NaCl胁迫对冬油菜种子萌发和生理特性的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.03.02

浙江农业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 499-508.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2023.03.02

NaCl胁迫对冬油菜种子萌发和生理特性的影响

许耀照¹^,²(), 曾秀存²^,³^,^*(), 王振朝¹, 党仕卓¹, 刘永晶¹

1.河西学院农业与生态工程学院,甘肃张掖 734000
2.甘肃省河西走廊特色资源利用重点实验室,甘肃张掖 734000
3.河西学院生命科学与工程学院,甘肃张掖 734000

收稿日期:2022-05-06 出版日期:2023-03-25 发布日期:2023-04-07
通讯作者: ^*曾秀存,E-mail:xiucunzeng@126.com
作者简介:许耀照(1975—),男,甘肃榆中人,博士,教授,研究方向为作物生理与栽培、油菜抗逆机制。E-mail:xuyaozhao@126.com
基金资助:
甘肃省教育厅青年博士基金(2021QB-113);国家自然科学基金(31560397);国家自然科学基金(31660401);河西学院博士启动基金(KYQD2022009)

Effects of NaCl stress on seed germination and physiological characteristics of winter oilseed rape

XU Yaozhao¹^,²(), ZENG Xiucun²^,³^,^*(), WANG Zhenchao¹, DANG Shizhuo¹, LIU Yongjing¹

1. College of Agriculture and Ecological Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye 734000, Gansu, China
2. Key Laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gansu, Zhangye 734000, Gansu, China
3. School of Life Science and Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye 734000, Gansu, China

Received:2022-05-06 Online:2023-03-25 Published:2023-04-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示冬油菜耐盐性的差异,以白菜型冬油菜陇油16号、天油2号、天油4号和甘蓝型冬油菜宁油2号为材料,采用常规纸上萌发试验,用NaCl溶液(34、68、102、136、170 mmol·L^-1)模拟盐胁迫,研究NaCl胁迫对冬油菜种子萌发和相关生理指标的影响,用相关性分析评价耐盐性指标,用回归分析确定耐盐临界值。结果表明:与对照相比,随着NaCl浓度的升高,冬油菜种子发芽率、胚根长、胚芽长和幼苗干重、鲜重均呈下降趋势,且对白菜型冬油菜的影响程度小于甘蓝型冬油菜,高浓度NaCl (170 mmol·L^-1)显著降低冬油菜胚根长;幼苗脯氨酸含量、细胞膜透性、丙二醛(MDA)含量和过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈逐渐升高趋势。相关分析显示:冬油菜种子发芽率与胚根长、胚芽长、幼苗鲜重和干重呈极显著(P<0.01)正相关,与MDA含量、细胞膜透性、脯氨酸含量和POD活性呈极显著(P<0.01)负相关;冬油菜幼苗MDA含量与细胞膜透性、脯氨酸含量呈极显著(P<0.01)正相关。回归分析表明:冬油菜种子萌发生长指标的耐盐临界值为164.87~251.99 mmol·L^-1,半致死浓度和致死浓度分别是316.29~494.95 mmol·L^-1和558.57~883.67 mmol·L^-1,冬油菜萌发生长指标的耐盐临界值由高到低是发芽率、胚芽长、幼苗鲜重、幼苗干重、胚根长。冬油菜品种间耐盐性强弱为陇油16号>天油2号>天油4号>宁油2号,冬油菜品种间盐害指数大小为宁油2号>天油4号>天油2号>陇油16号。综上可知,可用种子发芽率、胚根长和丙二醛含量作为冬油菜品种耐盐性筛选指标,研究结果可为耐盐冬油菜种质创新提供参考。

关键词: NaCl胁迫, 冬油菜, 种子萌发, 生理特性, 耐盐临界值, 耐盐指标

Abstract:

In this study, we investigated the salt tolerance of winter oilseed rape cultivars by subjecting Brassica rapa cultivars of Longyou 16, Tianyou 2, Tianyou 4, and Brassica napus cultivars of Ningyou 2 to NaCl stress at concentration of 34, 68, 102, 136, 170 mmol·L^-1. We measured the seed germination indexes and physiological characteristics. In addition, salt tolerance index and salt tolerance critical value were determined by correlation analysis and regression analysis, respectively. The results showed that seed germination rate, radicle length, sprout length, seedling dry weight and fresh weight all showed a decreasing trend with the increase of NaCl concentration, and the decrease of Brassica rapa cultivars of Longyou 16 and Tianyou 2 and Tianyou 4 was less than that of Brassica napus cultivars of Ningyou 2, and the inhibition degree of high salt concentration (170 mmol·L^-1) on radicle was significant. With increasing salt stress concentration, proline content, cell membrane permeability, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and peroxidase (POD) activity of seedlings gradually increased. Correlation analysis showed that seed germination rate was significantly (P<0.01) positively correlated with radicle length, sprout length, seedling fresh weight and seedling dry weight, while germination rate was significantly (P<0.01) negatively correlated with MDA content, cell membrane permeability, proline content and POD activity; MDA content in rapeseed seedlings was significantly (P<0.01) positively correlated with cell membrane permeability and proline content. Regression analysis showed that critical value of salt tolerance for seed germination and growth index of winter rapeseed was 164.87-251.99 mmol·L^-1, and the median lethal concentration and lethal concentration were 316.29-494.95 mmol·L^-1 and 558.57-883.67 mmol·L^-1, respectively. The critical value of germination growth index of winter rape showed germination rate>sprout length>fresh weight of seedlings>dry weight of seedlings>radicle length. The salt tolerance of winter oilseed rape showed Longyou 16>Tianyou 2>Tianyou 4>Ningyou 2. The salt injury index of winter oilseed rape showed Ningyou 2>Tianyou 4>Tianyou 2>Longyou 16. In conclusion, seed germination rate, radicle length and MDA content of winter oilseed rape could be used as indicators of salt tolerance. These results could provide references for germplasm innovation of salt tolerance winter oilseed rape.

Key words: NaCl stress, winter rapeseed, seed germination, physiological characteristic, salt tolerance critical value, salt tolerance index

中图分类号:

S565.4

许耀照, 曾秀存, 王振朝, 党仕卓, 刘永晶. NaCl胁迫对冬油菜种子萌发和生理特性的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(3): 499-508.

XU Yaozhao, ZENG Xiucun, WANG Zhenchao, DANG Shizhuo, LIU Yongjing. Effects of NaCl stress on seed germination and physiological characteristics of winter oilseed rape[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2023, 35(3): 499-508.

图/表 8

参考文献 36

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NaCl浓度 NaCl concentration/ (mmol·L^-1)	发芽率Germination rate
NaCl浓度 NaCl concentration/ (mmol·L^-1)	陇油16号 Longyou 16	天油2号 Tianyou 2	天油4号 Tianyou 4	宁油2号 Ningyou 2
0(CK)	96.33 a	97.33 a	94.33 a	90.00 a
34	95.00 a	96.00 a	92.00 a	85.67 b
68	90.66 b	93.00 b	86.67 b	84.67 b
102	86.66 c	89.00 c	81.33 c	80.33 c
136	83.00 d	84.00 d	75.67 d	73.33 d
170	81.00 e	79.00 e	72.67 e	63.33 e

NaCl浓度 NaCl concentration/ (mmol·L^-1)	发芽率Germination rate
NaCl浓度 NaCl concentration/ (mmol·L^-1)	陇油16号 Longyou 16	天油2号 Tianyou 2	天油4号 Tianyou 4	宁油2号 Ningyou 2
0(CK)	96.33 a	97.33 a	94.33 a	90.00 a
34	95.00 a	96.00 a	92.00 a	85.67 b
68	90.66 b	93.00 b	86.67 b	84.67 b
102	86.66 c	89.00 c	81.33 c	80.33 c
136	83.00 d	84.00 d	75.67 d	73.33 d
170	81.00 e	79.00 e	72.67 e	63.33 e

NaCl浓度 NaCl concentration/ (mmol·L^-1)	陇油16号 Longyou 16		天油2号 Tianyou 2		天油4号 Tianyou 4		宁油2号 Ningyou 2
NaCl浓度 NaCl concentration/ (mmol·L^-1)	胚根长 Radical length	胚芽长 Sprout length	胚根长 Radical length	胚芽长 Sprout length	胚根长 Radical length	胚芽长 Sprout length	胚根长 Radical length	胚芽长 Sprout length
0(CK)	7.34 a	2.20 a	8.12 a	2.33 a	7.89 a	2.17 a	6.34 a	1.47 a
34	6.85 b	2.13 a	7.90 a	2.23 a	7.29 b	1.90 ab	5.90 a	1.33 a
68	4.25 c	1.80 b	4.86 b	2.13 a	5.34 c	1.66 bc	4.74 b	0.93 b
102	2.02 d	1.57 c	2.95 c	1.87 b	3.42 d	1.40 cd	3.11 c	0.86 b
136	1.32 e	1.30 d	1.81 d	1.50 c	1.63 e	1.00 de	1.40 d	0.63 c
170	0.63 f	1.03 e	0.66 e	1.37 c	0.69 f	0.83 e	0.51 e	0.43 c

NaCl浓度 NaCl concentration/ (mmol·L^-1)	陇油16号 Longyou 16		天油2号 Tianyou 2		天油4号 Tianyou 4		宁油2号 Ningyou 2
NaCl浓度 NaCl concentration/ (mmol·L^-1)	胚根长 Radical length	胚芽长 Sprout length	胚根长 Radical length	胚芽长 Sprout length	胚根长 Radical length	胚芽长 Sprout length	胚根长 Radical length	胚芽长 Sprout length
0(CK)	7.34 a	2.20 a	8.12 a	2.33 a	7.89 a	2.17 a	6.34 a	1.47 a
34	6.85 b	2.13 a	7.90 a	2.23 a	7.29 b	1.90 ab	5.90 a	1.33 a
68	4.25 c	1.80 b	4.86 b	2.13 a	5.34 c	1.66 bc	4.74 b	0.93 b
102	2.02 d	1.57 c	2.95 c	1.87 b	3.42 d	1.40 cd	3.11 c	0.86 b
136	1.32 e	1.30 d	1.81 d	1.50 c	1.63 e	1.00 de	1.40 d	0.63 c
170	0.63 f	1.03 e	0.66 e	1.37 c	0.69 f	0.83 e	0.51 e	0.43 c

NaCl浓度 NaCl concentration/ (mmol·L^-1)	陇油16号Longyou 16		天油2号Tianyou 2		天油4号Tianyou 4		宁油2号Ningyou 2
NaCl浓度 NaCl concentration/ (mmol·L^-1)	鲜重 Fresh weight/g	干重 Dry weight/mg	鲜重 Fresh weight/g	干重 Dry weight/mg	鲜重 Fresh weight/g	干重 Dry weight/mg	鲜重 Fresh weight/g	干重 Dry weight/mg
0(CK)	0.211 a	18.6 a	0.247 a	22.3 a	0.192 a	16.8 a	0.182 a	15.8 a
34	0.185 b	16.6 b	0.226 a	19.7 a	0.180 a	16.0 ab	0.155 b	11.5 b
68	0.163 c	14.2 c	0.189 b	15.0 b	0.163 b	15.3 b	0.151 b	11.1 b
102	0.145 cd	11.9 d	0.180 bc	12.0 b	0.135 c	11.3 c	0.132 c	9.5 c
136	0.134 d	8.2 e	0.156 c	11.1 bc	0.131 c	9.2 d	0.102 d	6.9 d
170	0.095 e	4.9 f	0.128 d	7.7 c	0.084 d	5.1 e	0.087 d	5.0 e

NaCl胁迫对冬油菜种子萌发和生理特性的影响

Effects of NaCl stress on seed germination and physiological characteristics of winter oilseed rape

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NaCl浓度 NaCl concentration/ (mmol·L^-1)	陇油16号Longyou 16		天油2号Tianyou 2		天油4号Tianyou 4		宁油2号Ningyou 2
NaCl浓度 NaCl concentration/ (mmol·L^-1)	脯氨酸含量 Proline content/ (μg·g^-1)	细胞膜透性 Membrane permeability /%	脯氨酸含量 Proline content/ (μg·g^-1)	细胞膜透性 Membrane permeability /%	脯氨酸含量 Proline content/ (μg·g^-1)	细胞膜透性 Membrane permeability /%	脯氨酸含量 Proline content/ (μg·g^-1)	细胞膜透性 Membrane permeability /%
0(CK)	17.29 e	59.6 e	39.41 e	60.4 d	15.49 e	57.0 e	21.28 e	65.6 e
34	22.23 e	66.9 d	48.90 d	61.4 d	20.35 e	63.7 d	27.09 d	71.3 d
68	33.80 d	67.5 d	65.81 c	63.0 c	29.88 d	64.9 d	34.96 c	74.8 c
102	46.38 c	69.6 c	70.94 c	73.3 b	48.18 c	70.5 c	45.28 b	81.1 b
136	66.41 b	80.8 b	84.36 b	73.8 b	67.06 b	74.6 b	48.67 b	82.7 ab
170	83.76 a	87.3 a	93.79 a	78.5 a	78.43 a	81.7 a	60.13 a	84.3 a

NaCl浓度 NaCl concentration/ (mmol·L^-1)	陇油16号Longyou 16		天油2号Tianyou 2		天油4号Tianyou 4		宁油2号Ningyou 2
NaCl浓度 NaCl concentration/ (mmol·L^-1)	丙二醛含量 MDA content/ (μmol· g^-1)	过氧化物酶活性 POD activity/ (U·g^-1)	丙二醛含量 MDA content/ (μmol· g^-1)	过氧化物酶活性 POD activity/ (U·g^-1)	丙二醛含量 MDA content/ (μmol· g^-1)	过氧化物酶活性 POD activity/ (U·g^-1)	丙二醛含量 MDA content/ (μmol· g^-1)	过氧化物酶活性 POD activity/ (U·g^-1)
0(CK)	1.52 f	17.6 e	1.27 f	10.8 e	1.66 e	14.5 c	2.21 d	18.4 b
34	1.78 e	19.2 d	1.49 e	12.7 d	1.94 d	16.0 bc	2.48 d	19.5 b
68	2.22 d	21.9 c	2.06 d	15.3 c	2.17 d	18.1 abc	3.07 c	21.1 b
102	2.42 c	25.8 b	2.44 c	19.5 b	2.86 c	19.5 ab	3.51 b	21.9 b
136	3.02 b	27.9 a	2.71 b	20.9 b	3.34 b	20.9 a	3.82 a	25.8 a
171	3.34 a	28.5 a	3.04 a	23.5 a	3.62 a	21.1 a	4.10 a	27.2 a

指标 Index	发芽率 Germination rate	胚根长 Radicle length	胚芽长 Sprout length	幼苗鲜重 Fresh weight	幼苗干重 Dry weight	丙二醛 MDA	细胞膜透性 Membrane permeability	脯氨酸 Proline
胚根长Radicle length	0.85^**
胚芽长Sprout length	0.94^**	0.77^**
幼苗鲜重Fresh weight	0.92^**	0.88^**	0.91^**
幼苗干重Dry weight	0.91^**	0.93^**	0.89^**	0.97^**
丙二醛MDA	-0.96^**	-0.88^**	-0.97^**	-0.94^**	-0.95^**
细胞膜透性Membrane permeability	-0.86^**	-0.89^**	-0.88^**	-0.90^**	-0.94^**	0.93^**
脯氨酸Proline	-0.54^**	-0.80^**	-0.41^*	-0.53^**	-0.65^**	0.56^**	0.66^**
过氧化物酶POD	-0.73^**	-0.85^**	-0.76^**	-0.85^**	-0.86^**	0.79^**	0.854^**	0.47^*

品种 Cultivar	指标 Index	回归方程 Regression equation	R²	耐盐临界值 Salt tolerance critical value/ (mmol·L^-1)	半致死浓度 Median lethal concentration/ (mmol·L^-1)	致死浓度 Lethal concentration/ (mmol·L^-1)
陇油16号	发芽率Germination rate	y=-0.102 9x+100.93	0.978 1	251.99	494.95	883.67
Longyou 16	胚根长Radical length	y=-0.593 7x+101.56	0.946 7	44.74	86.85	154.22
	胚芽长Sprout length	y=-0.326 4x+103.80	0.984 4	88.24	164.83	287.38
	幼苗鲜重Fresh weight of seedlings	y=-0.297 2x+99.15	0.975 9	81.25	165.37	299.96
	幼苗干重Dry weight of seedlings	y=-0.432 8x+103.36	0.987 1	65.53	123.29	215.71
	均值Average value			106.35	207.06	368.19
天油2号	发芽率Germination rate	y=-0.116 4x+102.08	0.963 3	232.65	447.42	791.07
Tianyou 2	胚根长Radical length	y=-0.593 1x+104.34	0.961 2	49.47	91.62	159.06
	胚芽长Sprout length	y=-0.261 1x+103.90	0.954 3	110.69	206.43	359.63
	幼苗鲜重Fresh weight of seedlings	y=-0.274 5x+99.38	0.987 9	88.81	179.88	325.60
	幼苗干重Dry weight of seedlings	y=-0.378 2x+97.87	0.972 0	60.48	126.58	232.35
	均值Average value			108.42	210.39	373.54
天油4号	发芽率Germination rate	y=-0.146 4x+101.30	0.983 1	179.64	350.41	623.63
Tianyou 4	胚根长Radical length	y=-0.579 8x+104.88	0.982 7	51.54	94.65	163.64
	胚芽长Sprout length	y=-0.374 0x+100.69	0.991 9	68.69	135.53	242.49
	幼苗鲜重Fresh weight of seedlings	y=-0.312 4x+103.44	0.947 9	91.04	171.06	299.10
	幼苗干重Dry weight of seedlings	y=-0.413 8x+108.24	0.932 3	80.33	140.74	237.41
	均值Average value			94.25	178.48	313.26
宁油2号	发芽率Germination rate	y=-0.165 1x+102.22	0.921 9	164.87	316.29	558.57
	胚根长Radical length	y=-0.584 9x+107.65	0.975 5	55.82	98.56	166.95
	胚芽长Sprout length	y=-0.418 4x+99.63	0.974 5	58.93	118.73	214.43
	幼苗鲜重Fresh weight of seedlings	y=-0.298 8x+99.61	0.969 2	82.37	166.04	299.91
	幼苗干重Dry weight of seedlings	y=-0.365 7x+94.31	0.957 6	52.80	121.16	230.54
	均值Average value			82.96	164.16	294.08

NaCl浓度 NaCl concentration/(mmol·L^-1)	陇油16号 Longyou 16	天油2号 Tianyou 2	天油4号 Tianyou 4	宁油2号 Ningyou 2	均值 Mean
34	1.38	1.37	2.47	4.81	2.51
68	5.89	4.45	8.12	5.92	6.09
102	10.04	8.56	13.78	10.74	10.78
136	13.84	13.70	19.78	18.52	16.46
170	15.91	18.83	22.96	29.63	21.84

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