Comparison of association algorithm models for main leaf head traits in early-maturing cabbage

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250198

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 239-247.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250198

• Horticultural Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Comparison of association algorithm models for main leaf head traits in early-maturing cabbage

SHAO Dengkui¹^,²(), LIU Min¹^,², JIANG Chengjie¹^,², YANG Juan¹^,², REN Yanjing¹^,², LI Jiang¹^,², WEN Junqin¹^,²

1. Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology of Qinghai Province, Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
2. The State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China

Received:2025-03-14 Online:2026-02-25 Published:2026-03-24

Abstract

Abstract:

To screen early-maturing cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) resources with different head firmness, this study simulated various head firmness algorithm formulas based on the correlations among main head agronomic traits. Contour analysis and regression analysis were conducted between the established algorithms and overlapping degree, firmness, and measured firmness, followed by reliability evaluation of the optimal regression models. A total of 12 head firmness algorithm formulas were developed for early-maturing round-headed cabbage and 6 for medium-early-maturing flat-headed cabbage. Contour analysis revealed that two algorithm formulas for round-headed cabbage showed contour similarity with overlapping degree and measured firmness, while for flat-headed cabbage, four algorithm formulas exhibited contour similarity with measured firmness. Trend analysis indicated that algorithm formula Z₁₂ more accurately expressed the head firmness of round-headed cabbage, and T₄more accurately expressed the firmness of flat-headed cabbage. Using main agronomic traits, multiple linear regression equations for Z₁₂ and T₄were established through stepwise regression, with coefficient of determination (R²) of optimal model reaching 0.854 and 0.998, respectively, demonstrating high reliability. The head firmness algorithms for cabbage established through parameter optimization in this study provide a scientific basis for comprehensive evaluation of commercial quality.

Key words: cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), head firmness, agronomic trait, firmness model

CLC Number:

S635.1

SHAO Dengkui, LIU Min, JIANG Chengjie, YANG Juan, REN Yanjing, LI Jiang, WEN Junqin. Comparison of association algorithm models for main leaf head traits in early-maturing cabbage[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(2): 239-247.

Figures/Tables 11

References 17

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编号 No.	材料 Material	球形 Globular	材料来源 Material source	熟制 Maturing
Y1	20-H3	圆球型 Round-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	早熟 Early-maturing
Y2	20-H16	圆球型 Round-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	早熟 Early-maturing
Y3	20-H18	圆球型 Round-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	早熟 Early-maturing
Y4	20-H21	圆球型 Round-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	早熟 Early-maturing
Y5	20-H22	圆球型 Round-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	早熟 Early-maturing
Y6	精选8398 Selected 8398	圆球型 Round-headed	河北省邢台市三农种业有限责任公司 Hebei Province Xingtai City Sannong Seed Industry Co., Ltd.	早熟 Early-maturing
Y7	日本绿玉 Japanese green jade	圆球型 Round-headed	邢台市金品农业科技开发中心 Xingtai Jinpin Agricultural Technology Development Center	早熟 Early-maturing
Y8	XC60-3	圆球型 Round-headed	河北省邢台市佳利合种苗有限公司 Hebei Xingtai Jialihe Seedling Co., Ltd.	早熟 Early-maturing
Y9	爽月 Shuangyue	圆球型 Round-headed	邢台市金品农业科技开发中心 Xingtai Jinpin Agricultural Technology Development Center	早熟 Early-maturing
Y10	中华宝玉 China’s Jade	圆球型 Round-headed	邢台市北方甘蓝研究所 Xingtai Northern Cabbage Research Institute	早熟 Early-maturing
Y11	中甘21 Zhonggan 21	圆球型 Round-headed	北京中蔬园艺良种研究开发中心 Beijing Zhongshu Horticultural Breeding Research and Development Center	早熟 Early-maturing
Y12	托福 toefl	圆球型 Round-headed	北京京研益农科技发展中心 Beijing Jingyan Yinong Technology Development Center	早熟 Early-maturing
Y13	中甘十一 Zhonggan 11	圆球型 Round-headed	中蔬种业科技(北京)有限公司 Zhongshu Seed Industry Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.	早熟 Early-maturing
Y14	北甘秀月 Hokkaido Kanshuetsu	圆球型 Round-headed	邢台市北方甘蓝研究所 Xingtai Northern Cabbage Research Institute	早熟 Early-maturing
B1	20-H202	平头型 Flat-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	中早熟 Medium-early-maturing
B2	20-H203	平头型 Flat-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	中早熟 Medium-early-maturing
B3	20-H200	平头型 Flat-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	中早熟 Medium-early-maturing
B4	20-H20	平头型 Flat-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	中早熟 Medium-early-maturing
B5	20-H19	平头型 Flat-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	中早熟 Medium-early-maturing

编号 No.	材料 Material	球形 Globular	材料来源 Material source	熟制 Maturing
Y1	20-H3	圆球型 Round-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	早熟 Early-maturing
Y2	20-H16	圆球型 Round-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	早熟 Early-maturing
Y3	20-H18	圆球型 Round-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	早熟 Early-maturing
Y4	20-H21	圆球型 Round-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	早熟 Early-maturing
Y5	20-H22	圆球型 Round-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	早熟 Early-maturing
Y6	精选8398 Selected 8398	圆球型 Round-headed	河北省邢台市三农种业有限责任公司 Hebei Province Xingtai City Sannong Seed Industry Co., Ltd.	早熟 Early-maturing
Y7	日本绿玉 Japanese green jade	圆球型 Round-headed	邢台市金品农业科技开发中心 Xingtai Jinpin Agricultural Technology Development Center	早熟 Early-maturing
Y8	XC60-3	圆球型 Round-headed	河北省邢台市佳利合种苗有限公司 Hebei Xingtai Jialihe Seedling Co., Ltd.	早熟 Early-maturing
Y9	爽月 Shuangyue	圆球型 Round-headed	邢台市金品农业科技开发中心 Xingtai Jinpin Agricultural Technology Development Center	早熟 Early-maturing
Y10	中华宝玉 China’s Jade	圆球型 Round-headed	邢台市北方甘蓝研究所 Xingtai Northern Cabbage Research Institute	早熟 Early-maturing
Y11	中甘21 Zhonggan 21	圆球型 Round-headed	北京中蔬园艺良种研究开发中心 Beijing Zhongshu Horticultural Breeding Research and Development Center	早熟 Early-maturing
Y12	托福 toefl	圆球型 Round-headed	北京京研益农科技发展中心 Beijing Jingyan Yinong Technology Development Center	早熟 Early-maturing
Y13	中甘十一 Zhonggan 11	圆球型 Round-headed	中蔬种业科技(北京)有限公司 Zhongshu Seed Industry Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.	早熟 Early-maturing
Y14	北甘秀月 Hokkaido Kanshuetsu	圆球型 Round-headed	邢台市北方甘蓝研究所 Xingtai Northern Cabbage Research Institute	早熟 Early-maturing
B1	20-H202	平头型 Flat-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	中早熟 Medium-early-maturing
B2	20-H203	平头型 Flat-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	中早熟 Medium-early-maturing
B3	20-H200	平头型 Flat-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	中早熟 Medium-early-maturing
B4	20-H20	平头型 Flat-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	中早熟 Medium-early-maturing
B5	20-H19	平头型 Flat-headed	邢台市蔬菜种子公司 Xingtai Vegetable Seed Company	中早熟 Medium-early-maturing

编号 No.	紧实度Firmness
编号 No.	Y1	Y2	Y3	Y4	Y5	Y6	Y7	Y8	Y9	Y10	Y11	Y12	Y13	Y14
S₀	0.62	0.83	0.49	0.42	0.57	0.55	0.72	0.65	0.85	1.08	0.96	0.82	0.54	0.87
F₀	0.69	0.68	0.72	0.76	0.71	0.63	0.77	0.69	0.63	0.74	0.71	0.68	0.64	0.76
Z₁	0.78	0.89	0.72	0.72	0.76	0.64	0.80	0.98	0.86	0.83	0.91	0.94	0.86	0.80
Z₂	0.56	0.74	0.58	0.56	0.67	0.62	0.63	0.82	0.62	0.65	0.61	0.67	0.66	0.62
Z₃	0.78	1.10	0.76	0.78	1.00	0.99	0.92	1.51	0.95	0.93	0.82	0.90	0.88	0.86
Z₄	0.51	0.61	0.48	0.51	0.55	0.45	0.55	0.68	0.59	0.57	0.61	0.63	0.59	0.54
Z₅	0.68	0.54	0.49	0.45	0.57	0.77	0.74	0.84	0.82	1.04	1.04	1.02	0.75	0.89
Z₆	2.86	5.59	3.66	3.39	7.32	3.02	4.39	6.69	4.44	3.96	4.53	4.28	5.34	3.64
Z₇	0.10	0.18	0.10	0.12	0.23	0.22	0.16	0.26	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.13	0.29	0.15
Z₈	0.34	0.73	0.45	0.38	0.84	0.57	0.55	1.21	0.45	0.46	0.41	0.38	0.57	0.36
Z₉	0.34	0.37	0.35	0.38	0.37	0.34	0.37	0.37	0.37	0.36	0.36	0.34	0.39	0.43
Z₁₀	0.30	0.32	0.33	0.33	0.33	0.29	0.32	0.30	0.35	0.32	0.31	0.30	0.33	0.38
Z₁₁	0.47	0.69	0.64	0.46	0.90	0.06	0.59	0.67	0.63	0.52	0.56	0.51	0.68	0.60
Z₁₂	0.59	0.91	0.85	0.57	1.25	0.65	0.77	1.18	0.87	0.69	0.65	0.67	0.89	0.70

编号 No.	紧实度Firmness
编号 No.	Y1	Y2	Y3	Y4	Y5	Y6	Y7	Y8	Y9	Y10	Y11	Y12	Y13	Y14
S₀	0.62	0.83	0.49	0.42	0.57	0.55	0.72	0.65	0.85	1.08	0.96	0.82	0.54	0.87
F₀	0.69	0.68	0.72	0.76	0.71	0.63	0.77	0.69	0.63	0.74	0.71	0.68	0.64	0.76
Z₁	0.78	0.89	0.72	0.72	0.76	0.64	0.80	0.98	0.86	0.83	0.91	0.94	0.86	0.80
Z₂	0.56	0.74	0.58	0.56	0.67	0.62	0.63	0.82	0.62	0.65	0.61	0.67	0.66	0.62
Z₃	0.78	1.10	0.76	0.78	1.00	0.99	0.92	1.51	0.95	0.93	0.82	0.90	0.88	0.86
Z₄	0.51	0.61	0.48	0.51	0.55	0.45	0.55	0.68	0.59	0.57	0.61	0.63	0.59	0.54
Z₅	0.68	0.54	0.49	0.45	0.57	0.77	0.74	0.84	0.82	1.04	1.04	1.02	0.75	0.89
Z₆	2.86	5.59	3.66	3.39	7.32	3.02	4.39	6.69	4.44	3.96	4.53	4.28	5.34	3.64
Z₇	0.10	0.18	0.10	0.12	0.23	0.22	0.16	0.26	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.13	0.29	0.15
Z₈	0.34	0.73	0.45	0.38	0.84	0.57	0.55	1.21	0.45	0.46	0.41	0.38	0.57	0.36
Z₉	0.34	0.37	0.35	0.38	0.37	0.34	0.37	0.37	0.37	0.36	0.36	0.34	0.39	0.43
Z₁₀	0.30	0.32	0.33	0.33	0.33	0.29	0.32	0.30	0.35	0.32	0.31	0.30	0.33	0.38
Z₁₁	0.47	0.69	0.64	0.46	0.90	0.06	0.59	0.67	0.63	0.52	0.56	0.51	0.68	0.60
Z₁₂	0.59	0.91	0.85	0.57	1.25	0.65	0.77	1.18	0.87	0.69	0.65	0.67	0.89	0.70

编号 No.	紧实度Firmness
编号 No.	B1	B2	B3	B4	B5
S₀	0.80	0.77	0.78	0.81	0.88
N	0.31	0.39	0.37	0.46	0.60
T₁	1.08	0.61	1.02	0.52	0.42
T₂	0.54	0.40	0.46	0.39	0.40
T₃	1.84	0.86	1.88	0.71	0.67
T₄	0.39	0.35	0.30	0.43	0.46
T₅	0.32	0.27	0.26	0.34	0.36
T₆	0.31	0.27	0.25	0.33	0.36

Comparison of association algorithm models for main leaf head traits in early-maturing cabbage

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公式 Formula	V	F	DF_A	DF_E	p
Z₁	0.317	6.026	1	13	0.029
Z₂	0.121	1.786	1	13	0.204
Z₃	0.451	10.679	1	13	0.006
Z₄	0.450	10.639	1	13	0.006
Z₅	0.118	1.736	1	13	0.210
Z₆	0.897	113.710	1	13	<0.001
Z₇	0.876	91.450	1	13	<0.001
Z₈	0.206	3.380	1	13	0.089
Z₉	0.779	45.749	1	13	<0.001
Z₁₀	0.819	58.643	1	13	<0.001
Z₁₁	0.252	4.385	1	13	0.056
Z₁₂	0.021	0.280	1	13	0.606

公式 Formula	V	F	DF_A	DF_E	p
Z₁	0.553	16.059	1	13	0.001
Z₂	0.289	5.284	1	13	0.039
Z₃	0.593	18.915	1	13	0.001
Z₄	0.751	39.152	1	13	<0.001
Z₅	0.079	1.110	1	13	0.311
Z₆	0.899	115.803	1	13	<0.001
Z₇	0.974	493.995	1	13	<0.001
Z₈	0.281	5.070	1	13	0.042
Z₉	0.983	741.642	1	13	<0.001
Z₁₀	0.987	971.080	1	13	<0.001
Z₁₁	0.366	7.519	1	13	0.017
Z₁₂	0.046	0.623	1	13	0.444

公式 Formula	回归模型 Regression model	回归方程 Regression equation	R²	p	DW
Z₁₂	线性Linear	Z₁₂=-0.413+0.154R₁	0.599	0.001
		Z₁₂=0.598+0.133R₁-0.065R₂	0.854	<0.001	1.714
T₄	线性Linear	T₄=-0.809+0.076R₃	0.847	0.027
		T₄=-0.006+0.056R₃-0.023R₄	0.998	0.002	2.236

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[3]	ZHANG Yuanyuan, FENG Juling, XIAO Jingfeng, GUAN Yu, LONG Chuer, YAO Lirong, MENG Yaxiong, SI Erjing, LI Baochun, MA Xiaole, WANG Huajun, ZHOU Xirong, LIU Meijin, WANG Juncheng. Genetic diversity and association analysis between agronomic traits and SSR markers in hulless barley [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(9): 1977-1989.
[4]	XUE Xianbin, JIA Qiong, CHEN Zhengfeng, LI Ruiyuan, CHEN Qingfu, SHI Taoxiong. Comprehensive evaluation of agronomic characteristics of recombinant inbred lines of Tartary buckwheat based on principal component analysis [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(4): 748-759.
[5]	ZHANG Ting, WANG Xueyan, GUO Qinwei, LI Chaosen, LIU Huiqin, XIANG Xiaomin, WEI Jing, ZHAO Dongfeng, WAN Hongjian. Genetic diversity of pepper germplasm resources based on agronomic traits [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(2): 325-333.
[6]	GUO Aikui, LIANG Zhihao, LI Yuxing, WANG Qiang, CHENG Yifan, XUE Song, YU Wenqing, XU Xiao, ZHANG Yinghu, QIAO Hailong, YANG Hongyan, SHEN Huiquan. Change characteristics of comprehensive traits of barley varieties (strains) in the comparative identification tests in coastal areas of Jiangsu Province of China from 2007 to 2021 [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(12): 2666-2675.
[7]	LI Xuelong, LI Chao, LI Yue, LIU Guoli, ZHANG Peng, ZHANG Min. Effects of different cultivation modes on agronomic characters and accumulation of active components of Ganoderma lucidum strains [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(9): 2045-2055.
[8]	BU Yuanpeng, LIU Na, ZHANG Guwen, FENG Zhijuan, WANG Bin, GONG Yaming, XU Linying. Diversity evaluation of agronomic traits and construction of core collection and taste quality evaluation system in vegetable soybean germplasm resources [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(6): 1307-1314.
[9]	TAN Shuxia, ZHAO Taodi, YANG Hao, NING Kejun, LIU Li, HE Qingyuan, HUANG Shoucheng, SHU Yingjie. Effects of shading on agronomic characters, yield and nitrogen metabolism of 10 vegetable soybean varieties [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(4): 729-735.
[10]	ZHU Li, XUE Xinru, LIANG Zongxu, XU Linyu, YU Guofeng, TANG Yi, LI Huanxiu. Correlation between capsaicin content and agronomic traits in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) germplasm resources [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(4): 862-872.
[11]	DING Yi, ZHENG Xuxia, HUANG Haitao, MAO Yuxiao, ZHAO Yun. Analysis of agronomic traits and genetic diversity of four major tea populations in Zhejiang Province, China [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(2): 364-372.
[12]	PEI Yun, XU Xiuhong, LU Jinbiao, CHEN Amin, ZHANG Wanping. Genetic diversity analysis of 151 cherry tomato resources in Guizhou Province [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(2): 310-316.
[13]	MO Yanling, ZHANG Wenjing, LUO Yalan, ZENG Jing, CHEN Jingjing, LIU Yihua. Identification and evaluation of agronomic traits and nutritional quality traits in wide handle mustard germplam resources [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(2): 317-328.
[14]	WANG Baogen, DONG Junyang, WANG Ying, LI Sujuan, WANG Jian, LU Zhongfu, WU Xiaohua, LI Guojing, WU Xinyi. Evaluation and genetic diversity analysis of common bean germplasm in Zhejiang Province, China [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(11): 2416-2427.
[15]	ZHAI Xiuming, LI Jie, TANG Min, HU Fangjie, ZHANG Jun, HOU Yujia, XU Ze. Diversity analysis of 30 tea (Camelia sinensis) germplasm resources in Chongqing based on agronomic traits and biochemical components [J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(7): 1244-1255.