关键词: 生物基磺酸盐, 不同生育期, 配方肥, 土壤质量, 番茄品质

Abstract: Organic water soluble fertilizer can effectively promote crop growth and improve crop characteristics. In view of the different fertilizer characteristics of tomato in different growth stages, the bio-based sulfonate was used and added with formula fertilizer to design the seedling, flowering and fruiting period in this experiment. The total amount of N₂O+P₂O₅+K₂O in seedling stage was 22, and two N-P-K levels were set as 12-4-6(E1) and 9-4-9(E2); the total amount of N₂O+P₂O₅+K₂O at the flowering stage was 50, and two N-P-K levels were set as 20-8-22(M1) and 19-6-25(M2); the total amount of N₂O+P₂O₅+K₂O was 58, and two N-P-K levels were set as 15-9-34(L1) and 13-7-38(L2), and 8 treatments in total were carried out to systematically study the growth, fruit quality and yield of tomato, in order to screen out formula fertilizers that can effectively improve tomato quality, yield and soil nutrient. The results showed that there was no significant difference in plant growth between two N-P-K levels in the early growth stage of tomato. The plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves in the N-P-K treatment of 20-8-22 were superior to that in the treatment of 19-6-25. In the late growth stage, the treatment of 20-8-22(M1)13-7-38(L2) was beneficial to stem diameter, number of leaves and chlorophyll content. The soluble sugar content of E1M2L1 and E2M1L2 was 5.71% and 5.70%, E1M1L1 was significantly lower than E1M2L1. The soluble solid content of E2M1L2 was the highest, 9.1% higher than E2M2L2. The V_C content of E1M2L2 was the highest, E2M1L1, E2M1L2 and E2M2L1 were the second. E1M1L2 significantly increased tomato yield, 88.2% higher than the lowest yield in E2M2L2, followed by E1M2L1 and E2M1L2, and the yield was 3 744.60 and 3 347.81 kg·667m^-2. The available nutrients, EC and pH value of E2M1L2 was all in the middle. In terms of yield, E1M1L2 can significantly increase tomato yield and economic benefits. The principal component analysis showed that E2M1L2 was the optimal fertilizer at seedling stage with the total amount of 22 and N∶P∶K=9∶4∶9, the optimal fertilizer at flowering stage was the total amount of 50 and N∶P∶K=20∶8∶22, the optimal fertilizer in the fruiting period was the total amount of 58 and N∶P∶K=13∶7∶38, which were more conducive to tomato growth, fruit quality and soil quality.

Key words: bio-based sulfonate, different growth stage, formulated fertilizer, soil quality, tomato quality