浙江农业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 428-439.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250438

• 作物科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

杂交谷子新品系产量与表型性状的遗传分析

麻慧芳(), 王娟菲, 薛红丽, 任果香, 史关燕()   

  1. 山西农业大学 经济作物研究所, 山西省后稷实验室, 山西 太原 030031
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-15 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-04-17
  • 作者简介:*史关燕,E-mail:jzsguanyan@126.com
    麻慧芳,主要从事谷子种质资源利用、遗传育种与杂种优势利用研究。E-mail:jzsmhf@163.com
  • 通讯作者: 史关燕
  • 基金资助:
    山西省后稷实验室(202404010930003-Y11);山西农业大学科技创新提升工程项目(CXGC202434);山西省农业农村厅联合攻关项目(NYGG19-5-2);山西省农业农村厅杂优联合攻关项目(NYGG29-03-01);山西农业大学育种工程项目(YZGC052);山西省科技厅重点研发项目(2022ZDYF107-3);山西省谷子产业技术体系(2024CYJSTX04-05)

Genetic analysis of yield and phenotypic traits in new foxtail millet hybrid lines

MA Huifang(), WANG Juanfei, XUE Hongli, REN Guoxiang, SHI Guanyan()   

  1. Industrial Crop Institute, Shanxi Houji Laboratory, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
  • Received:2025-06-15 Published:2026-03-25 Online:2026-04-17
  • Contact: SHI Guanyan

摘要:

为研究谷子杂交种表型性状与产量的相关性,对23个不同基因型亲本配制的谷子杂交种新品系的产量和主要表型性状进行遗传分析。结果显示:参试新品系组合依据产量性状划分为2大类群,2类群间单穗重、单穗粒重、千粒重和产量差异显著。变异系数范围为5.79%~25.38%,分蘖数变异系数最大,株高变异系数最小;株高平均值为141.75 cm,所有杂交新品系均处于理想株高范围。相关分析显示,单穗重对单穗粒重、千粒重对杂交种产量影响显著;株高对分蘖数、单穗重和单穗粒重影响较大。主成分分析提取出4个主成分,累计贡献率达86.09%,特征值均大于1,表明前4个主成分涵盖了杂交谷子数量性状的大部分信息,可作为性状综合评价指标。第1主成分主要反映与产量相关的性状,其中分蘖数和出谷率载荷较高,产量与二者呈显著正相关。针对不同基因型谷子特性,在依据育种目标选配两系杂交组合时,可据此进行针对性选择。

关键词: 谷子, 杂交种, 遗传分析, 表型, 产量, 聚类分析

Abstract:

To investigate the correlation between phenotypic traits and yield in foxtail millet hybrid lines, a genetic analysis was conducted on yield and major phenotypic traits of 23 new foxtail millet hybrid lines derived from parental lines of different genotypes. Based on yield traits, the tested lines were divided into two major groups, which exhibited significant differences in weight per panicle, grain weight per panicle, 1 000 grain weight, and yield. Coefficient of variation analysis indicated a range from 5.79%to 25.38%, with tiller number showing the largest variation and plant height the smallest. The average plant height was 141.75 cm, indicating that all hybrid lines fell within the ideal plant height range. Correlation analysis revealed that weight per panicle strongly influenced grain weight per panicle, and 1 000 grain weight greatly affected yield. Plant height had a relatively strong influence on tiller number, weight per panicle, and grain weight per panicle. Principal component analysis extracted four main components with a cumulative contribution rate of 86.09%, all with eigenvalues greater than 1, indicating that these components represented most of the information from the quantitative traits in foxtail millet hybrid lines and could serve as comprehensive indicators for trait evaluation. The first principal component primarily controlled yield-related traits, with tiller numbers and grain output rate scoring relatively high and showing a significant positive correlation with yield. For different genotypes of millet, targeted selection can be made when matching two-line hybrid combinations based on breeding objectives.

Key words: foxtail millet, hybrid, genetic analysis, phenotype, yield, cluster analysis

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