Estimation of genetic parameters for lactation persistency in dairy cows in the Yangtze River Delta region and analysis of its genetic correlations with production and fertility traits

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250230

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 460-470.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250230

• Animal Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Estimation of genetic parameters for lactation persistency in dairy cows in the Yangtze River Delta region and analysis of its genetic correlations with production and fertility traits

LI Tianxiu¹^,²(), LU Xubin²^,³, YANG Zhangping²^,³, XIAO Weiming², ZHOU Fuzhen², DONG Xinxing¹, YIN Tong²^,^*(), YAN Dawei¹^,^*()

^1. Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
^2. Key Laboratory of Dairy Cattle Genetic Improvement and Milk Quality Research, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
^3. College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China

Received:2025-03-24 Online:2026-03-25 Published:2026-04-17
Contact: YIN Tong,YAN Dawei

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aimed to investigate the genetic parameters of 305-day cumulative milk yield and lactation persistency in primiparous cows in the Yangtze River Delta region, as well as the genetic correlations between lactation persistency and 305-day milk yield, and first insemination conception rate in heifers and cows. Two nonparametric and three parametric models were used to fit lactation curves, predict 305-day milk yield, and calculate lactation persistency. Variance components were estimated for daily milk yield, 305-day milk yield, lactation persistency, and reproduction traits in first lactation cows using a single-trait animal model. Genetic correlations between lactation persistency traits and 305-day milk yield and reproduction traits were estimated using a bivariate animal model. The rolling mean method displayed the best goodness of fit for lactation curves. Heritability estimates for daily milk yield, recorded between 5 and 305 days of lactation, ranged from 0.156 to 0.465. Heritabilities for 305-day milk yield and lactation persistency traits ranged from 0.405 to 0.437 and 0.113 to 0.238, respectively. For first insemination conception rate, heritability was 0.067 ± 0.041 in heifers and 0.023 ± 0.032 in cows. Genetic correlations between lactation persistency traits and 305-day milk yield, first insemination conception rate in heifers, and first insemination conception rate in cows were 0.318-0.808, -0.241-0.408, and 0.118-0.721, respectively. Both 305-day milk yield and first-service conception rate in mature cows showed positive genetic correlations with lactation persistency. The results demonstrated the potential for genetic improvement of reproduction traits in dairy cow, offering strategies for breeding cows with high productivity and fertility.

Key words: dairy cow, daily milk yield, lactation curve, lactation persistency, reproduction trait, genetic parameter

CLC Number:

S823.91

LI Tianxiu, LU Xubin, YANG Zhangping, XIAO Weiming, ZHOU Fuzhen, DONG Xinxing, YIN Tong, YAN Dawei. Estimation of genetic parameters for lactation persistency in dairy cows in the Yangtze River Delta region and analysis of its genetic correlations with production and fertility traits[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(3): 460-470.

Figures/Tables 9

References 48

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牧场 Farm	样本数 Number of samples	日产奶量/(kg·d^-1) Daily milk yield/(kg·d^-1)	最大值/(kg·d^-1) Maximum/(kg·d^-1)	最小值/(kg·d^-1) Minimum/(kg·d^-1)
1	229 797	32.26±6.74	76.72	2.01
2	73 627	30.74±7.90	79.97	2.20
3	72 210	31.89±6.87	78.75	2.80
4	66 582	36.62±7.86	65.33	3.12
合计Total	442 216	32.60±7.36	79.97	2.01

牧场 Farm	样本数 Number of samples	日产奶量/(kg·d^-1) Daily milk yield/(kg·d^-1)	最大值/(kg·d^-1) Maximum/(kg·d^-1)	最小值/(kg·d^-1) Minimum/(kg·d^-1)
1	229 797	32.26±6.74	76.72	2.01
2	73 627	30.74±7.90	79.97	2.20
3	72 210	31.89±6.87	78.75	2.80
4	66 582	36.62±7.86	65.33	3.12
合计Total	442 216	32.60±7.36	79.97	2.01

类型 Type	模型 Model	决定系数 R²	准确性 Accuracy	均方误差 Mean square error
非参数模型 Nonparametric model	移动中值Rolling median	0.830	0.471	8.268
非参数模型 Nonparametric model	移动均值Rolling mean	0.839	0.486	7.796
参数模型 Parametric model	Legendre多项式Legendre polynomials	0.812	0.446	9.118
	AS模型AS model	0.798	0.425	9.957
	WIL模型WIL model	0.755	0.386	11.715

类型 Type	模型 Model	决定系数 R²	准确性 Accuracy	均方误差 Mean square error
非参数模型 Nonparametric model	移动中值Rolling median	0.830	0.471	8.268
非参数模型 Nonparametric model	移动均值Rolling mean	0.839	0.486	7.796
参数模型 Parametric model	Legendre多项式Legendre polynomials	0.812	0.446	9.118
	AS模型AS model	0.798	0.425	9.957
	WIL模型WIL model	0.755	0.386	11.715

类型 Type	模型 Model	305 d产奶量/kg 305-day milk yield/kg	遗传力 Heritability
非参数模型 Nonparametric model	移动中值Rolling median	9 951.552±1 716.171	0.412±0.112
非参数模型 Nonparametric model	移动均值Rolling mean	9 925.346±1 681.566	0.405±0.111
参数模型 Parametric model	Legendre多项式Legendre polynomials	9 909.985±1 692.761	0.437±0.114
	AS模型AS model	9 901.119±1 691.612	0.410±0.111
	WIL模型WIL model	9 900.558±1 683.969	0.427±0.113

Estimation of genetic parameters for lactation persistency in dairy cows in the Yangtze River Delta region and analysis of its genetic correlations with production and fertility traits

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模型 Model	移动中值 Rolling median	移动均值 Rolling mean	Legendre多项式 Legendre polynomials	AS模型 AS model	WIL模型 WIL model
移动中值Rolling median		0.999±0.001	0.998±0.022	0.999±0.001	0.999±0.020
移动均值Rolling mean	0.999±0.001		0.998±0.026	0.999±0.020	0.999±0.020
Legendre多项式Legendre polynomials	0.985±0.004	0.985±0.004		0.998±0.022	0.998±0.027
AS模型AS model	0.994±0.002	0.994±0.002	0.977±0.005		0.999±0.020
WIL模型WIL model	0.996±0.002	0.996±0.002	0.980±0.004	0.993±0.003

遗传力 Heritability	移动中值 Rolling median	移动均值 Rolling mean	Legendre多项式 Legendre polynomials	AS模型 AS model	WIL模型 WIL model
LP₁	0.133±0.059	0.147±0.064	0.136±0.060	0.113±0.054	0.122±0.057
LP₂	0.128±0.054	0.129±0.056	0.156±0.060	0.139±0.058	0.129±0.059
LP₃	0.198±0.069	0.198±0.068	0.203±0.067	0.228±0.076	0.190±0.071
LP₄	0.168±0.066	0.180±0.069	0.125±0.059	0.150±0.063	0.158±0.065
LP₅	0.216±0.072	0.216±0.072	0.215±0.019	0.238±0.079	0.211±0.076

遗传力Heritability	LP₁	LP₂	LP₃	LP₄	LP₅
LP₁		0.979±0.260	0.888±0.276	0.999±0.146	0.871±0.252
LP₂	0.797±0.013		0.991±0.177	0.999±0.147	0.974±0.228
LP₃	0.620±0.018	0.877±0.011		0.905±0.207	0.999±0.070
LP₄	0.895±0.009	0.721±0.015	0.695±0.016		0.896±0.317
LP₅	0.574±0.018	0.849±0.012	0.993±0.003	0.664±0.017

性状 Trait	持续力 Persistency	移动中值 Rolling median	移动均值 Rolling mean	Legendre多项式 Legendre polynomials	AS模型 AS model	WIL模型 WIL model
305 d产奶量 305-day milk yield	LP₁	0.599±0.310	0.597±0.298	0.497±0.284	0.436±0.396	0.318±0.486
	LP₂	0.696±0.214	0.717±0.290	0.619±0.209	0.668±0.218	0.383±0.346
	LP₃	0.736±0.154	0.746±0.150	0.730±0.147	0.763±0.133	0.676±0.186
	LP₄	0.524±0.663	0.503±0.253	0.658±0.487	0.603±0.255	0.565±0.244
	LP₅	0.756±0.140	0.765±0.136	0.753±0.133	0.808±0.112	0.743±0.151
青年牛首配受孕率 First insemination conception rate in heifers	LP₁	0.006±0.323	0.009±0.318	-0.026±0.031	-0.201±0.309	-0.241±0.303
	LP₂	0.206±0.322	0.239±0.317	0.289±0.285	0.157±0.320	-0.205±0.306
	LP₃	0.367±0.251	0.339±0.265	0.381±0.249	0.350±0.263	0.059±0.312
	LP₄	-0.096±0.303	-0.076±0.298	-0.091±0.342	-0.145±0.302	-0.074±0.311
	LP₅	0.400±0.231	0.407±0.232	0.408±0.232	0.303±0.279	0.123±0.309
成年母牛首配受孕率 First insemination conception rate in cows	LP₁	0.575±0.264	0.537±0.214	0.254±0.383	0.566±0.199	0.391±0.312
	LP₂	0.373±0.297	0.478±0.241	0.376±0.292	0.666±0.207	0.383±0.309
	LP₃	0.221±0.326	0.269±0.311	0.131±0.348	0.467±0.247	0.265±0.317
	LP₄	0.687±0.185	0.721±0.169	0.704±0.223	0.325±0.310	0.326±0.310
	LP₅	0.195±0.322	0.248±0.309	0.118±0.335	0.383±0.213	0.170±0.285

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