Screening thermophiles to promote co-composting of biogas residue and black soldier fly larval frass

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.03.18

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 647-657.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.03.18

• Environmental Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Screening thermophiles to promote co-composting of biogas residue and black soldier fly larval frass

XIAO Xiaolan¹(), ZHANG Hao¹, FU Chuanhui², LIU Hao¹, RUAN Wenquan¹^,^*()

1. School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
2. Insek High Efficiency Ecological Agriculture Comprehensive Development Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215636, Jiangsu, China

Received:2022-03-15 Online:2023-03-25 Published:2023-04-07

Abstract

Abstract:

Thermophiles were screened from the thermophilic phase of co-composting of biogas residue of kitchen organic slurry (BR) and black soldier fly larval frass (LF). The strains those could present high activities of degrading organic matter were selected to be compounded into thermophilic inoculum, and the effects of thermophilic inoculum on co-composting of BR and LR were examined. It was shown that 4 bacterial strains and 4 fungi strains were isolated. Among them, the isolated bacterial strains of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus aerius had higher activities of glucoamylase, cellulase, laccase, urease, protease and xylanase, and the isolated fungi strains of Thermomyces lanuginosus and Aspergillus fumigatus had higher activities of cellulase and laccase. After compounding and inoculating the above four strains into the co-composting of BR and LF, the thermophilic phase of co-composting was prolonged for 2 days compared with the blank group, and the degradation rate of organic matter, germination index, humic substance content and the ratio of humic acid to fulvic acid were increased from 12.09%, 85.98%, 107.95 g·kg^-1, 2.67 to 15.08%, 90.77%, 117.40 g·kg^-1, 3.01, respectively. In addition, inoculation of thermophilic inoculum increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria to 76.84% and 18.12%, respectively, on the fifth day of composting, yet decreased the relative abundance of Saccharomycetales to 1.70%. In general, inoculation of thermophilic inoculum could prolong the period of thermophilic phase, reduce plant toxicity, promote humification process, optimize microbial community structure and improve the quality and efficiency of composting.

Key words: co-composting, thermophiles, humification, microorganism

CLC Number:

X705

XIAO Xiaolan, ZHANG Hao, FU Chuanhui, LIU Hao, RUAN Wenquan. Screening thermophiles to promote co-composting of biogas residue and black soldier fly larval frass[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(3): 647-657.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1 Basic properties of raw materials for composting

原料 Raw material	含水率 Moisture content/%	总碳 Total C/ (g·kg^-1)	总氮 Total N/ (g·kg^-1)	C/N	pH	P₂O₅/ (g·kg^-1)	K₂O/ (g·kg^-1)
沼渣Biogas residue	89.16±0.52	274.4±4.8	40.7±1.0	6.52±0.01	8.51±0.12	68.6±2.4	40.6±2.6
虫粪Larval frass	59.88±0.25	336.9±14.5	39.9±1.1	8.12±0.20	9.12±0.12	65.4±1.9	64.3±5.3
水稻秸秆Rice straw	12.15±0.06	396.6±14.6	12.0±0.7	32.65±0.69	—	2.9±0.8	94.4±2.9

Fig.1 Enzyme activities of isolated bacteria (a) and fungi (b) strains

Fig.2 Dynamics of temperature (a) and germination index (GI) (b) during composting

Fig.3 Dynamics of organic matter (a) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (b) contents during composting

Fig.4 Dynamics of humic substance (a), fulvic aic (b), humic acid (c) contents and ration of humic acid to fluvic acid (HA/FA) (d) during composting

Fig.5 Three dimensional fluorescence spectra raw material (a), final composting product in blank group(b) and final composting product in inoculation group (c) EX, Excitation wavelength; EM, Emission wavelength

Fig.6 Changes of relative abundance of bacteria at phylum level (a) and fungi at order level (b) during composting B and I represent the blank group and inoculation group, respectively. 5,15, 30 represent composting samples on 5, 15, 30 d, respectively.

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Screening thermophiles to promote co-composting of biogas residue and black soldier fly larval frass

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