Abstract: In order to investigate the endophytic bacterial community， leaves samples were collected from Menthae Haplocalycis Herba. The 16S rDNA\|V4 region of leaves collected from Menthae Haplocalycis Herba were sequenced by Illumina MiSeq high\|throughput sequencing technology. Using Qiime and Mothur softwares， the number of sequences and operational taxonomic units （OTUs） for sample was sorted and calculated， the species abundance and distribution， Alpha diversity index and difference in species abundance among samples were analyzed. The number of effective sequences and OTUs for each sample were 60 034/226. The rarefaction curves showed that adequate sampling was achieved. The number of OTUs was close to saturation. The chao 1 and Shannon indexes of sample BH were 226.0 and 2.538, respectively. The species of endophytic bacteria in Menthae Haplocalycis Herba belonged to Acidovorax （65.34%）， Sphingomonas （17.32%）， Pedobacter （5.88%）， Methylobacterium （4.33%）， Luteolibacter （1.94%）， Agrobacterium （1.53%）， Sphingobacterium （1.30%）， Chryseobacterium （0.92%）， Flavobacterium （0.78%） and Dyadobacter （0.67%）. The dominant species were Acidovorax and Sphingomonas with a percentage of 65.34% and 17.32% respectively. Illumina high\|throughput sequencing technology provided more accurate and scientific data resources for the study of endophytic bacteria in Menthae Haplocalycis Herba.

Key words: high-throughput sequencing, Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, endophytic bacteria, diversity