外源有机物料长期施用对黄泥田团聚体稳定性和有机碳氮积累的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250617

浙江农业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 720-730.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250617

外源有机物料长期施用对黄泥田团聚体稳定性和有机碳氮积累的影响

石其伟¹(), 伍少福², 陶娟花¹, 吴良欢³, 马庆旭³, 刘秀³, 韩科峰³^,^*()

¹ 绍兴市柯桥区农业水产技术推广站, 浙江绍兴 312030
² 绍兴市粮油作物技术推广中心, 浙江绍兴 312000
³ 浙江大学环境与资源学院, 浙江省农业资源与环境重点实验室, 浙江杭州 310058

收稿日期:2025-09-26 出版日期:2026-04-25 发布日期:2026-05-08
作者简介:*韩科峰,E-mail: hkf1982@163.com
石其伟,主要从事农业技术推广工作。E-mail: 24038943@qq.com
通讯作者: 韩科峰
基金资助:
浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划(2025SNJF025);国家自然科学基金(32172674);农田智慧施肥项目(20221805)

Effects of exogenous organic materials amendments on soil aggregate stability and accumulation of organic carbon and total nitrogen in yellow clayey paddy soil

SHI Qiwei¹(), WU Shaofu², TAO Juanhua¹, WU Lianghuan³, MA Qingxu³, LIU Xiu³, HAN Kefeng³^,^*()

¹ Agricultural and Aquatic Technology Promotion Station in Keqiao District of Shaoxing City, Shaoxing 312030, Zhejiang, China
² Shaoxing Grain and Oil Crop Technology Promotion Center, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang, China
³ Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China

Received:2025-09-26 Published:2026-04-25 Online:2026-05-08
Contact: HAN Kefeng

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究长期施用不同有机物料对黄泥田土壤团聚体稳定性及团聚体有机碳和全氮的影响,于2011—2023年在浙江省金华市水稻田进行田间小区试验,试验共设置3个处理,包括单施化肥(NPK)、化肥配施秸秆添加快腐熟剂(RS)和控释BB肥配施腐熟牛粪(CM),于2023年晚稻收获后采集0~20 cm耕层土样,用湿筛法获得不同粒径团聚体,测定各粒径级团聚体的比例(质量分数)、有机碳和全氮含量,计算土壤团聚体平均质量直径(MWD)、几何平均直径(GMD)和粒径>0.25 mm团聚体的比例(质量分数)(R_0.25),测算各粒径团聚体的有机碳、全氮储量。结果显示,与NPK处理相比:RS处理显著(p<0.05)降低了土壤中粒径≤0.25 mm团聚体的比例;CM处理显著降低土壤容重和粒径≤0.25 mm团聚体的比例,显著提高粒径>2.00、>0.25~1.00 mm团聚体的比例,及MWD、GMD和R_0.25。与NPK处理相比,CM处理粒径>2.00 mm团聚体的有机碳储量和贡献率分别显著提高66.91%和11.23百分点,粒径>2.00 mm团聚体全氮储量显著提高43.89%。相关分析的结果表明,影响团聚体稳定性的主要为粒径>2.00 mm和>0.25~1.00 mm团聚体。总的来看,CM和RS处理均有助于提高土壤中团聚体的稳定性,及团聚体的有机碳和全氮储量,且CM处理的效果优于RS处理。因此,控释BB肥配施牛粪可作为提高浙中黄泥田土壤团聚体稳定性和调控土壤有机碳库、氮库的有效方法。

关键词: 黄泥田, 有机物料, 有机碳, 全氮, 团聚体稳定性

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of long-term application of different organic materials on the stability of soil aggregates and the contents of organic carbon and total nitrogen in soil aggregates of yellow clayey paddy soil, a field plot experiment was carried out in a rice paddy field in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province of China from 2011 to 2023. Three treatments were designed in the experiment, namely chemical fertilizer alone (NPK), combined application of chemical fertilizer and straw with rapid decomposer (RS), and combined application of controlled-release bulk-blended (BB) fertilizer and decomposed cow manure (CM). Topsoil (0-20 cm) samples were collected after the late rice harvest in 2023. Soil aggregates with different particle sizes were separated by the wet sieving method. The proportion (mass fraction), organic carbon content and total nitrogen content of aggregates in each particle size fraction were determined. The mean weight diameter (MWD), geometric mean diameter (GMD) and the proportion (mass fraction) of soil aggregates>0.25 mm (R_0.25) were calculated, and the storages of organic carbon and total nitrogen in aggregates of each particle size fraction were estimated. The results showed that compared with the NPK treatment: the RS treatment significantly (p<0.05) reduced the proportion of aggregates with particle size ≤0.25 mm in the soil; the CM treatment significantly decreased soil bulk density and the proportion of aggregates with particle size ≤0.25 mm, and significantly increased the proportion of aggregates with particle sizes of >2.00 mm and >0.25-1.00 mm, as well as the values of MWD, GMD and R_0.25. Compared with the NPK treatment, the CM treatment significantly increased the organic carbon storage and its contribution rate of aggregates with particle sizes of >2.00 mm by 66.91% and 11.23 percentage points, respectively, and significantly increased the total nitrogen storage of aggregates with particle sizes of >2.00 mm by 43.89%. Correlation analysis indicated that the stability of soil aggregates was mainly affected by aggregates with particle sizes of >2.00 mm and >0.25-1.00 mm. Overall, both the CM and RS treatments contributed to improving the stability of soil aggregates and the storages of organic carbon and total nitrogen in soil aggregates, and the effect of the CM treatment was superior to that of the RS treatment. Therefore, the combined application of controlled-release BB fertilizer and decomposed cow manure can be adopted as an effective measure to enhance the stability of soil aggregates and regulate the soil organic carbon pool and nitrogen pool in yellow clayey paddy soils in central Zhejiang.

Key words: yellow clayey paddy soil, organic material, organic carbon, total nitrogen, aggregate stability

中图分类号:

S143

石其伟, 伍少福, 陶娟花, 吴良欢, 马庆旭, 刘秀, 韩科峰. 外源有机物料长期施用对黄泥田团聚体稳定性和有机碳氮积累的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2026, 38(4): 720-730.

SHI Qiwei, WU Shaofu, TAO Juanhua, WU Lianghuan, MA Qingxu, LIU Xiu, HAN Kefeng. Effects of exogenous organic materials amendments on soil aggregate stability and accumulation of organic carbon and total nitrogen in yellow clayey paddy soil[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2026, 38(4): 720-730.

图/表 8

图1 不同处理下土壤的团聚体组成分布柱内无相同字母的表示相同粒径下不同处理间差异显著(p<0.05)。下同。

Fig.1 Distribution of soil aggregate composition under different treatments Bars marked without the same letter indicate significant (p<0.05) difference within treatments under the same particle size. The same as below.

表1 不同处理对土壤容重和团聚体稳定性的影响

Table 1 Effects of different treatments on soil bulk density and aggregate stability

处理Treatment	BD/(g·cm^-3)	MWD/mm	GMD/mm	R_0.25/%
NPK	0.95±0.03 a	1.73±0.01 b	0.96±0.01 b	69.94±1.00 b
RS	0.93±0.02 ab	1.83±0.01 ab	1.01±0.03 ab	75.20±1.95 ab
CM	0.82±0.08 b	1.90±0.02 a	1.05±0.04 a	80.61±2.30 a

表2 土壤团聚体稳定性与各粒径团聚体比例的相关性

Table 2 Correlation within soil aggregate stability indexes and particle size distribution

指标 Index	与不同粒径团聚体比例的相关系数Correlation coefficient with the proportion of aggregates with different particle sizes
指标 Index	>2.00 mm	>1.00~2.00 mm	>0.25~1.00 mm	≤0.25 mm
MWD	0.69^*	-0.10	0.87^**	-0.89^**
GMD	0.76^**	-0.22	0.82^**	-0.90^**
R_0.25	0.91^**	-0.12	0.79^**	-0.920^**

图2 不同处理下土壤的有机碳含量和各粒径团聚体有机碳含量柱上无相同字母的表示差异显著(p<0.05)。下同。

Fig.2 Soil organic carbon content and organic carbon content of aggregates with different particle sizes under different treatments Bars marked without the same letter indicate significant (p<0.05) difference. The same as below.

图3 不同处理下土壤的全氮含量和各粒径团聚体全氮含量

Fig.3 Soil total nitrogen content and total nitrogen content of aggregates with different particle sizes under different treatments

表3 不同处理下土壤各粒径团聚体的有机碳储量和贡献率

Table 3 Organic carbon storage and contribution rate of soil aggregates with different particle sizes under different treatments

处理 Treatment	不同粒径团聚体的有机碳储量/(t·hm^-2) Organic carbon storage of soil aggregates with different particle sizes/(t·hm^-2)				不同粒径团聚体的有机碳贡献率/% Contribution rate of organic carbon in aggregates with different particle sizes/%
处理 Treatment	>2.00 mm	>1.00~ 2.00 mm	>0.25~ 1.00 mm	≤0.25 mm	>2.00 mm	>1.00~ 2.00 mm	>0.25~ 1.00 mm	≤0.25 mm
NPK	101.16±5.46 c	2.26±0.38 a	6.17±0.11 b	36.36±1.72 a	49.88±1.61 b	7.64±0.95 a	12.45±1.66 a	30.06±2.31 a
RS	120.70±6.11 b	2.64±0.32 a	7.21±0.26 b	20.52±0.64 b	58.16±2.03 a	7.47±1.32 a	13.36±1.02 a	21.00±1.47 b
CM	168.85±9.91 a	2.96±0.18 a	11.43±0.79 a	16.10±1.10 c	61.11±1.15 a	8.41±0.92 a	13.43±1.04 a	17.05±1.24 b

表4 不同处理下土壤各粒径团聚体的全氮储量和贡献率

Table 4 Total nitrogen storage and contribution rate of soil aggregates with different particle sizes under different treatments

处理 Treatment	不同粒径团聚体的全氮储量/(t·hm^-2) Total nitrogen storage of soil aggregates with different particle sizes/(t·hm^-2)				不同粒径团聚体的全氮贡献率/% Contribution rate of total nitrogen in aggregates with different particle sizes/%
处理 Treatment	>2.00 mm	>1.00~ 2.00 mm	>0.25~ 1.00 mm	≤0.25 mm	>2.00 mm	>1.00~ 2.00 mm	>0.25~ 1.00 mm	≤0.25 mm
NPK	8.68±0.42 b	0.13±0.03 a	0.37±0.08 b	2.42±0.20 a	57.26±1.18 b	5.93±1.00 a	10.01±1.74 c	26.80±1.64 a
RS	10.11±1.55 ab	0.20±0.02 a	0.47±0.13 b	1.35±0.28 b	63.29±2.87 a	7.48±1.39 a	11.39±1.02 b	17.84±2.00 b
CM	12.49±1.79 a	0.17±0.07 a	1.01±0.06 a	1.17±0.10 b	60.94±4.48 ab	6.54±1.31 a	15.71±3.43 a	16.81±1.62 b

图4 土壤团聚体分布及稳定性与团聚体有机碳、全氮贡献率的冗余分析(RDA) T1C、T2C、T3C、T4C分别表示粒径>2.00、>1.00~2.00、>0.25~1.00、≤0.25 mm团聚体的有机碳贡献率;T1N、T2N、T3N、T4N分别表示粒径>2.00、>1.00~2.00、>0.25~1.00、≤0.25 mm团聚体的全氮贡献率;P1、P2、P3、P4分别表示各粒径团聚体比例;MWD、GMD、R0.25分别表示团聚体平均质量直径、几何平均直径、粒径>0.25 mm团聚体比例(质量分数);NPK1、NPK2、NPK3分别表示NPK处理的3个重复,其余处理点依此类推表示。

Fig.4 Redundancy analysis (RDA) between soil aggregate distribution and stability and organic carbon and total nitrogen contribution rate of soil aggregates T1C, T2C, T3C and T4C in the figure represent the contribution rate of organic carbon in aggregates with particle sizes of >2.00,>1.00~2.00,>0.25~1.00, ≤0.25 mm, respectively; T1N, T2N, T3N, T4N represent the contribution rate of total nitrogen in aggregates with particle sizes of >2.00, >1.00~2.00, >0.25~1.00, ≤0.25 mm, respectively; P1, P2, P3 and P4 represent the proportion of aggregates with particle sizes of >2.00, >1.00~2.00, >0.25~1.00, ≤0.25 mm, respectively; MWD, GMD and R0.25 represent the average weight diameter, geometric average diameter, and the proportion (mass froction) of aggregates with particle size >0.25 mm, respectively; NPK1, NPK2, NPK3 represent three replicates of NPK treatment, and the remaining points are represented analogously.

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外源有机物料长期施用对黄泥田团聚体稳定性和有机碳氮积累的影响

Effects of exogenous organic materials amendments on soil aggregate stability and accumulation of organic carbon and total nitrogen in yellow clayey paddy soil

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