抗生素胁迫对不同施肥历史土壤中抗性基因的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250024

浙江农业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 551-558.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250024

抗生素胁迫对不同施肥历史土壤中抗性基因的影响

祝森根¹(), 程建华²^,^*(), 朱兴娜³, 李建新⁴, 唐翔宇²

^1. 浙江红盖头农业科技有限公司, 浙江江山 324109
^2. 浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院, 浙江杭州 311300
^3. 嘉兴职业技术学院现代农业学院, 浙江嘉兴 314036
^4. 江山市林业局, 浙江江山 324100

收稿日期:2025-01-06 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-04-17
作者简介:^*程建华,E-mail: chengjh@zafu.edu.cn
祝森根,研究方向为植物保护与利用。E-mail: 954104005@qq.com
通讯作者: 程建华
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(42007361);浙江省自然科学基金(LD21D010001);浙江农林大学科研发展基金(2020FR040);浙江农林大学科研发展基金(2021LFR045)

Effect of antibiotic stress on antibiotic resistance genes in soils with different fertilization histories

ZHU Sengen¹(), CHENG Jianhua²^,^*(), ZHU Xingna³, LI Jianxin⁴, TANG Xiangyu²

^1. Zhejiang Honggaitou Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Jiangshan 324109, Zhejiang, China
^2. School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
^3. School of Modern Agriculture, Jiaxing Vocational & Technical College, Jiaxing 314036, Zhejiang, China
^4. Forestry Bureau of Jiangshan County, Jiangshan 324100, Zhejiang, China

Received:2025-01-06 Published:2026-03-25 Online:2026-04-17
Contact: CHENG Jianhua

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

抗生素选择压力对具有不同粪肥施用背景农田土壤中抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)的影响仍不明确。本研究以长期施用化肥、鸡粪和猪粪的农田土壤为研究对象,采用高通量定量PCR技术,分析了不同抗生素添加量对土壤中ARGs数量、相对丰度和分布格局的影响。结果表明:所有土壤样品中共检出109种ARGs和24种可移动遗传元件(MGEs),其中氨基糖苷类和多重耐药类是土壤中主要的抗性基因。长期施用粪肥增加土壤中ARGs的数量和相对丰度并改变ARGs的分布格局,其中施用猪粪的效果更强。相似地,抗生素添加也能促进ARGs在土壤中的传播,其效果随抗生素剂量的增加而增加,且因土壤施肥历史而异。ARGs数量对抗生素胁迫的响应在长期施用化肥的土壤中更为明显,而长期施用粪肥土壤中ARGs相对丰度和分布格局对抗生素的敏感性更高。此外,土壤中MGEs与ARGs的相对丰度呈极显著(p<0.01)正相关关系。研究结果可为粪肥农用的健康风险评估提供科学依据。

关键词: 土壤, 施肥历史, 抗生素胁迫, 抗生素抗性基因, 剂量效应

Abstract:

The effects of antibiotic selective pressure on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in agricultural soils with long term application of different manures remain poorly understood. The high-throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction technology was adopted in the present study to analyze the effect of antibiotic dose on the number, relative abundance and composition of ARGs in farmland soils subjected to long-term application of chemical fertilizers, chicken manure, and pig manure. The results showed that a total of 109 ARGs and 24 mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were detected across all soil samples. Genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides and multiple drugs were the two most dominant types of ARGs. Long-term manure application enhanced both the number and relative abundance of soil ARGs and altered their distribution patterns, with pig manure demonstrating a more pronounced effect. Likely, antibiotic addition also stimulated the spread of ARGs in soil, while its extent increased with antibiotic concentration and varied depending on the soil fertilization history. The response of ARGs detection frequency to antibiotic stress was more pronounced in soils with a history of chemical fertilizer application, while the relative concentration and distribution patterns of ARGs in manure-amended soils showed greater sensitivity to antibiotics. Additionally, the relative abundance of soil MGEs showed a significantly (p<0.01) positive correlation with that of ARGs irrespective of soil types. These results provided a scientific basis for the evaluation of health risk of agricultural application of livestock manure.

Key words: soil, fertilization history, antibiotic stress, antibiotic resistance genes, dose-response

中图分类号:

祝森根, 程建华, 朱兴娜, 李建新, 唐翔宇. 抗生素胁迫对不同施肥历史土壤中抗性基因的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(3): 551-558.

ZHU Sengen, CHENG Jianhua, ZHU Xingna, LI Jianxin, TANG Xiangyu. Effect of antibiotic stress on antibiotic resistance genes in soils with different fertilization histories[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(3): 551-558.

图/表 7

表1 原始土样的基本理化性质与抗生素残留量

Table 1 Basic physicochemical properties and antibiotic residue content of the original soil sample

样本 Sample	pH值 pH value	有机碳含量/(mg·g^-1) Organic carbon content/(mg·g^-1)	总氮含量/(mg·g^-1) Total nitrogen content/(mg·g^-1)	抗生素残留量/(μg·kg^-1) Antibiotic residue/(μg·kg^-1)
样本 Sample	pH值 pH value	有机碳含量/(mg·g^-1) Organic carbon content/(mg·g^-1)	总氮含量/(mg·g^-1) Total nitrogen content/(mg·g^-1)	SD	SMT	SMZ	OTC	DOXC
CM	5.57	22.23	1.32	6.23	2.98	1.51	5.25	7.36
PM	6.45	24.08	1.42	10.68	19.57	3.44	28.91	16.26
NPK	4.58	13.40	1.29	0.18	—	0.28	1.38	0.14

图1 不同抗生素添加量土壤中抗生素抗性基因的检出数量 PM、CM、NPK分别表征长期(5 a以上)施用猪粪、鸡粪、化肥的旱地农田土壤。下同。柱上无相同字母的表示差异显著(p<0.05)。MLSB类,大环内酯-林可酰胺-链阳菌素B类。

Fig.1 The number of detected antibiotic resistance genes in soils with different antibiotic addition levels PM, CM, and NPK represent the soil of upland farmlands under long-term (more than 5 years) application of pig manure, chicken manure, and chemical fertilizers, respectively. The same as below. Bars marked without the same letters indicate significan difference at p<0.05. MLSB, Macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B.

图2 不同抗生素添加量土壤中抗生素抗性基因的相对丰度同一样本柱上无相同字母的表示差异显著(p<0.05)。

Fig.2 Relative abundance of detected antibiotic resistance genes in soils with different antibiotic addition levels Bars marked without the same letters indicate significan difference at p<0.05 for the same sample.

图3 基于主坐标分析的土壤中抗生素抗性基因的分布格局

Fig.3 Distribution pattern of antibiotic resistance genes in soil based on principal coordinate analysis

图4 不同抗生素添加量土壤中可移动遗传元件的检出数量

Fig.4 The number of detected mobile genetic elements in soils with different antibiotic addition levels

图5 不同抗生素添加量土壤中可移动遗传元件的相对丰度

Fig.5 Relative abundance of detected mobile genetic elements in soils with different antibiotic addition levels

图6 土壤样品中抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)与可移动基因元件(MGEs)相对丰度的关系

Fig.6 Correlation between the relative abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in soil samples

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抗生素胁迫对不同施肥历史土壤中抗性基因的影响

Effect of antibiotic stress on antibiotic resistance genes in soils with different fertilization histories

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