氮肥调控对浙北地区秸秆全量还田稻田土壤及水稻产量的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2020.02.01

浙江农业学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 183-190.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2020.02.01

氮肥调控对浙北地区秸秆全量还田稻田土壤及水稻产量的影响

王保君, 程旺大, 陈贵, 沈亚强, 沈盟, 袁晔, 王蕾, 张红梅^*

嘉兴市农业科学研究院生态环境研究所,浙江嘉兴 314016

收稿日期:2019-08-31 出版日期:2020-02-25 发布日期:2020-03-13
通讯作者: *张红梅,E-mail: xiuyingyifei10@sina.com
作者简介:王保君(1990—),男,山西忻州人,硕士,助理农艺师,主要从事耕作制度与农业生态研究。E-mail: wbj19901012@163.com
基金资助:
浙江省农业重大技术协同推广计划(2019XTGLY01); 浙江省重大研发计划(2016C02050-3); 嘉兴市科技计划(2016BZ26006,2017AZ13025); 浙江省粮油产业技术团队项目; 嘉兴市农业技术推广基金会项目

Effects of nitrogen fertilizer regulation on soil properties of paddy fields and rice yield with full amount returning of straw in Northern Zhejiang

WANG Baojun, CHENG Wangda, CHEN Gui, SHEN Yaqiang, SHEN Meng, YUAN Ye, WANG Lei, ZHANG Hongmei^*

Institute of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Science, Jiaxing 314016, China

Received:2019-08-31 Online:2020-02-25 Published:2020-03-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 于2016—2017年连续开展大田定位试验,采用随机区组设计,以嘉优中科6号为材料,设置4种施氮水平(以纯N计:N0,不施氮;N1,225 kg·hm^-2;N2,300 kg·hm^-2;N3,375 kg·hm^-2),研究秸秆全量还田下氮肥调控对浙北地区稻田土壤养分、碳库、微生物,及水稻产量的影响。结果表明,在秸秆全量还田下,随着施氮量的增加,稻田土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾、碳库和微生物数量呈先增后减的趋势。与N0相比,N1处理的全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、易氧化有机碳含量分别显著(P<0.05)增加了7.14%、9.86%、54.74%和21.70%;N2处理的全氮、速效钾、铵态氮、硝态氮、可溶性碳、易氧化有机碳、微生物碳、土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌数量分别显著(P<0.05)增加了32.59%、20.16%、12.12%、58.34%、54.45%、29.57%、56.49%、211.16%、241.61%和96.10%; N3处理的全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、易氧化有机碳、微生物碳含量和真菌数量分别显著(P<0.05)增加了28.57%、16.84%、61.72%、27.45%、49.79%和231.54%。在产量方面,与N0相比,N1、N2和N3处理分别显著增加37.97%~45.47%、41.85%~53.35% 和38.85%~47.57%。在试验设置条件下,秸秆全量还田配施300 kg·hm^-2纯N可以改善土壤养分含量、土壤碳库和土壤微生物活性,增加作物产量。

关键词: 秸秆全量还田, 氮肥调控, 土壤养分, 土壤碳库, 土壤微生物

Abstract: In the present study, a field positioning experiment with randomized block design was successively conducted during 2016-2017. The rice cultivar Jiayouzhongke 6 was used as test material, and four nitrogen application levels (based on N) were set: N0, no N fertilization; N1, 225 kg·hm^-2; N2, 300 kg·hm^-2; N3, 375 kg·hm^-2, to explore the effects of nitrogen fertilizer regulation on soil nutrients, carbon pools, microorganisms and rice yield of paddy fields in Northern Zhejiang. It was shown that the amount of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, carbon pool and microorganism in paddy field increased first and then decreased with the increasing nitrogen application rate. Compared with N0, the contents of total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and easily-oxidized organic carbon of N1 treatment were significantly (P<0.05) increased by 7.14%, 9.86%, 54.74% and 21.70%, respectively; the contents of total nitrogen, available potassium, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, soluble carbon, easily-oxidized organic carbon, microbial carbon, soil bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes of N2 treatment were significantly (P<0.05) increased by 32.59%, 20.16%, 12.12%, 58.34%, 54.45%, 29.57%, 56.49%, 211.16%, 241.61% and 96.10%, respectively; and the total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, easily-oxidized organic carbon, microbial carbon and fungi of N3 treatment were significantly (P<0.05) increased by 28.57%, 16.84%, 61.72%, 27.45%, 49.79% and 231.54%, respectively. The yields of N1, N2 and N3 treatments were significantly (P<0.05) increased by 37.97%-45.47%, 41.85%-53.35% and 38.85%-47.57%, respectively, compared with N0. In conclusion, under the experimental conditions, the application of 300 kg·hm^-2 N combined with full amount returning of straw could improve soil nutrients, soil carbon pool and soil microbial activity, and increase rice yield.

Key words: full amount returning of straw, nitrogen fertilizer regulation, soil nutrients, soil carbon pool, soil microorganisms

中图分类号:

S147.2

王保君, 程旺大, 陈贵, 沈亚强, 沈盟, 袁晔, 王蕾, 张红梅. 氮肥调控对浙北地区秸秆全量还田稻田土壤及水稻产量的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2020, 32(2): 183-190.

WANG Baojun, CHENG Wangda, CHEN Gui, SHEN Yaqiang, SHEN Meng, YUAN Ye, WANG Lei, ZHANG Hongmei. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer regulation on soil properties of paddy fields and rice yield with full amount returning of straw in Northern Zhejiang[J]. , 2020, 32(2): 183-190.

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氮肥调控对浙北地区秸秆全量还田稻田土壤及水稻产量的影响

Effects of nitrogen fertilizer regulation on soil properties of paddy fields and rice yield with full amount returning of straw in Northern Zhejiang

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