1
WC	20.0	16.4
BL	82.3	72.1
YQ	70.3	62.1

四翅滨藜在浙江省的生长适应性及其影响因素

Adaptability and influencing factors of Atriplex canescens growth in Zhejiang Province, China

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试验点 Test site	主成分得分Principal component score		综合得分 Composite score	排序 Order	成活天数 Survivability days	生长适宜性 Suitability for growth
试验点 Test site	PC1	PC2	综合得分 Composite score	排序 Order	成活天数 Survivability days	生长适宜性 Suitability for growth
YH	-1.375	-0.342	-0.942	4	159	不适宜Not suitable
FH	2.706	1.617	1.985	1	149	适宜Suitable
FHW	-2.145	0.462	-1.330	5	91	不适宜Not suitable
WC	-2.333	-0.016	-1.519	6	102	不适宜Not suitable
BL	2.882	0.413	1.931	2	>730	适宜Suitable
YQ	0.265	-2.134	-0.126	3	>365	较适宜Acceptable

试验点 Test site	OM/(g·kg^-1)	AN/(mg·kg^-1)	AP/(mg·kg^-1)	AK/(mg·kg^-1)	pH	EC/(dS·m^-1)
YH	15.68±2.86 ab	45.81±5.70 ab	2.08±0.13 b	193.53±12.60 b	4.79±0.22 d	4.96±3.39 cd
FH	24.08±3.18 a	35.00±3.76 bc	2.71±0.22 a	468.50±89.06 a	8.16±0.14 a	9.86±1.49 b
FHM	6.92±1.42 b	20.07±4.80 c	2.22±0.17 ab	58.67±13.40 c	5.64±0.14 c	7.95±0.51 bc
WC	22.85±9.40 a	54.13±18.64 a	2.20±0.52 ab	239.22±115.30 b	5.19±0.54 cd	3.18±0.36 d
BL	10.05±0.58 b	20.30±0.70 c	2.46±0.34 ab	135.33±5.51 bc	7.60±0.25 b	9.51±1.23 b
YQ	15.32±1.65 ab	18.43±1.46 c	2.16±0.31 ab	469.33±21.36 a	7.87±0.07 ab	14.28±3.37 a

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