宁夏枸杞盐碱地土壤细菌群落特征及可培养耐/嗜盐碱菌筛选

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250418

浙江农业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (8): 1648-1659.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250418

宁夏枸杞盐碱地土壤细菌群落特征及可培养耐/嗜盐碱菌筛选

张思怡¹^,²(), 陆丽², 陈昭良², 吕卫光²^,³^,⁴, 张翰林²^,³^,⁴, 李双喜²^,³^,⁴, 张停林⁵, 孙丽娟², 白娜玲²^,³^,⁴^,^*()

¹ 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 上海 201306
² 上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所, 上海 201403
³ 农业农村部东南沿海绿色低碳重点实验室, 上海 201403
⁴ 上海市农业环境保护监测站, 上海 201403
⁵ 上海市青浦区农业技术推广服务中心, 上海 201799

收稿日期:2025-06-02 出版日期:2026-08-25 发布日期:2026-09-14
作者简介:张思怡,主要从事微生物资源化利用与机制研究。E-mail:18235645196@163.com
通讯作者: *白娜玲,E-mail: bainaling@saas.sh.cn
基金资助:
上海市农业科技创新项目(2024-02-08-00-12-F00005);上海市“科技创新行动计划”国内合作项目(23015820900);上海市农业科学院卓越团队建设计划[沪农科卓2022(008)]

Characteristics of bacterial communities in saline-alkali soil of Lycium barbarum fields in Ningxia of China and screening of culturable halotolerant/haloalkaliphilic bacteria

ZHANG Siyi¹^,²(), LU Li², CHEN Zhaoliang², LYU Weiguang²^,³^,⁴, ZHANG Hanlin²^,³^,⁴, LI Shuangxi²^,³^,⁴, ZHANG Tinglin⁵, SUN Lijuan², BAI Naling²^,³^,⁴^,^*()

¹ College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
² Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
³ Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201403, China
⁴ Shanghai Monitoring Station of Agricultural Environment, Shanghai 201403, China
⁵ Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center of Qingpu District, Shanghai City, Shanghai 201799, China

Received:2025-06-02 Published:2026-08-25 Online:2026-09-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究从宁夏某枸杞种植基地采集盐碱地土壤样本,通过高通量测序分析土壤细菌群落特征,利用稀释涂布平板法在中盐碱度(NaCl质量分数8%、pH值8.5)的培养条件下从土壤中分离纯化耐/嗜盐碱细菌,鉴定其系统分类学地位,分析菌株的耐/嗜盐碱特性,并对其中效果最优菌的生物学特性、降盐降碱等功能进行研究。结果显示,样本盐碱土中门水平上的优势细菌为放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadota)。在中盐碱度条件下,从样本土壤中筛选到12株耐/嗜盐碱菌株,其中,Bacillus haynesii nx-11菌株可在高盐(NaCl质量分数8%~18%)或高碱(pH值9.0~12.0)条件下生长;Halobacillus andaensis nx-9菌株盐碱耐受性最强,不仅可在高盐或高碱条件下生长,在兼具高盐碱度(NaCl质量分数8%~16%、pH值8.5~10.0)的条件下生长良好,其降碱率为12.17%~18.25%,降盐率为4.88%~12.02%。本研究结果丰富了对宁夏地区盐碱土壤微生物特征的认知,可为生物治理盐碱土提供微生物资源。

关键词: 盐碱土, 生物多样性, 耐/嗜盐碱细菌, 高通量测序, 分离筛选

Abstract:

In this study, soil samples were collected from saline-alkali land in a wolfberry (Lycium barbarum) planting base in Ningxia, China. High-throughput sequencing was performed to analyze the characteristics of soil bacterial communities. Under the moderate saline-alkali culture condition (NaCl mass fraction of 8% and pH value of 8.5), the dilution plate coating method was adopted to isolate and purify culturable saline-alkali halotolerant/haloalkaliphilic bacteria from the soil samples. The taxonomic status of the obtained strains was identified, and their saline-alkali tolerance characteristics were determined. Furthermore, the biological characteristics and salt-alkali amelioration functions of the optimal strain were systematically investigated. The results showed that the dominant bacterial phyla in the saline-alkali soil samples were Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Gemmatimonadota. A total of 12 saline-alkali halotolerant/haloalkaliphilic strains were screened from the soil samples under moderate saline-alkali conditions. Among them, Bacillus haynesii nx-11 strain could grow under high-salt conditions (NaCl mass fraction of 8%-18%) or high-alkaline conditions (pH value of 9.0-12.0). Halobacillus andaensis nx-9 strain exhibited the strongest saline-alkali tolerance. It not only survived well under individual high-salt or high-alkaline environments, but also grew vigorously under combined high saline-alkali conditions (NaCl mass fraction of 8%-16%, pH value of 8.5-10.0). Its alkali reduction rate ranged from 12.17% to 18.25%, and its salt reduction rate was 4.88%-12.02%. This study enriches the understanding of microbial community characteristics in saline-alkali soils of Ningxia and provides valuable microbial resources for the biological improvement of saline-alkali land.

Key words: saline-alkali soil, biodiversity, halotolerant / haloalkaliphilic bacteria, high-throughput sequencing, isolation and screening

中图分类号:

S154.3

张思怡, 陆丽, 陈昭良, 吕卫光, 张翰林, 李双喜, 张停林, 孙丽娟, 白娜玲. 宁夏枸杞盐碱地土壤细菌群落特征及可培养耐/嗜盐碱菌筛选[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(8): 1648-1659.

ZHANG Siyi, LU Li, CHEN Zhaoliang, LYU Weiguang, ZHANG Hanlin, LI Shuangxi, ZHANG Tinglin, SUN Lijuan, BAI Naling. Characteristics of bacterial communities in saline-alkali soil of Lycium barbarum fields in Ningxia of China and screening of culturable halotolerant/haloalkaliphilic bacteria[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(8): 1648-1659.

图/表 8

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菌株 Strain	不同NaCl质量分数下菌液的D₆₀₀值 D₆₀₀ values of bacterial suspensions under different mass fractions of NaCl
菌株 Strain	8%	10%	12%	14%	16%	18%	20%
nx-1	1.046	0.723	0.728	0.654	0.518	—	—
nx-2	0.812	0.604	—	—	—	—	—
nx-3	0.752	0.842	0.532	0.233	—	—	—
nx-4	0.501	—	—	—	—	—	—
nx-5	0.334	0.719	0.574	0.364	—	—	—
nx-6	0.872	0.765	0.835	0.505	—	—	—
nx-7	0.791	0.729	0.641	0.512	—	—	—
nx-8	0.808	0.753	0.587	0.412	—	—	—
nx-9	1.068	1.037	1.083	0.872	0.524	0.378	—
nx-10	1.079	1.192	0.848	0.500	—	—	—
nx-11	1.054	0.747	0.641	0.659	0.524	0.215	—
nx-12	0.823	0.581	0.771	0.616	0.663	—	—

菌株 Strain	不同NaCl质量分数下菌液的D₆₀₀值 D₆₀₀ values of bacterial suspensions under different mass fractions of NaCl
菌株 Strain	8%	10%	12%	14%	16%	18%	20%
nx-1	1.046	0.723	0.728	0.654	0.518	—	—
nx-2	0.812	0.604	—	—	—	—	—
nx-3	0.752	0.842	0.532	0.233	—	—	—
nx-4	0.501	—	—	—	—	—	—
nx-5	0.334	0.719	0.574	0.364	—	—	—
nx-6	0.872	0.765	0.835	0.505	—	—	—
nx-7	0.791	0.729	0.641	0.512	—	—	—
nx-8	0.808	0.753	0.587	0.412	—	—	—
nx-9	1.068	1.037	1.083	0.872	0.524	0.378	—
nx-10	1.079	1.192	0.848	0.500	—	—	—
nx-11	1.054	0.747	0.641	0.659	0.524	0.215	—
nx-12	0.823	0.581	0.771	0.616	0.663	—	—

菌株 Strain	不同pH值条件下菌液的D₆₀₀值 D₆₀₀ values of bacterial suspensions under different pH value
菌株 Strain	7.0	9.0	10.0	11.0	12.0	13.0
nx-1	0.627	0.749	0.935	0.978	0.553	—
nx-2	0.701	0.679	0.824	1.023	0.907	—
nx-3	—	0.789	0.815	0.765	0.323	—
nx-4	0.501	0.245	—	—	—	—
nx-5	—	0.652	0.822	0.881	0.312	—
nx-6	0.612	0.744	1.021	0.915	0.739	—
nx-7	0.703	0.779	0.801	0.448	—	—
nx-8	0.673	0.546	0.531	0.537	—	—
nx-9	—	0.929	0.789	0.683	0.657	—
nx-10	0.738	0.816	1.034	0.976	0.904	—
nx-11	0.766	0.785	1.116	1.037	0.908	—
nx-12	0.516	0.608	0.804	—	—	—

菌株 Strain	不同pH值条件下菌液的D₆₀₀值 D₆₀₀ values of bacterial suspensions under different pH value
菌株 Strain	7.0	9.0	10.0	11.0	12.0	13.0
nx-1	0.627	0.749	0.935	0.978	0.553	—
nx-2	0.701	0.679	0.824	1.023	0.907	—
nx-3	—	0.789	0.815	0.765	0.323	—
nx-4	0.501	0.245	—	—	—	—
nx-5	—	0.652	0.822	0.881	0.312	—
nx-6	0.612	0.744	1.021	0.915	0.739	—
nx-7	0.703	0.779	0.801	0.448	—	—
nx-8	0.673	0.546	0.531	0.537	—	—
nx-9	—	0.929	0.789	0.683	0.657	—
nx-10	0.738	0.816	1.034	0.976	0.904	—
nx-11	0.766	0.785	1.116	1.037	0.908	—
nx-12	0.516	0.608	0.804	—	—	—

菌株 Strain	不同条件下菌液的D₆₀₀值D₆₀₀ values of bacterial suspensions under different conditions
菌株 Strain	8%+8.5	8%+9.5	10%+8.5	10%+9.5	14%+9.0	14%+10.0	16%+9.0	16%+10.0
nx-1	0.589	0.956	0.833	0.674	—	—	—	—
nx-2	0.791	0.848	0.912	0.876	—	—	—	—
nx-3	0.639	0.871	0.536	0.805	—	—	—	—
nx-4	0.227	0.541	0.369	—	—	—	—	—
nx-5	0.696	0.927	0.701	0.848	—	—	—	—
nx-6	0.766	0.804	0.523	—	—	—	—	—
nx-7	0.703	0.812	0.659	0.663	—	—	—	—
nx-8	0.645	0.859	0.812	0.708	—	—	—	—
nx-9	1.085	0.947	1.143	0.806	0.541	0.607	0.235	0.209
nx-10	0.717	0.831	0.824	0.809	—	—	—	—
nx-11	0.589	1.006	0.823	0.605	—	—	—	—
nx-12	0.518	0.391	0.216	—	—	—	—	—

宁夏枸杞盐碱地土壤细菌群落特征及可培养耐/嗜盐碱菌筛选

Characteristics of bacterial communities in saline-alkali soil of Lycium barbarum fields in Ningxia of China and screening of culturable halotolerant/haloalkaliphilic bacteria

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酶Enzyme	结果Results	酶Enzyme	结果Results
碱性磷酸酶Alkaline phosphatase	+	酸性磷酸酶Acid phosphatase	-
酯酶(C4)Esterase (C4)	weak	萘酚-AS-BI-磷酸水解酶Naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase	weak
类脂酯酶(C8)Lipase (C8)	weak	α-半乳糖苷酶α-Galactosidase	-
类脂酯酶(C14)Lipase (C14)	-	β-半乳糖苷酶β-Galactosidase	+
亮氨酸芳胺酶Leucine arylamidase	-	β-葡萄糖醛酸苷酶β-Glucuronidase	-
缬氨酸芳胺酶Valine arylamidase	-	α-葡萄糖苷酶α-Glucosidase	+
胱氨酸芳胺酶Cystine arylamidase	-	β-葡萄糖苷酶β-Glucosidase	-
胰蛋白酶Trypsin	-	N-乙酰-葡萄糖胺酶N-Acetylglucosaminidase	-
α-胰凝乳蛋白酶α-Chymotrypsin	-	α-岩藻糖苷酶α-Fucosidase	-

底物 Substrate	结果 Results	底物 Substrate	结果 Results	底物 Substrate	结果 Results
甘油Glycerol	weak	甘露醇Mannitol	weak	D-蜜三糖D-Melitriose	+
赤藓醇Erythritol	-	山梨醇Sorbitol	-	棉子糖Raffinose	+
D-阿拉伯糖D-Arabinose	-	α-甲基-D-甘露糖苷α-Methyl-D-mannoside	-	糖原Glycogen	+
L-阿拉伯糖L-Arabinose	-	α-甲基-D-葡萄糖苷α-Methyl-D-glucoside	-	木糖醇Xylitol	-
核糖Ribose	-	N-乙酰葡糖胺N-Acetylglucosamine	+	β-龙胆二糖β-Gentiobiose	-
D-木糖D-Xylose	weak	苦杏仁苷Amygdalin	-	D-松二糖D-Panose	-
L-木糖L-Xylose	-	熊果苷Arbutin	-	D-来苏糖D-Lyxose	-
核糖醇Adonitol	-	七叶苷Esculin	+	D-塔格糖D-Tagatose	-
β-甲基-木糖苷β-Methyl-xyloside	-	水杨苷Salicin	-	D-岩藻糖D-Fucose	-
半乳糖Galactose	+	纤维二糖Cellobiose	-	L-岩藻糖L-Fucose	-
D-葡萄糖D-Glucose	+	麦芽糖Maltose	+	D-阿拉伯醇D-Arabitol	-
D-果糖D-Fructose	+	乳糖Lactose	-	L-阿拉伯醇L-Arabitol	-
D-甘露糖D-Mannose	+	蜜二糖Melibiose	+	葡萄糖酸Gluconic acid	-
L-山梨糖L-Sorbose	-	蔗糖Sucrose	+	2-酮基-葡萄糖酸2-Ketogluconic acid	-
鼠李糖Rhamnose	-	海藻糖Trehalose	+	5-酮基-葡萄糖酸5-Ketogluconic acid	-
半乳糖醇Galactitol	-	菊糖Inulin	+
肌醇Myo-inositol	-	松三糖Melezitose	+

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