长期施肥对水田和旱地土壤微生物群落结构、活性碳氮及酶活性的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2018.05.20

浙江农业学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 817-824.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2018.05.20

长期施肥对水田和旱地土壤微生物群落结构、活性碳氮及酶活性的影响

王桂跃, 苏婷, 韩海亮, 谭禾平, 包斐, 赵福成^*

浙江省农业科学院东阳玉米研究所,浙江东阳 322100

收稿日期:2017-11-01 出版日期:2018-05-20 发布日期:2018-05-23
通讯作者: 赵福成,E-mail: Encliff@163.com
作者简介:王桂跃(1962—),男,浙江东阳人,学士,副研究员,主要从事鲜食玉米高产高效栽培研究。E-mail: zjdygy@163.com
基金资助:
国家现代农业产业体系(CARS-02-69); 浙江省新品种选育重大专项(2016); 浙江省农科院青年人才培养项目(2015)

Soil microbial community structure, labile organic carbon and nitrogen and enzyme activities in paddy field and upland affected by long-term fertilization systems

WANG Guiyue, SU Ting, HAN Hailiang, TAN Heping, BAO Fei, ZHAO Fucheng^*

Dongyang Institute of Maize Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongyang 322100, China

Received:2017-11-01 Online:2018-05-20 Published:2018-05-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确长期施肥对水田和旱地土壤微生物群落结构、活性碳氮含量及酶活性的影响,于2009年在浙江省东阳玉米研究所试验站进行了田间定位试验。试验由6个处理3次重复随机排列组成:水田无肥区(PCK),水田常规施肥区(PCF),水田测土配方施肥纯化肥区(PSTF),水田测土配方施肥化肥+有机肥区(PSTF+OF),旱地常规施肥区(DCF),旱地测土配方施肥化肥+有机肥区(DSTF+OF)。于2015年分析测定土壤养分、微生物生物量和群落结构。结果表明,与不施肥处理相比,施肥处理显著(P<0.05)提高土壤有效磷和速效钾含量,降低pH值。不同施肥处理对水田和旱地土壤的可培养细菌与放线菌数量无显著影响,仅PSTF+OF处理显著(P<0.05)提高土壤可培养真菌的数量。测土配方施肥+有机肥处理(PSTF+OF和DSTF+OF)显著(P<0.05)提高水田和旱地土壤的微生物量碳、氮含量。各处理对土壤纤维素酶活性无显著影响,但测土配方施肥+有机肥处理(PSTF+OF和DSTF+OF)显著(P<0.05)提高了土壤脱氢酶和过氧化氢酶的活性。总体来看,化肥和有机肥长期配合施用,可有效提高土壤肥力。

关键词: 施肥, 土壤肥力, 长期定位试验

Abstract: To investigate the effects of long-term fertilization systems on soil microbial community structure, labile organic carbon and nitrogen, and enzyme activities in yellow sand paddy field and upland, a field experiment was conducted at the experimental station of Dongyang Institute of Maize Research, Zhejiang, China in 2009. The experiment consisted of six treatments with three replicates and was arranged in a completely randomized design: PCK, no fertilization in paddy field; PCF, conventional fertilization in paddy field; PSTF, formulated fertilization by soil testing in paddy field; PSTF+OF, formulated fertilization by soil testing with organic manure in paddy field; DCF, conventional fertilization on upland; DSTF+OF, formulated fertilization by soil testing with organic manure on upland. Soil nutrients, enzyme activities, microbial biomass and community structure were determined in 2015. It was shown that compared with no fertilization in paddy field (PCK), all fertilization treatments significantly (P<0.05) increased soil available phosphorus and potassium contents, and decreased soil pH value. All treatments had no significant effects on quantity of soil culturable bacteria and actinomycetes, yet PSTF+OF significantly (P<0.05) increased the quantity of soil culturable fungi. Formulated fertilization by soil testing with organic manure (PSTF+OF and DSTF+OF) significantly (P<0.05) increased soil microbial carbon and nitrogen contents both in paddy field and upland. All treatments had no significant effect on soil cellulose activity, while formulated fertilization by soil testing with organic manure (PSTF+OF and DSTF+OF) significantly (P<0.05) increased soil dehydrogenase and catalase activities. In general, application of chemical fertilizers with organic manure could improve soil fertility.

Key words: fertilization, soil fertility, long-term experiment

中图分类号:

S147.2

王桂跃, 苏婷, 韩海亮, 谭禾平, 包斐, 赵福成. 长期施肥对水田和旱地土壤微生物群落结构、活性碳氮及酶活性的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2018, 30(5): 817-824.

WANG Guiyue, SU Ting, HAN Hailiang, TAN Heping, BAO Fei, ZHAO Fucheng. Soil microbial community structure, labile organic carbon and nitrogen and enzyme activities in paddy field and upland affected by long-term fertilization systems[J]. , 2018, 30(5): 817-824.

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长期施肥对水田和旱地土壤微生物群落结构、活性碳氮及酶活性的影响

Soil microbial community structure, labile organic carbon and nitrogen and enzyme activities in paddy field and upland affected by long-term fertilization systems

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