Effects of different fumigation on continuous cropping soil in peach orchard

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.10.19

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2022, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (10): 2251-2258.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.10.19

• Environmental Science • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of different fumigation on continuous cropping soil in peach orchard

GAO Zhiyuan¹(), YANG Shuna¹, WANG Zhaoli², WANG Zhihao¹, XI Xinyan¹, HE Juan², JIA Huijuan¹^,^*()

1. College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2. Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Linping District, Hangzhou City, Hangzhou 311000, China

Received:2021-11-01 Online:2022-10-25 Published:2022-10-26
Contact: JIA Huijuan

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the impact of different fumigation on continuous cropping soil in peach orchard, a peach orchard cultivated for 10 a in Yuhang District, Hangzhou City, was selected as test area. The soil in this orchard was disinfected by biological fumigation (with either water bamboo straw or chicken manure) and chemical fumigation (with dazomet). During the vigorous growing season, the changes of soil microbial communities, soil enzyme activities and soil basic physicochemical properties were determined before and after treatment. It was shown that chemical fumigation significantly (P<0.05) reduced the relative abundance of harmful fungi such as Fusarium and significantly (P<0.05) reduced the diversity, richness and uniformity of fungi and bacterial communities. Biological fumigation significantly (P<0.05) increased the relative abundance of Fusarium, and significantly (P<0.05) reduced the diversity of fungi and bacteria, and bacterial richness, and fungal uniformity. In addition, biological fumigation significantly (P<0.05) increased the relative abundance of beneficial funi such as Penicillium and Chaetomium, while chemical fumigation had a significant (P<0.05) inhibition effect on beneficial fung: such as Saitozyma and Chaetomium. Biological fumigation significantly (P<0.05) increased soil urease, sucrase and catalase activities, and fumigation with water bamboo straw also significantly (P<0.05) increased soil acid phosphatase activity, while fumigation with chicken manure significantly (P<0.05) reduced soil acid phosphatase activity. Chemical fumigation significantly (P<0.05) reduced soil urease, catalase activity and acid phosphatase activity. After fumigation with water bamboo straw, the contents of soil organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were significantly (P<0.05) increased, and soil acidification was alleviated. After fumigation with chicken manure, the contents of soil exchangeable magnesium and calcium were increased significantly (P<0.05). However, after chemical fumigation, the contents of soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium decreased significantly (P<0.05). In summary, appropriate biological fumigation was conducive to improve the soil microbial communities structure and increase soil nutrients, while chemical fumigation was conducive to inhibite the growth of harmful soil microbes, yet was not conducive to the exertion of soil enzymes activities and the transformation and accumulation of soil nutrients.

Key words: continuous cropping obstacles, soil disinfection, soil microbial community, soil enzyme activity, soil physical and chemical properties

CLC Number:

S156

GAO Zhiyuan, YANG Shuna, WANG Zhaoli, WANG Zhihao, XI Xinyan, HE Juan, JIA Huijuan. Effects of different fumigation on continuous cropping soil in peach orchard[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2022, 34(10): 2251-2258.

Figures/Tables 6

References 23

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真菌 Fungi	T1		T2		T3
真菌 Fungi	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection
子囊菌门Ascomycota	49.15	57.29	71.35	83.07^*	59.50	85.92^*
沙蜥属Saitozyma	11.07	22.92^*	11.62	6.79	13.94	3.49^*
Plectosphaerella	1.07	0.20^*	8.69	0.17^*	0.95	0.02^*
青霉属Penicillium	1.32	2.39^*	2.48	6.93^*	0.28	3.21^*
篮状菌属Talaromyces	0.29	—^*	0.27	0.53^*	0.31	—^*
镰孢菌属Fusarium	2.60	8.51^*	5.93	21.79^*	11.34	2.98^*
新赤壳属Neocosmospora	1.79	1.75	1.26	2.52^*	2.14	25.55^*
毛壳菌属Chaetomium	1.38	2.39^*	1.14	8.67^*	1.96	0.16^*
担子菌门Basidiomycota	40.20	36.37	17.31	11.34	31.44	11.05^*

真菌 Fungi	T1		T2		T3
真菌 Fungi	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection
子囊菌门Ascomycota	49.15	57.29	71.35	83.07^*	59.50	85.92^*
沙蜥属Saitozyma	11.07	22.92^*	11.62	6.79	13.94	3.49^*
Plectosphaerella	1.07	0.20^*	8.69	0.17^*	0.95	0.02^*
青霉属Penicillium	1.32	2.39^*	2.48	6.93^*	0.28	3.21^*
篮状菌属Talaromyces	0.29	—^*	0.27	0.53^*	0.31	—^*
镰孢菌属Fusarium	2.60	8.51^*	5.93	21.79^*	11.34	2.98^*
新赤壳属Neocosmospora	1.79	1.75	1.26	2.52^*	2.14	25.55^*
毛壳菌属Chaetomium	1.38	2.39^*	1.14	8.67^*	1.96	0.16^*
担子菌门Basidiomycota	40.20	36.37	17.31	11.34	31.44	11.05^*

细菌 Bacteria	T1		T2		T3
细菌 Bacteria	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection
放线菌门Actinobacteriota	22.61	25.66	24.50	36.11^*	25.31	31.93^*
微球菌科Micrococcaceae	0.11	0.78^*	0.70	2.56^*	0.83	2.90^*
微杆菌科Microbacteriaceae	0.32	2.44^*	0.60	1.68^*	0.74	2.47
链霉菌科Streptomycetaceae	1.05	1.13	3.20	1.31^*	2.05	0.71^*
变形菌门Proteobacteria	21.90	32.54^*	25.18	25.14	25.44	16.60^*
根瘤菌科Rhizobiaceae	0.36	2.26^*	0.71	2.18^*	2.07	0.78^*
黄色杆菌科Xanthobacteraceae	4.39	4.29	4.81	2.69^*	6.01	0.68^*
绿弯菌门Chloroflexi	16.71	8.89^*	16.83	10.48^*	13.95	14.94
酸杆菌门Acidobacteriota	15.39	11.01	13.50	7.84^*	13.44	2.21^*
厚壁菌门Firmicutes	8.73	9.09^*	5.05	6.03^*	5.00	19.87^*
芽孢杆菌科Bacillaceae	3.63	4.81	1.92	2.70^*	5.95	6.48^*
类芽孢杆菌科Paenibacillaceae	1.19	1.18	8.15	0.64^*	0.78	3.59^*

细菌 Bacteria	T1		T2		T3
细菌 Bacteria	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection
放线菌门Actinobacteriota	22.61	25.66	24.50	36.11^*	25.31	31.93^*
微球菌科Micrococcaceae	0.11	0.78^*	0.70	2.56^*	0.83	2.90^*
微杆菌科Microbacteriaceae	0.32	2.44^*	0.60	1.68^*	0.74	2.47
链霉菌科Streptomycetaceae	1.05	1.13	3.20	1.31^*	2.05	0.71^*
变形菌门Proteobacteria	21.90	32.54^*	25.18	25.14	25.44	16.60^*
根瘤菌科Rhizobiaceae	0.36	2.26^*	0.71	2.18^*	2.07	0.78^*
黄色杆菌科Xanthobacteraceae	4.39	4.29	4.81	2.69^*	6.01	0.68^*
绿弯菌门Chloroflexi	16.71	8.89^*	16.83	10.48^*	13.95	14.94
酸杆菌门Acidobacteriota	15.39	11.01	13.50	7.84^*	13.44	2.21^*
厚壁菌门Firmicutes	8.73	9.09^*	5.05	6.03^*	5.00	19.87^*
芽孢杆菌科Bacillaceae	3.63	4.81	1.92	2.70^*	5.95	6.48^*
类芽孢杆菌科Paenibacillaceae	1.19	1.18	8.15	0.64^*	0.78	3.59^*

指标 Index	T1		T2		T3
指标 Index	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection
Shannon指数Shannon index	4.76	3.58^*	4.15	3.37^*	4.25	3.78^*
Ace指数Ace index	810.26	837.69^*	824.15	665.64^*	1 167.33	277.85^*
Heip指数Heip index	0.15	0.05^*	0.08	0.05^*	0.07	0.02^*

Effects of different fumigation on continuous cropping soil in peach orchard

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指标 Index	T1		T2		T3
指标 Index	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection
有机质Organic matter/(g·kg^-1)	11.50	28.30^*	17.40	12.50^*	11.80	12.70
全氮Total nitrogen/(mg·kg^-1)	1 080.00	1 440.00^*	625.00	660.00^*	1 110.00	871.00^*
有效磷Available phosphorus/(mg·kg^-1)	162.00	386.00^*	77.60	133.00^*	92.20	77.90^*
速效钾Available potassium/(mg·kg^-1)	345.00	893.00^*	260.00	319.00^*	250.00	200.00^*
交换性钙Exchangeable calcium/(cmol·kg^-1)	3.20	10.40^*	1.20	7.70^*	8.10	7.70
交换性镁 Exchangeable magnesium/(cmol·kg^-1)	1.00	3.10^*	0.50	4.40^*	2.10	0.90^*
pH	4.76	5.51^*	4.52	4.93	5.21	5.07
电导率Electrical conductivity/(mS·m^-1)	40.50	147.00^*	49.00	63.10	29.70	46.10^*

指标 Index	T1		T2		T3
指标 Index	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection	消毒前 Before disinfection	消毒后 After disinfection
有机质Organic matter/(g·kg^-1)	11.50	28.30^*	17.40	12.50^*	11.80	12.70
全氮Total nitrogen/(mg·kg^-1)	1 080.00	1 440.00^*	625.00	660.00^*	1 110.00	871.00^*
有效磷Available phosphorus/(mg·kg^-1)	162.00	386.00^*	77.60	133.00^*	92.20	77.90^*
速效钾Available potassium/(mg·kg^-1)	345.00	893.00^*	260.00	319.00^*	250.00	200.00^*
交换性钙Exchangeable calcium/(cmol·kg^-1)	3.20	10.40^*	1.20	7.70^*	8.10	7.70
交换性镁 Exchangeable magnesium/(cmol·kg^-1)	1.00	3.10^*	0.50	4.40^*	2.10	0.90^*
pH	4.76	5.51^*	4.52	4.93	5.21	5.07
电导率Electrical conductivity/(mS·m^-1)	40.50	147.00^*	49.00	63.10	29.70	46.10^*