10种百合鳞茎营养成分的测定与评价

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250236

浙江农业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 1228-1235.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250236

10种百合鳞茎营养成分的测定与评价

邓云丹(), 陆承锐, 李录山, 徐永艳^*()

西南林业大学园林园艺学院, 云南昆明 650224

收稿日期:2025-03-24 出版日期:2026-06-25 发布日期:2026-07-14
作者简介:邓云丹,从事百合种质资源评价研究。E-mail: 19208709344@163.com
通讯作者: ^*徐永艳,E-mail: 19453751@qq.com
基金资助:
云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2025J0645);云南省基础研究项目(2020-530622-01-01-034399)

Determination and evaluation of nutrient contents in bulbs of 10 lily varieties

DENG Yundan(), LU Chengrui, LI Lushan, XU Yongyan^*()

College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China

Received:2025-03-24 Published:2026-06-25 Online:2026-07-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来,随着消费者对饮食健康需求的不断提升,百合的营养价值和口感备受关注。为探究不同百合鳞茎中主要营养成分含量,筛选出符合大众需求的百合品种,本研究对10种常见百合鳞茎的主要营养成分(维生素C、氨基酸、可溶性糖、淀粉、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、水分及生物碱)含量进行测定,并采用相关分析、主成分分析及聚类分析对营养品质进行综合评价。结果表明,不同百合鳞茎在营养成分含量上差异显著(p<0.05),尤其是维生素C和粗蛋白含量差异较大。相关分析显示,维生素C含量与氨基酸、粗蛋白和水分含量呈显著负相关,与生物碱含量呈显著正相关。聚类分析将10种百合分为3类,主成分分析提取了3个主成分,累计方差贡献率达82.233%。综合营养品质得分排名前五的百合依次为:lily 01黄、lily 03白、卷丹、lily 02大红和兰州百合。本研究筛选出了常见百合品种中营养价值较高的5个品种,其中lily 01黄的综合营养品质最佳,为食用百合种质资源的开发利用奠定了基础。

关键词: 百合鳞茎, 营养成分, 主成分分析, 聚类分析

Abstract:

In recent years, with the increasing demand of consumers for healthy diet, the nutritional value and taste of lily have attracted more and more attention. To explore the main nutrient contents in different lily bulbs and screen out lily varieties that meet the needs of the public, this study measured the main nutrient contents (vitamin C, amino acids, soluble sugars, starch, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, moisture, and alkaloids) in bulbs of 10 common lily varieties, and comprehensively evaluated their nutritional quality using correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis. The results showed that there were significant(p<0.05) differences in the nutrient contents among different lily bulbs, especially in vitamin C and crude protein. Correlation analysis showed that vitamin C content was significantly negatively correlated with amino acid, crude protein and moisture content, and significantly positively correlated with alkaloid content. According to the results of cluster analysis, ten lily varieties were divided into three categories, and three principal components were extracted by principal component analysis, and the cumulative variance contribution rate reached 82.233%. The top five lilies with comprehensive nutritional quality scores were Lilium spp. 01 Huang, Lilium spp. 03 Bai, Lilium lancifolium, Lilium spp. 02 Dahong and Lilium davidii var. unicolor. Five common lily varieties with high nutritional value were selected in this study. Among them, Lilium spp. 01 Huang had the best comprehensive nutritional quality, which laid a foundation for the development and utilization of edible lily germplasm resources.

Key words: lily bulbs, nutrient contents, principal component analysis, cluster analysis

中图分类号:

S682.2

邓云丹, 陆承锐, 李录山, 徐永艳. 10种百合鳞茎营养成分的测定与评价[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(6): 1228-1235.

DENG Yundan, LU Chengrui, LI Lushan, XU Yongyan. Determination and evaluation of nutrient contents in bulbs of 10 lily varieties[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(6): 1228-1235.

图/表 7

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品种 Variety	维生素C含量/ (μg·g^-1) Vitamin C content/ (μg·g^-1)	氨基酸含量/ (mg·g^-1) Amino acid content/ (mg·g^-1)	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content/ (mg·g^-1)	淀粉含量/ (mg·g^-1) Starch content/ (mg·g^-1)	粗蛋白含量/% Crude protein content/%	粗脂肪含量/% Crude fat content/%	粗纤维含量/% Crude fiber content/%	水分含量/% Moisture content/%
兰州百合 Lilium davidii var. unicolor	79.07± 4.78 f	7.14± 0.19 a	84.22± 2.65 ab	86.83± 5.15 d	15.56± 0.81 c	0.95± 0.02 c	1.07± 0.04 b	83.55± 1.88 b
龙牙百合 Lilium brownii var. viridulum	166.65± 3.46 b	4.23± 0.15 g	71.05± 3.12 cd	114.54± 0.96 a	8.58± 0.61 e	1.26± 0.05 a	1.64± 0.46 a	72.98± 1.28 d
南川百合 Lilium rosthornii	181.27± 7.57 a	4.20± 0.09 g	67.67± 0.78 d	88.75± 0.33 d	11.74± 0.75 d	1.20± 0.06 a	0.99± 0.10 b	68.59± 1.96 e
卷丹 Lilium lancifolium	131.32± 3.20 c	4.74± 0.25 f	81.68± 0.80 b	112.42± 0.36 ab	12.62± 0.61 d	0.99± 0.03 c	1.33± 0.04 ab	73.51± 0.82 d
亚洲百合 Lilium Asiatica Hybrida	85.85± 4.91 e	6.29± 0.01 b	72.84± 0.18 c	76.59± 0.72 e	18.41± 1.55 b	1.27± 0.05 a	0.97± 0.02 b	86.46± 2.62 a
lily 01黄 Lilium spp. 01 Huang	88.97± 2.66 e	5.53± 0.32 d	86.10± 0.61 ab	114.80± 3.85 a	13.15± 0.24 d	0.96± 0.05 c	1.52± 0.09 ab	69.59± 0.83 e
lily 02大红 Lilium spp. 02 Dahong	86.14± 4.18 e	5.88± 0.13 c	87.11± 7.58 a	109.52± 0.89 b	12.20± 0.72 d	1.00± 0.04 c	1.48± 0.63 ab	88.41± 1.17 a
lily 03白 Lilium spp. 03 Bai	91.41± 0.53 de	7.16± 0.20 a	82.73± 1.09 ab	103.42± 0.83 c	16.44± 0.61 c	0.97± 0.02 c	1.42± 0.45 ab	81.53± 2.49 bc
lily 05粉 Lilium spp. 05 Fen	95.66± 1.71 de	5.68± 0.29 cd	70.14± 1.75 cd	79.09± 0.46 e	16.80± 0.61 c	1.10± 0.02 b	1.32± 0.02 ab	78.39± 1.19 c
lily 07橙 Lilium spp.07 Cheng	96.17± 1.81 d	5.10± 0.13 e	69.31± 1.64 cd	75.18± 0.93 f	20.28± 1.34 a	1.25± 0.12 a	0.98± 0.06 b	79.69± 0.36 c
平均值±标准差 Mean±Standard deviation	110.25± 35.44	5.59± 1.04	77.28± 7.83	96.11± 15.98	14.58± 3.48	1.09± 0.14	1.27± 0.34	78.27± 6.81
变异系数/% Coefficient of variability/%	32.15	18.59	10.13	16.62	23.87	12.69	26.80	8.70

品种 Variety	维生素C含量/ (μg·g^-1) Vitamin C content/ (μg·g^-1)	氨基酸含量/ (mg·g^-1) Amino acid content/ (mg·g^-1)	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content/ (mg·g^-1)	淀粉含量/ (mg·g^-1) Starch content/ (mg·g^-1)	粗蛋白含量/% Crude protein content/%	粗脂肪含量/% Crude fat content/%	粗纤维含量/% Crude fiber content/%	水分含量/% Moisture content/%
兰州百合 Lilium davidii var. unicolor	79.07± 4.78 f	7.14± 0.19 a	84.22± 2.65 ab	86.83± 5.15 d	15.56± 0.81 c	0.95± 0.02 c	1.07± 0.04 b	83.55± 1.88 b
龙牙百合 Lilium brownii var. viridulum	166.65± 3.46 b	4.23± 0.15 g	71.05± 3.12 cd	114.54± 0.96 a	8.58± 0.61 e	1.26± 0.05 a	1.64± 0.46 a	72.98± 1.28 d
南川百合 Lilium rosthornii	181.27± 7.57 a	4.20± 0.09 g	67.67± 0.78 d	88.75± 0.33 d	11.74± 0.75 d	1.20± 0.06 a	0.99± 0.10 b	68.59± 1.96 e
卷丹 Lilium lancifolium	131.32± 3.20 c	4.74± 0.25 f	81.68± 0.80 b	112.42± 0.36 ab	12.62± 0.61 d	0.99± 0.03 c	1.33± 0.04 ab	73.51± 0.82 d
亚洲百合 Lilium Asiatica Hybrida	85.85± 4.91 e	6.29± 0.01 b	72.84± 0.18 c	76.59± 0.72 e	18.41± 1.55 b	1.27± 0.05 a	0.97± 0.02 b	86.46± 2.62 a
lily 01黄 Lilium spp. 01 Huang	88.97± 2.66 e	5.53± 0.32 d	86.10± 0.61 ab	114.80± 3.85 a	13.15± 0.24 d	0.96± 0.05 c	1.52± 0.09 ab	69.59± 0.83 e
lily 02大红 Lilium spp. 02 Dahong	86.14± 4.18 e	5.88± 0.13 c	87.11± 7.58 a	109.52± 0.89 b	12.20± 0.72 d	1.00± 0.04 c	1.48± 0.63 ab	88.41± 1.17 a
lily 03白 Lilium spp. 03 Bai	91.41± 0.53 de	7.16± 0.20 a	82.73± 1.09 ab	103.42± 0.83 c	16.44± 0.61 c	0.97± 0.02 c	1.42± 0.45 ab	81.53± 2.49 bc
lily 05粉 Lilium spp. 05 Fen	95.66± 1.71 de	5.68± 0.29 cd	70.14± 1.75 cd	79.09± 0.46 e	16.80± 0.61 c	1.10± 0.02 b	1.32± 0.02 ab	78.39± 1.19 c
lily 07橙 Lilium spp.07 Cheng	96.17± 1.81 d	5.10± 0.13 e	69.31± 1.64 cd	75.18± 0.93 f	20.28± 1.34 a	1.25± 0.12 a	0.98± 0.06 b	79.69± 0.36 c
平均值±标准差 Mean±Standard deviation	110.25± 35.44	5.59± 1.04	77.28± 7.83	96.11± 15.98	14.58± 3.48	1.09± 0.14	1.27± 0.34	78.27± 6.81
变异系数/% Coefficient of variability/%	32.15	18.59	10.13	16.62	23.87	12.69	26.80	8.70

营养成分 Nutrient content	维生素C 含量 Vitamin C content	氨基酸含量 Amino acid content	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content	淀粉含量 Starch content	粗蛋白含量 Crude protein content	粗脂肪含量 Crude fat content	粗纤维含量 Crude fiber content	生物碱含量 Alkaloid content
氨基酸含量 Amino acid content	-0.823^**
可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content	-0.535	0.539
淀粉含量Starch content	0.242	-0.214	0.590
粗蛋白含量 Crude protein content	-0.659^*	0.523	-0.168	-0.780^**
粗脂肪含量 Crude fat content	0.446	-0.516	-0.880^**	-0.472	0.121
粗纤维含量 Crude fiber content	0.072	-0.106	0.438	0.846^**	-0.629	-0.375
生物碱含量 Alkaloid content	0.675^*	-0.281	-0.283	0.235	-0.374	0.223	0.062
水分含量Moisture content	-0.700^*	0.703^*	0.279	-0.339	0.491	-0.082	-0.193	-0.543

营养成分 Nutrient content	维生素C 含量 Vitamin C content	氨基酸含量 Amino acid content	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content	淀粉含量 Starch content	粗蛋白含量 Crude protein content	粗脂肪含量 Crude fat content	粗纤维含量 Crude fiber content	生物碱含量 Alkaloid content
氨基酸含量 Amino acid content	-0.823^**
可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content	-0.535	0.539
淀粉含量Starch content	0.242	-0.214	0.590
粗蛋白含量 Crude protein content	-0.659^*	0.523	-0.168	-0.780^**
粗脂肪含量 Crude fat content	0.446	-0.516	-0.880^**	-0.472	0.121
粗纤维含量 Crude fiber content	0.072	-0.106	0.438	0.846^**	-0.629	-0.375
生物碱含量 Alkaloid content	0.675^*	-0.281	-0.283	0.235	-0.374	0.223	0.062
水分含量Moisture content	-0.700^*	0.703^*	0.279	-0.339	0.491	-0.082	-0.193	-0.543

成分 Component	特征值 Eigenvalue	方差贡献率 Variance contribution rate/%	累计方差贡献率 Cumulative variance contribution rate/%
1	3.606	40.065	40.065
2	2.880	31.996	72.061
3	0.915	10.172	82.233

10种百合鳞茎营养成分的测定与评价

Determination and evaluation of nutrient contents in bulbs of 10 lily varieties

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指标	PC1	PC2	PC3
维生素C含量Vitamin C content	-0.726	0.251	0.588
氨基酸含量Amino acid content	0.862	-0.315	-0.205
可溶性糖含量Soluble sugar content	0.778	0.543	-0.126
淀粉含量Starch content	0.130	0.905	0.215
粗蛋白含量Crude protein content	0.267	-0.798	-0.354
粗脂肪含量Crude fat content	-0.800	-0.404	-0.112
粗纤维含量Crude fiber content	0.045	0.781	-0.145
生物碱含量Alkaloid content	-0.064	-0.009	0.932
水分含量Moisture content	0.517	-0.358	-0.481

品种 Variety	F₁	F₂	F₃	综合得分 Comprehensive score	排名 Ranking
lily 01黄Lilium spp. 01 Huang	1.97	3.47	0.47	2.37	1
lily 03白Lilium spp. 03 Bai	2.59	0.42	0.27	1.46	2
卷丹Lilium lancifolium	0.52	2.79	0.97	1.46	3
lily 02大红Lilium spp. 02 Dahong	1.51	2.13	-2.00	1.32	4
兰州百合Lilium davidii var. unicolor	2.65	-1.38	-1.96	0.51	5
龙牙百合Lilium brownii var. viridulum	-2.84	3.65	2.99	0.41	6
南川百合Lilium rosthornii	-2.85	-0.24	4.12	-0.97	7
lily 05粉Lilium spp. 05 Fen	-0.58	-1.93	-1.54	-1.22	8
亚洲百合Lilium Asiatica Hybrida	-1.06	-4.51	-1.81	-2.50	9
lily 07橙Lilium spp.07 Cheng	-1.90	-4.39	-1.49	-2.82	10

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