Research on 1D-DenseRNet-based classification and detection method for canned food vacuum data

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240092

Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (12): 2846-2856.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20240092

• Biosystems Engineering • Previous Articles Next Articles

Research on 1D-DenseRNet-based classification and detection method for canned food vacuum data

YU Shuochen¹(), ZHANG Jun²^,^*(), SONG Xinjie¹^,³, ZHOU Jinyun²

1. College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
2. Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
3. Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Bioprocessing Technology for Agricultural Products in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310023, China

Received:2024-01-21 Online:2024-12-25 Published:2024-12-27

Abstract

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem of low accuracy and high cost of vacuum detection in food cans, in order to realize the nondestructive detection of vacuum in food cans and improve the detection speed and accuracy, the research of measuring the curve data on the top of cans by using laser displacement sensors and categorizing the curve data by 1D-DenseRNet model is proposed. The model includes several improved dense connectivity modules, gate cycle units, attention layers and residual connectivity modules to extract time-series voltage sequence features and capture long-term dependencies. A cross-validation approach was used to analyze the effect of different network layers on the model performance. The optimal network model structure is designed by changing the convolutional layer, combining the attention mechanism, different recurrent neural network modules and the residual network structure, and observing the changes in other evaluation indexes such as model accuracy and model size. The experimental data show that the 1D-DenseRNet model incorporating the gate recurrent unit achieves the highest accuracy (98.77%) on the small sample dataset when the momentum factor is set to 0.9 and the learning rate is set to 0.000 5, and the number of model parameters is also relatively small. Comparison with a single convolutional neural network and other hybrid networks demonstrates the advantages of the 1D-DenseRNet model in handling the task of vacuum detection in food cans.

Key words: non-destructive testing of food cans, neural network, vacuum detection, small sample data classification

CLC Number:

TS205.6

YU Shuochen, ZHANG Jun, SONG Xinjie, ZHOU Jinyun. Research on 1D-DenseRNet-based classification and detection method for canned food vacuum data[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2024, 36(12): 2846-2856.

Figures/Tables 14

References 20

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真空度等级 Vacuum level	训练集 Training set	测试集 Test set	验证集 Valid set	合计 Total
0级(标准大气压)	3 645	729	729	5 103
Class 0 (standard atmospheric pressure)
1级(低真空度)	3 645	729	729	5 103
Class 1 (low vacuum)
合计Total	7 290	1 458	1 458	10 206

真空度等级 Vacuum level	训练集 Training set	测试集 Test set	验证集 Valid set	合计 Total
0级(标准大气压)	3 645	729	729	5 103
Class 0 (standard atmospheric pressure)
1级(低真空度)	3 645	729	729	5 103
Class 1 (low vacuum)
合计Total	7 290	1 458	1 458	10 206

结构名称 Structure name		超参数设置 Hyperparameter setting		训练超参数 Training hyperparameters
Dense	Dense	1DCNN	Kernel-size	12
block	layer		K-Stride	1
		1DCNN	Kernel-size	1
			K-Stride	1
		1DCNN	Kernel-size	3
			K-Stride	1
	Transition	1DCNN	Kernel-size	1
	layer	MaxPooling1D	Pool-Size	2
其他参数		优化算法Optimization algorithm		Nadam
Other parameters		迭代次数Number of iterations		100
		学习率Learning rate		0.000 5
		激活函数Activation function		Swish
		批次数据量Batch data volume		32
		损失函数Loss function		交叉损失函数
				Cross-loss function

结构名称 Structure name		超参数设置 Hyperparameter setting		训练超参数 Training hyperparameters
Dense	Dense	1DCNN	Kernel-size	12
block	layer		K-Stride	1
		1DCNN	Kernel-size	1
			K-Stride	1
		1DCNN	Kernel-size	3
			K-Stride	1
	Transition	1DCNN	Kernel-size	1
	layer	MaxPooling1D	Pool-Size	2
其他参数		优化算法Optimization algorithm		Nadam
Other parameters		迭代次数Number of iterations		100
		学习率Learning rate		0.000 5
		激活函数Activation function		Swish
		批次数据量Batch data volume		32
		损失函数Loss function		交叉损失函数
				Cross-loss function

学习率 Learning rate	准确率 Accuracy	精确度 Precision	F1值 F1 score	召回率 Recall
0.05	75.31 c	79.78 c	79.01 c	79.32 c
0.000 5	98.77 a	98.81 a	98.77 a	98.77 a
0.000 1	79.01 b	83.66 b	81.95 b	81.48 b

Research on 1D-DenseRNet-based classification and detection method for canned food vacuum data

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Figures/Tables 14

References 20

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卷积核参数 Convolutional kernel parameters	准确率 Accuracy	精准度 Precision	F1值 F1 score	召回率 Recall
1	88.89 d	89.99 d	89.09 d	88.89 d
3	97.51 b	97.70 b	97.55 b	97.53 b
12	92.59 c	90.91 c	92.06 c	94.44 c
梯度设计	98.77 a	98.81 a	98.62 a	99.07 a
Gradient design

模型名称 Model name	准确率 Accuracy/%	精确度 Precision/%	F1值 F1 score/%	召回率 Recall/%	网络参数量 Number of network parameters/bytes
1D-CNN	48.14 g	30.51 i	36.58 i	45.68 h	687 213 c
1D-DenseNet	92.59 f	92.99 h	92.65 g	92.59 f	254 568 f
1D-DenseNet-LSTM	96.30 d	96.47 e	96.29 e	96.30 d	428 334 d
1D-DenseNet-Res-LSTM	97.53 c	97.62 c	97.51 c	97.53 c	428 334 d
1D-DenseNet-BiLSTM	95.31 e	97.70 b	97.53 b	97.55 b	924 846 a
1D-DenseNet-Res-BiLSTM	96.30 d	96.67 d	96.33 d	96.30 d	700 590 b
1D-DenseNet-GRU	97.83 b	94.37 g	93.85 f	93.83 e	386 286 e
1D-Swin Transformer	92.59 f	95.24 f	80.00 h	86.96 g	108 482 g
1D-DenseRNet	98.77 a	98.81 a	98.62 a	99.07 a	386 286 e

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