Effects of reduced chemical nitrogen and organic manure substitution on potato root morphology and yield

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2020.12.01

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2020, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (12): 2111-2118.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2020.12.01

• Crop Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of reduced chemical nitrogen and organic manure substitution on potato root morphology and yield

HAN Tiqian¹(), LIU Zhen²^,³, LIU Yuhui², ZHANG Xiaojing⁴, WANG Li¹^,²^,^*(), ZHANG Junlian²^,³^,^*()

1. College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
2. Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
3. College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
4. Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dingxi 743000, China

Received:2020-04-14 Online:2020-12-25 Published:2020-12-25
Contact: WANG Li,ZHANG Junlian

Abstract

Abstract:

Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of reduced chemical nitrogen and organic manure substitution on root growth in different developmental stages and yield of potato in the semi-arid area under film drip irrigation, in order to provide an efficient nitrogen management method in the cultivation of potato. Potato cultivar Qingshu9 was used in the test. The conventional N rate of 225 kg·hm^-2 was used as the control (CK), 70% chemical nitrogen fertilizer (RN) and 50% chemical nitrogen fertilizer (LN) were set up for reduced chemical nitrogen application treatments, and 80% chemical nitrogen fertilizer+20% organic nitrogen manure (LO) and 60% chemical nitrogen fertilizer+40% organic nitrogen manure (HO) were set up for organic manure substitution application treatments. The results showed that compared with CK, the number of tuber per plant, medium tuber rate and small tuber rate did not change significantly under RN treatment, however, the large tuber rate was decreased by 0.32 percent points and the yield were decreased by 10.93%. The number of tuber per plant were increased by 11.77%, the large tuber rate and medium tuber rate were increased by 0.43 and 6.47 percent points under HO treatment, respectively, and the yield was increased by 19.01%. The potato root under HO treatment had longer root length, larger projected root area, root volume, more tips and forks during the tuber initiation stage, and more tips during the tuber bulking stage compared with CK. The yield was significantly (P<0.01) positively related to the root length during the seedling, tuber bulking and starch formation stage, and the root surface area, the root volume, the number of tips and the number of forks during the tuber bulking stage. Therefore, 90 kg·hm^-2 organic nitrogen and 81 kg·hm^-2 chemical nitrogen as base fertilizers, and 54 kg·hm^-2 chemical nitrogen as topdressing in the tuber formation stage could improve the root growth effectively, promote the formation of effective tuber during the early growth stage, increase the number of tuber per plant and the expansion of tubers, and thus produce a higher yield of potato.

Key words: potato, reduced nitrogen, organic manure substitution, root characteristics, yield

CLC Number:

S532

HAN Tiqian, LIU Zhen, LIU Yuhui, ZHANG Xiaojing, WANG Li, ZHANG Junlian. Effects of reduced chemical nitrogen and organic manure substitution on potato root morphology and yield[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2020, 32(12): 2111-2118.

Figures/Tables 7

References 28

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处理 Treatment	化学氮肥用量Application amount of chemical nitrogen fertilizer		有机氮用量 Application amount of organic nitrogen	折合有机肥用量 Equivalent of organic fertilizer
处理 Treatment	基施Base fertilizer	追施Top dressing	有机氮用量 Application amount of organic nitrogen	折合有机肥用量 Equivalent of organic fertilizer
常规施化学氮肥(CK) Routine application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer	135.0	90	0	0
70%化学氮肥(RN) 70% chemical nitrogen fertilizer	94.5	63	0	0
50%化学氮肥(LN) 50% chemical nitrogen fertilizer	67.5	45	0	0
80%化学氮+20%有机氮(LO) 80% chemical nitrogen and 20% organic nitrogen fertilizer	108.0	72	45	1000 (基施Base fertilizer)
60%化学氮+40%有机氮(HO) 60% chemical nitrogen and 40% organic nitrogen fertilizer	81.0	54	90	2000 (基施Base fertilizer)

处理 Treatment	化学氮肥用量Application amount of chemical nitrogen fertilizer		有机氮用量 Application amount of organic nitrogen	折合有机肥用量 Equivalent of organic fertilizer
处理 Treatment	基施Base fertilizer	追施Top dressing	有机氮用量 Application amount of organic nitrogen	折合有机肥用量 Equivalent of organic fertilizer
常规施化学氮肥(CK) Routine application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer	135.0	90	0	0
70%化学氮肥(RN) 70% chemical nitrogen fertilizer	94.5	63	0	0
50%化学氮肥(LN) 50% chemical nitrogen fertilizer	67.5	45	0	0
80%化学氮+20%有机氮(LO) 80% chemical nitrogen and 20% organic nitrogen fertilizer	108.0	72	45	1000 (基施Base fertilizer)
60%化学氮+40%有机氮(HO) 60% chemical nitrogen and 40% organic nitrogen fertilizer	81.0	54	90	2000 (基施Base fertilizer)

处理 Treatment	产量 Yield/(t·hm^-2)	单株结薯数 Number of tuber per plant	大薯率 Large tuber rate/%	中薯率 Medium tuber rate/%	小薯率 Small tuber rate/%
CK	43.56±0.23 b	14.70±0.14 b	2.26±0.04 b	57.39±0.87 b	40.35±0.83 b
RN	38.80±0.19 c	13.50±0.45 bc	1.94±0.06 c	54.02±0.79 bc	44.05±0.79 ab
LN	35.04±0.25 d	13.28±0.32 c	1.35±0.01 d	48.95±2.47 c	49.71±2.47 a
LO	41.69±0.08 bc	14.38±0.13 bc	2.13±0.10 bc	56.30±0.76 b	41.57±0.86 b
HO	51.84±1.49 a	16.43±0.22 a	2.69±0.03 a	63.86±1.09 a	33.45±1.08 c

处理 Treatment	产量 Yield/(t·hm^-2)	单株结薯数 Number of tuber per plant	大薯率 Large tuber rate/%	中薯率 Medium tuber rate/%	小薯率 Small tuber rate/%
CK	43.56±0.23 b	14.70±0.14 b	2.26±0.04 b	57.39±0.87 b	40.35±0.83 b
RN	38.80±0.19 c	13.50±0.45 bc	1.94±0.06 c	54.02±0.79 bc	44.05±0.79 ab
LN	35.04±0.25 d	13.28±0.32 c	1.35±0.01 d	48.95±2.47 c	49.71±2.47 a
LO	41.69±0.08 bc	14.38±0.13 bc	2.13±0.10 bc	56.30±0.76 b	41.57±0.86 b
HO	51.84±1.49 a	16.43±0.22 a	2.69±0.03 a	63.86±1.09 a	33.45±1.08 c

发育时期 Stage	根长 Root length	根投影面积 Root projected area	根表面积 Root surface area	根直径 Root diameter	根体积 Root volume	根尖数 Number of tips	根分叉数 Number of forks
苗期Seedling	0.59^**	0.34	0.34	0.10	0.40	0.47^*	0.36
块茎形成期Tuber initiation	0.14	0.12	0.07	0.30	0.24	0.19	0.01
块茎膨大期Tuber bulking	0.63^**	0.43	0.58^**	0.19	0.49^*	0.64^**	0.59^**
淀粉形成期Starch formation	0.54^*	0.18	0.35	0.06	0.03	0.25	0.30
成熟期Maturation	-0.43	-0.18	-0.12	0.27	0.13	-0.54^*	-0.40

Effects of reduced chemical nitrogen and organic manure substitution on potato root morphology and yield

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