唑虫酰胺与氟啶虫酰胺在茶叶中的残留消解与膳食风险评估

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250071

浙江农业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 581-587.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250071

唑虫酰胺与氟啶虫酰胺在茶叶中的残留消解与膳食风险评估

丁培珩¹(), 于菲¹^,², 程珂¹^,², 王辰雪¹, 郑晓¹, 慕文静¹^,^*(), 王秀国¹

^1. 中国农业科学院烟草研究所, 山东青岛 266100
^2. 淮阴工学院生命科学与食品工程学院, 江苏淮安 223003

收稿日期:2025-01-22 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-04-17
作者简介:^*慕文静,E-mail: muwenjing@caas.cn
丁培珩,研究方向为农药管理与安全使用。E-mail: Lunad7@foxmail.com
通讯作者: 慕文静
基金资助:
山东省自然科学基金(ZR2023QC222);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610232023015)

Residual degradation and dietary risk assessment of tolfenpyrad and flonicamid in tea leaves

DING Peiheng¹(), YU Fei¹^,², CHENG Ke¹^,², WANG Chenxue¹, ZHENG Xiao¹, MU Wenjing¹^,^*(), WANG Xiuguo¹

^1. Institute of Tobacco Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China
^2. College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an 223003, Jiangsu, China

Received:2025-01-22 Published:2026-03-25 Online:2026-04-17
Contact: MU Wenjing

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探明唑虫酰胺和氟啶虫酰胺在茶叶中的消解动态和最终残留情况,评估使用该药剂防治害虫可能产生的膳食风险,本文采用超高效液相色谱-串联三重四极杆质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)进行分析,外标法定量。结果表明,该方法线性良好,氟啶虫酰胺在茶叶(鲜)及茶叶(干)中的平均回收率分别为88%~96%和90%~93%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为3.9%~6.0%和2.3%~2.9%;唑虫酰胺在茶叶(鲜)及茶叶(干)中的平均回收率分别为81%~88%和85%~92%,RSD分别为2.2%~4.2%和2.1%~5.3%。膳食风险评估表明,唑虫酰胺、氟啶虫酰胺的国家估计每日摄入量(NEDI)分别为0.147 61 mg与2.395 72 mg,分别占每日允许摄入量(ADI)的39.1%和53.5%,对一般人群无不可接受风险。因此,在规范施药条件下,唑虫酰胺和氟啶虫酰胺在茶叶中属于低残留农药,且膳食摄入风险较低。本研究为唑虫酰胺和氟啶虫酰胺在茶叶上的科学合理使用提供了数据支持。

关键词: 唑虫酰胺, 氟啶虫酰胺, 茶叶, 残留消解, 膳食风险

Abstract:

In order to investigate the degradation dynamics and final residues of tolfenpyrad and flonicamid in tea, and to clarify the possible dietary risks caused by using tolfenpyrad and flonicamid in pest control, the samples were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), with an external standard method. The results showed that the analysis method had good linearity. The average recovery rates of flonicamid in fresh tea and dry tea were 88%-96% and 90%-93%, respectively, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 3.9%-6.0% and 2.3%-2.9%, respectively. The average recovery rate of tolfenpyrad in fresh tea and dry tea was 81%-88% and 85%-92%, respectively, and the RSD was 2.2%-4.2% and 2.1%-5.3%, respectively. Dietary risk assessment showed that the national estimated daily intake (NEDI) of tolfenpyrad and flonicamid were 0.147 61 and 2.395 72 mg, respectively, accounting for 39.1% and 53.5% of the acceptable daily intake (ADI), and there was no unacceptable risk for the general population. Therefore, under the standard application conditions, tolfenpyrad and flonicamid belong to low residue pesticides in tea, and the risk of dietary intake is low. This study provided data support for the scientific and rational use of tolfenpyrad and flonicamid in tea.

Key words: tolfenpyrad, flonicamid, tea, residual degradation, dietary risk

中图分类号:

丁培珩, 于菲, 程珂, 王辰雪, 郑晓, 慕文静, 王秀国. 唑虫酰胺与氟啶虫酰胺在茶叶中的残留消解与膳食风险评估[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(3): 581-587.

DING Peiheng, YU Fei, CHENG Ke, WANG Chenxue, ZHENG Xiao, MU Wenjing, WANG Xiuguo. Residual degradation and dietary risk assessment of tolfenpyrad and flonicamid in tea leaves[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(3): 581-587.

图/表 8

参考文献 19

[1]	宋红健, 刘玉秀, 汪清民. N-烷基吡唑-5-甲酰胺类杀虫杀螨剂的研究进展[J]. 中国科学: 化学, 2016, 46(11): 1143-1154.
	SONG H J, LIU Y X, WANG Q M. Recent advances in insecticides/acaricides of N-alkylpyrazole-5-formamides[J]. Scientia Sinica: Chimica, 2016, 46(11): 1143-1154.
[2]	MORITA M, UEDA T, YONEDA T, et al. Flonicamid, a novel insecticide with a rapid inhibitory effect on aphid feeding[J]. Pest Management Science, 2007, 63(10): 969-973.
[3]	潘少霖, 王贤达, 林雄杰, 等. 15%唑虫酰胺悬浮剂对柑橘木虱田间药效评价[J]. 农药, 2018, 57(1): 58-60.
	PAN S L, WANG X D, LIN X J, et al. Field efficacy of tolfenpyrad 15% SC against Diaphorina citri Kuwayama[J]. Agrochemicals, 2018, 57(1): 58-60.
[4]	王青青, 柳璇, 姜蔚, 等. 唑虫酰胺的残留研究进展及发展趋势[J]. 农药, 2016, 55(8): 557-560.
	WANG Q Q, LIU X, JIANG W, et al. Research progress and development trend of tolfenpyrad residues[J]. Agrochemicals, 2016, 55(8): 557-560.
[5]	范文政, 顾保权, 朱伟清, 等. 唑虫酰胺的合成[J]. 现代农药, 2005, 4(2): 9-11.
	FAN W Z, GU B Q, ZHU W Q, et al. Synthesis of tolfenpyrad[J]. Modern Agrochemicals, 2005, 4(2): 9-11.
[6]	曾明森, 刘丰静, 黄伙水, 等. 茶园唑虫酰胺残留动态与使用安全性[J]. 福建农业学报, 2014, 29(8): 774-778.
	ZENG M S, LIU F J, HUANG H S, et al. Residue and safety of tolfenpyrad used in tea plantations[J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2014, 29(8): 774-778.
[7]	兰婷婷. 唑虫酰胺在四种叶类蔬菜中的分析检测、残留归趋及膳食风险研究[D]. 贵阳: 贵州大学, 2022.
	LAN T T. Analysis, detection, residue dynamics and dietary risk of tolfenpyrad in four leafy vegetables[D]. Guiyang: Guizhou University, 2022.
[8]	石凯威, 汤丛峰, 李薇, 等. 新型农药氟啶虫酰胺在苹果中的残留消解及膳食风险评估[J]. 农药, 2015, 54(9): 674-677.
	SHI K W, TANG C F, LI W, et al. Residue and dietary risk assessment of flonicamid in apple[J]. Agrochemicals, 2015, 54(9): 674-677.
[9]	吴燕, 杨静, 陈翔, 等. 氟啶虫酰胺、噻螨酮和烯唑醇在枸杞上的残留安全性分析[J]. 农药, 2023, 62(3): 194-199.
	WU Y, YANG J, CHEN X, et al. Residual safety analysis of flonicamid, hexythiazox and diniconazole on Lycium barbarum[J]. Agrochemicals, 2023, 62(3): 194-199.
[10]	仇是胜, 柏亚罗, 顾林玲. 氟啶虫酰胺的研究开发及市场前景[J]. 现代农药, 2014, 13(5): 6-11.
	QIU S S, BAI Y L, GU L L. Research, development and market prospect of flonicamid[J]. Modern Agrochemicals, 2014, 13(5): 6-11.
[11]	苏建亚. 氟啶虫酰胺作用靶标: 内向整流钾离子通道研究进展[J]. 农药学学报, 2019, 21(2): 131-139.
	SU J Y. Molecular target of flonicamid: inward-rectifying potassium channels[J]. Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science, 2019, 21(2): 131-139.
[12]	张亦冰. 新颖杀虫剂: 氟啶虫酰胺[J]. 世界农药, 2010, 32(1): 54-56.
	ZHANG Y B. A novel insecticide: flonicamid[J]. World Pesticides, 2010, 32(1): 54-56.
[13]	胡汉亮, 吴清莲, 蔡清毅, 等. 市售红茶中农药残留检测与健康风险评价[J]. 热带农业科学, 2024, 44(10): 101-107.
	HU H L, WU Q L, CAI Q Y, et al. Detection and health risk assessment of pesticide residues in commercially available black tea[J]. Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 2024, 44(10): 101-107.
[14]	朱建华, 赵莉. 液相色谱串联质谱法测定果蔬中的唑虫酰胺、氟啶虫酰胺、氯虫苯甲酰胺及氟虫双酰胺残留[J]. 分析测试学报, 2011, 30(6): 646-650.
	ZHU J H, ZHAO L. Simultaneous determination of tolfenpyrad, flonicamid, chlorantraniliprole and flubendiamide in vegetables and fruits by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J]. Journal of Instrumental Analysis, 2011, 30(6): 646-650.
[15]	于乐祥, 刘敬民, 狄凤娟, 等. 50%氟啶虫酰胺·螺虫乙酯悬浮剂的高效液相色谱分析方法[J]. 农药, 2022, 61(2): 102-104.
	YU L X, LIU J M, DI F J, et al. HPLC method of flonicamid and spirotetramat 50% SC[J]. Agrochemicals, 2022, 61(2): 102-104.
[16]	乔成奎, 庄明, 田发军, 等. 氟啶虫酰胺和螺虫乙酯在猕猴桃园中的降解及膳食风险评估[J]. 园艺学报, 2024, 51(6): 1386-1402.
	QIAO C K, ZHUANG M, TIAN F J, et al. Degradation behaviors and dietary risk assessment of flonicamid and spirotetramat in kiwifruit plantations[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(6): 1386-1402.
[17]	WTO. Japan agricultural chemical: flonicamid[EB/OL]. (2023-03-31)[2025-01-22]. https://members.wto.org/crnattachments/2023/SPS/JPN/23_8670_00_e.pdf.
[18]	张清涛. 氟啶虫酰胺在茶叶中的降解行为研究[D]. 贵阳: 贵州大学, 2019.
	ZHANG Q T. Degradation behavior of flonicamid in tea[D]. Guiyang: Guizhou University, 2019.
[19]	刘建亲, 花日茂. 微生物降解农药的研究进展[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2008, 36(24): 10663-10664.
	LIU J Q, HUA R M. Research progress of pesticides degradation by microorganism[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2008, 36(24): 10663-10664.

农药 Pesticide	保留时间/min Retention time/min	定性离子对 Qualitative ion pair(m/z)	定量离子对 Quantitative ion pair(m/z)	管透镜电压/V Tube lens voltage/V	碰撞能量/eV Collision energy/eV
唑虫酰胺Tolfenpyrad	3.2	384.2/154.1	384.2/197.1	200	38/22
氟啶虫酰胺Flonicamid	2.3	230.2/174.1	230.2/203.1	73	17/16

农药 Pesticide	保留时间/min Retention time/min	定性离子对 Qualitative ion pair(m/z)	定量离子对 Quantitative ion pair(m/z)	管透镜电压/V Tube lens voltage/V	碰撞能量/eV Collision energy/eV
唑虫酰胺Tolfenpyrad	3.2	384.2/154.1	384.2/197.1	200	38/22
氟啶虫酰胺Flonicamid	2.3	230.2/174.1	230.2/203.1	73	17/16

农药 Pesticide	工作液 Working solution	线性方程 Linear equation	决定系数(R²) Coefficient of determination(R²)
唑虫酰胺 Tolfenpyrad	乙腈Acetonitrile	y=1 776 319x+4 070	0.999 7
	茶叶(鲜)空白基质Fresh tea blank substrate	y=1 056 435x+3 187	0.998 7
	茶叶(干)空白基质Dry tea blank substrate	y=930 132x+6 845	0.998 8
氟啶虫酰胺 Flonicamid	乙腈Acetonitrile	y=1 901 204x+5 224	0.999 6
	茶叶(鲜)空白基质Fresh tea blank substrate	y=1 255 664x+4 587	0.999 9
	茶叶(干)空白基质Dry tea blank substrate	y=1 124 471x+5 783	0.999 9

农药 Pesticide	工作液 Working solution	线性方程 Linear equation	决定系数(R²) Coefficient of determination(R²)
唑虫酰胺 Tolfenpyrad	乙腈Acetonitrile	y=1 776 319x+4 070	0.999 7
	茶叶(鲜)空白基质Fresh tea blank substrate	y=1 056 435x+3 187	0.998 7
	茶叶(干)空白基质Dry tea blank substrate	y=930 132x+6 845	0.998 8
氟啶虫酰胺 Flonicamid	乙腈Acetonitrile	y=1 901 204x+5 224	0.999 6
	茶叶(鲜)空白基质Fresh tea blank substrate	y=1 255 664x+4 587	0.999 9
	茶叶(干)空白基质Dry tea blank substrate	y=1 124 471x+5 783	0.999 9

农药 Pesticide	基质 Substrate	添加浓度 Added concentration/(mg·kg^-1)	平均回收率/% Average recovery rate/%	RSD/%
唑虫酰胺Tolfenpyrad	茶叶(鲜)Fresh tea	0.05	81	4.2
		5.00	85	3.2
		50.00	88	2.2
	茶叶(干)Dry tea	0.05	86	5.3
		5.00	85	4.7
		50.00	92	2.1
氟啶虫酰胺Flonicamid	茶叶(鲜)Fresh tea	0.05	88	6.0
		5.00	89	3.9
		20.00	96	4.4
	茶叶(干)Dry tea	0.05	90	2.3
		5.00	90	2.9
		20.00	93	2.3

唑虫酰胺与氟啶虫酰胺在茶叶中的残留消解与膳食风险评估

Residual degradation and dietary risk assessment of tolfenpyrad and flonicamid in tea leaves

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 8

参考文献 19

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

农药 Pesticide	采收间隔期/d Harvest interval/d	基质 Substrate	残留中值/(mg·kg^-1) Supervised trials median residue/(mg·kg^-1)	最高残留量/(mg·kg^-1) Highest residue/(mg·kg^-1)
唑虫酰胺Tolfenpyrad	7	茶叶(鲜)Fresh tea	1.10	5.00
		茶叶(干)Dry tea	1.60	5.20
	10	茶叶(鲜)Fresh tea	0.62	2.50
		茶叶(干)Dry tea	0.83	4.60
氟啶虫酰胺Flonicamid	7	茶叶(鲜)Fresh tea	0.19	0.58
		茶叶(干)Dry tea	0.24	0.90
	10	茶叶(鲜)Fresh tea	0.18	0.37
		茶叶(干)Dry tea	0.14	0.55

食物种类 Food classification	登记作物 Registration crop	膳食量/kg Dietary intake/kg	参考限量/(mg·kg^-1) Reference limit/(mg·kg^-1)	限量来源 Limited source	NEDI/mg
浅色蔬菜Light vegetables	甘蓝Cabbage	0.183 7	0.5	中国China	0.091 85
水果Fruits	柑橘Citrus	0.045 7	0.8	美国America	0.036 56
饮料类Beverages	茶Tea	0.012 0	1.6	STMR	0.019 20
合计Total	—	0.241 4	—	—	0.147 61

食物种类 Food classification	登记作物 Registration crop	膳食量 Dietary intake/kg	参考限量 Reference limit/(mg·kg^-1)	限量来源 Limited source	NEDI/mg
米及其制品Rice and its products	稻谷Rice	0.239 9	0.50	中国China	0.119 95
薯类Tubers	马铃薯Potato	0.049 5	0.20	中国China	0.009 90
深色蔬菜Dark vegetables	菠菜Spinach	0.091 5	20.00	中国China	1.830 00
浅色蔬菜Light vegetables	甘蓝Cabbage	0.183 7	2.00	中国China	0.367 40
水果Fruits	苹果Apple	0.045 7	1.00	中国China	0.045 70
植物油Vegetable oil	棉籽Cottonseed	0.032 7	0.60	中国China	0.019 62
食盐Salt	茶Tea	0.012 0	0.24	STMR	0.002 88
酱油Soy sauce	大葱Shallot	0.009 0	0.03	欧盟EU	0.000 27
合计Total	—	0.664 0	—	—	2.395 72

[1]	董瑞丽, 顾蕾, 张梦, 周国模. 丽水市茶树碳储量和茶叶产品碳足迹研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(2): 339-350.
[2]	刘睿, 王丽娟, 王秋皓, 林旭东, 郭启航, 许多霖, 李文妍. 基于改进YOLOv8s的茶叶病虫害检测[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(9): 1933-1942.
[3]	刘婕, 疏再发, 刘林敏, 叶火香, 周慧娟, 吉庆勇, 何卫中. 茶叶全程机械化的研究与应用[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2025, 37(10): 2235-2246.
[4]	王晓梅, 骆玉琴, 赵学平, 陆兰菲, 方楠, 王祥云, 蒋金花, 何红梅, 张昌朋, 王强. 氟吡菌酰胺在铁皮石斛中的残留与膳食风险[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(7): 1666-1676.
[5]	朱铭敏, 张国平, 谭建军, 孙玲姣, 朱黎, 焦洁. 基于YOLOv5s的轻量级茶叶嫩芽终端检测模型[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(6): 1413-1424.
[6]	梁秀美, 张维一, 陈官菊, 夏海涛, 郭秀珠, 何如意, 蒋佳铭, 林定鹏. 温州市杨梅农药残留与重金属污染特征及膳食摄入风险评估[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2024, 36(10): 2347-2357.
[7]	俞国红, 郑航, 叶云翔, 薛向磊, 傅童. 轻便自走式采茶机的设计与试验[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(9): 2233-2239.
[8]	张宁, 陶荣浩, 刘佩诗, 胡含秀, 高琳琳, 郭龙, 祝尊友, 马友华. 不同种类有机肥配施化肥对茶叶生长、品质和土壤肥力的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(8): 1844-1852.
[9]	邓美华, 高娜, 吴林土, 徐火忠, 洪海清, 朱有为. 浙江省铅污染源解析与茶叶铅污染风险评价[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(5): 1123-1131.
[10]	张春荣, 郭钤, 孔丽萍, 吴园园, 林琴, 许振岚, 赵学平, 汤涛. 嘧菌酯在杨梅中的残留行为及膳食暴露风险评估[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(4): 942-951.
[11]	王金凤, 周琦, 吕玉龙, 陈卓梅. 间作景观树种对茶园生态系统与茶叶生产的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(3): 523-533.
[12]	吴耀, 章钢明, 周成云, 吴燕君, 张丹, 董代幸, 洪文英. 唑虫酰胺在西兰苔中的残留消解动态与膳食风险评估[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2023, 35(1): 184-190.
[13]	孙淑媛, 侯丽娜, 杨桂玲, 杜雨婷, 赵芸. 葡萄中几种常用防治绿盲蝽农药的残留动态与风险评估[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(7): 1513-1518.
[14]	张棚, 杨雪妍, 洪晶, 张娅俐, 田晓静, 张福梅, 曹竑, 陈士恩, 马忠仁, 丁功涛, 宋礼, 罗丽. 贵州湄潭茶区土壤-茶叶系统中微量元素富集规律与产地溯源[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(2): 378-390.
[15]	王丽芳, 叶良, 谢忠稳, 党向利. 茶叶抗菌肽粗提物的抑菌活性及其对冷却肉保鲜的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(10): 2268-2276.