Abstract: The variation characters of ecological and genetic diversity of soil microbial community in greenhouse vegetable soils under different planting years in Ruian were analyzed by traditional physical and chemical analysis， microbial cultivation method， Biolog microbial automatic analyzer and PCR\|DGGE method, in order to investigate the effect of long\|period cultivation under greenhouse on the features of soil microbial community. The results showed that with the planting years increased， the soil total salt content and pH were remarkably increased， but the soil organic content decreased. The ecology functional diversity of soil microbe changed remarkably，as well as the community and function. The gene function diversity of the total bacteria didnt significantly change， but diversity of the predominant species of ammonia oxidizing bacteria changed remarkably and the diversity became relatively simple. The ammonia oxidizing archaea was less affected by the fertilization method，vegetation and environmental factors，such as the pH of soil. With the planting year extended， the diversity of ammonia oxidizing archaea did not decrease, but showed increasing trend.

Key words: vegetable soil of greenhouse planting, diversity, AOB（ammonia oxidizing bacteria）, AOA（ammonia oxidizing archaea）