贵州雷山茶区土壤-茶叶重金属含量特征及饮茶风险评价

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2020.06.13

浙江农业学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 1049-1059.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2020.06.13

贵州雷山茶区土壤-茶叶重金属含量特征及饮茶风险评价

刘春林¹, 张建¹, 彭益书², 倪莘然¹, 杨瑞东^1,*

1.贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳 550025;
2.贵州大学茶学院,贵州贵阳 550025

收稿日期:2019-10-15 出版日期:2020-06-25 发布日期:2020-06-24
通讯作者: *杨瑞东,E-mail:rdyang@gzu.edu.cn
作者简介:刘春林(1992—),男,贵州六盘水人,硕士研究生,主要从事环境地球化学研究。E-mail: Gzdxzhxylcl@163.com
基金资助:
生态学一流学科(GNYL〔2017〕007); 贵州省教育厅创新群体重大研究项目(黔教合KY字〔2016〕024); 国家自然科学基金(41463009)

Contents and health risks assessment of heavy metals in soil and tea in Leishan, Guizhou Province

LIU Chunlin¹, ZHANG Jian¹, PENG Yishu², NI Xinran¹, YANG Ruidong^1,*

1. College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
2. College of Tea Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China

Received:2019-10-15 Online:2020-06-25 Published:2020-06-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解贵州雷山茶区土壤-茶叶体系重金属含量特征,判断变质岩分布区的植茶适宜性,采集雷山县番召组、清水江组地层分布区茶园24处茶叶及其同点配套土壤样品,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-AES)测定茶叶、土壤中10种重金属元素(As、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn、Mn)的含量。结果表明:研究区土壤重金属的平均含量均低于国家限定标准,但Hg含量高出贵州省A层土壤背景值。地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法评价结果均表明,Hg为雷山茶区土壤主要的污染因子。对照国家标准,雷山茶叶重金属含量未超标,且符合富锌要求。茶树老叶和嫩叶中的重金属含量从高到低依次为Mn>Zn>Cu>Ni>Cr>Co>Cd,嫩叶对Cu、Zn、Ni、Co的富集能力强于老叶,而老叶对Mn、Pb、Hg、Cd、Cr、As的富集能力强于嫩叶。饮茶健康风险评价结果显示:嫩叶茶不会对人体造成健康风险;但当以老叶茶作为日常饮品时,成年女性和儿童需要注意Mn的摄入。

关键词: 贵州, 茶园土壤, 重金属, 生态风险

Abstract: In order to understand the characteristics of heavy metals contents in soil-tea system in the distribution area of Fanzhao and Qingshuijiang in Leishan County, Guizhou Province, and estimate the suitability of tea plantation in the distribution area of metamorphic rocks, tea leaves and corresponding soil samples were collected from 24 tea gardens in Leishan County. Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP)-Mass Spectrometry (MS) and ICP-Atomic Emission Spectrometer (AES) were used to determine and the contents of 10 heavy metal elements (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn, Mn) in tea leaves and soil. The bioaccumulative characteristics of heavy metals in tea were discussed, and the health risk of model assessment was used to evaluate the carcinogenic risk of drinking tea. It was shown that the average contents of soil heavy metals in the study area were all lower than that of national limitations, while Hg contents exceeded the background value of A-layer soil in Guizhou. The evaluation results of both the geoaccumulation index and the potential ecological risk index indicated that Hg was a main soil pollution factor in Leishan. The heavy metals contents of Leishan tea met the national food safety standards, and Leishan tea possessed potential as Zn-rich tea. The heavy metals contents of both young and mature leaves decreased as Mn>Zn>Cu>Ni>Cr>Co>Cd, and the enrichment capacities of Cu, Zn, Ni and Co in young leaves were stronger than those in mature leaves, while the enrichment capacities of Mn, Pb, Hg, Cd, Cr and As in mature leaves were stronger than those in young leaves. Health risk assessment results indicated that drinking Leishan tea was riskless to human health. But female adults and children should pay attention to Mn when mature leaves were consumed as daily drink.

Key words: Guizhou province, tea garden soil, heavy metal, ecological risk

中图分类号:

S154.4

刘春林, 张建, 彭益书, 倪莘然, 杨瑞东. 贵州雷山茶区土壤-茶叶重金属含量特征及饮茶风险评价[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(6): 1049-1059.

LIU Chunlin, ZHANG Jian, PENG Yishu, NI Xinran, YANG Ruidong. Contents and health risks assessment of heavy metals in soil and tea in Leishan, Guizhou Province[J]. , 2020, 32(6): 1049-1059.

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