蛋白水解氨基酸肥料对红美人杂柑果实品质的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.03.06

浙江农业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 422-428.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2021.03.06

蛋白水解氨基酸肥料对红美人杂柑果实品质的影响

温明霞¹, 张顺昌², 吴韶辉¹, 胡丽鹏², 王鹏¹, 黄贝¹

1.浙江省柑橘研究所,浙江台州 318026
2.浙江省台州市农资股份有限公司,浙江台州 318020

收稿日期:2020-06-17 出版日期:2021-03-25 发布日期:2021-03-25
作者简介:温明霞(1973—),女,河南洛阳人,博士,助理研究员,主要从事柑橘营养与栽培技术研究。E-mail: wenmx@126.com
基金资助:
台州市科技项目(1801ny04);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0202004);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201500)

Effect of protein hydrolysate-based amino-acid fertilizers on fruit quality of Hongmeiren citrus hybrid

WEN Mingxia¹, ZHANG Shunchang², WU Shaohui¹, HU Lipeng², WANG Peng¹, HUANG Bei¹

1. Zhejiang Citrus Research Institute, Taizhou 318026, China
2. Zhejiang Taizhou Agricultural Materials Co.,Ltd., Taizhou 318020, China

Received:2020-06-17 Online:2021-03-25 Published:2021-03-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究蛋白水解氨基酸肥料对红美人杂柑果实品质的影响,为其在柑橘上的应用提供理论依据。以红美人杂柑为研究对象,以大豆蛋白水解氨基酸肥料为试验材料,从柑橘谢花2/3开始,隔20 d喷施一次蛋白水解氨基酸肥料800倍液,每处理开始喷施的时间相差20 d,年生长周期内每处理各喷施3次,用来研究蛋白水解氨基酸对红美人春梢叶片的叶绿素含量、果实色度及品质的影响。结果表明,谢花2/3时和谢花2/3后60 d开始喷施蛋白水解氨基酸肥料可显著增加红美人春梢的叶绿素含量,增加幅度分别为20.6%和22.6%;喷施蛋白水解氨基酸肥料处理果皮的色度L值、色度a值和色度b值均呈正值,谢花2/3时开始喷施处理的L、a、b值显著高于对照,果实橙红色,亮度较好;喷施蛋白水解氨基酸肥料的果实可食率、可溶性固形物和维生素C含量均高于对照,而总酸含量低于对照,果实的品质较好。另外,谢花2/3时开始喷施蛋白水解氨基酸肥料可以增加果皮亮度,促进果实着色,单果质量较大,利于提高产量,果皮较薄,可食率增加,其综合表现最佳。因此, 蛋白水解氨基酸肥料在红美人上使用时,建议在谢花2/3时开始喷施,每20 d喷施1次,连续喷3次的效果较好。

关键词: 蛋白水解氨基酸, 红美人杂柑, 果实色泽, 品质

Abstract:

To establish a fertilization model, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and improve the citrus tree potential, the protein hydrolysate-based amino-acid fertilizers (PHs) were tested by spraying on the leaves of Hongmeiren citrus hybrid during different fruit growth periods. Starting from two thirds citrus flower faded, 800 times of PHs was sprayed every 20 days, the spraying time of other treatments was 20 days later gradually, and each treatment was sprayed three times in the annual growth cycle, to study the effects of PHs on chlorophyll content, fruit color and quality of spring shoot leaves of Hongmeiren. The results showed that the chlorophyll content of the spring shoots of Hongmeiren was significantly increased by 20.6% and 22.6%, respectively, when spraying PHs at the beginning of two thirds citrus flower faded and 60 days after two thirds of citrus flower faded. The values of color L, color a and color b of the citrus peel with PHs were positive, and they were significantly higher than those of the treatment of spraying PHs at the time of two thirds of citrus flower faded, and the fruit was orange-red with better brightness. The fruit edible rate, soluble solids and vitamin C content of the treatments with PHs were higher than those of the control group, while the titratable acid content was lower than that of the control group, and the fruit quality was better. In addition, spraying PHs at the time of two thirds citrus flower faded can increase the brightness of the citrus peel, promote the fruit color, the fruit weight was larger and conducive to increase the yield, the peel was thinner so that the edible rate increased. Therefore, it is recommended to start spraying on the leaves of Hongmeiren at the time of two thirds of citrus flower faded, spraying once every 20 days, and spraying three times continuously was better.

Key words: protein hydrolysate-based amino-acid fertilizer, Hongmeiren citrus hybrid, fruit chroma, quality

中图分类号:

S666.9

温明霞, 张顺昌, 吴韶辉, 胡丽鹏, 王鹏, 黄贝. 蛋白水解氨基酸肥料对红美人杂柑果实品质的影响[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2021, 33(3): 422-428.

WEN Mingxia, ZHANG Shunchang, WU Shaohui, HU Lipeng, WANG Peng, HUANG Bei. Effect of protein hydrolysate-based amino-acid fertilizers on fruit quality of Hongmeiren citrus hybrid[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2021, 33(3): 422-428.

图/表 4

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处理 Treatment	L	a	b
CK	62.18±2.10 c	28.16±1.65 c	64.04±2.78 c
T1	68.03±8.45 a	31.71±1.80 a	66.59±3.50 ab
T2	65.34±1.93 ab	30.04±1.81 b	65.77±2.07 abc
T3	63.35±3.05 bc	30.48±3.25 ab	65.45±1.47 abc
T4	63.35±3.05 bc	29.51±1.74 bc	67.45±2.78 a

处理 Treatment	L	a	b
CK	62.18±2.10 c	28.16±1.65 c	64.04±2.78 c
T1	68.03±8.45 a	31.71±1.80 a	66.59±3.50 ab
T2	65.34±1.93 ab	30.04±1.81 b	65.77±2.07 abc
T3	63.35±3.05 bc	30.48±3.25 ab	65.45±1.47 abc
T4	63.35±3.05 bc	29.51±1.74 bc	67.45±2.78 a

处理 Treatment	纵径 Vertical diameter/mm	横径 Horizontal diameter/mm	单果质量 Fruit weight/g	果皮厚 Peel thickness/mm	可食率 Edible ratio/%
CK	72.71±1.19 b	75.27±.0.54 b	225.1±6.1 b	3.00±0.28 a	81.4±0.1 e
T1	79.07±4.38 a	82.54±3.00 a	267.5±30.1 a	2.47±0.01 b	84.6±0.5 a
T2	78.84±6.40 a	79.67±5.70 a	251.5±15.5 ab	2.77±0.01 ab	83.0±0.6 bcd
T3	76.89±2.35 ab	79.51±1.78 a	245.7±11.2 ab	2.63±0.04 ab	83.9±0.1 ab
T4	75.42±2.39 ab	79.24±2.93 a	245.2±13.3 ab	2.62±0.05 ab	83.1±0.1 bc

处理 Treatment	纵径 Vertical diameter/mm	横径 Horizontal diameter/mm	单果质量 Fruit weight/g	果皮厚 Peel thickness/mm	可食率 Edible ratio/%
CK	72.71±1.19 b	75.27±.0.54 b	225.1±6.1 b	3.00±0.28 a	81.4±0.1 e
T1	79.07±4.38 a	82.54±3.00 a	267.5±30.1 a	2.47±0.01 b	84.6±0.5 a
T2	78.84±6.40 a	79.67±5.70 a	251.5±15.5 ab	2.77±0.01 ab	83.0±0.6 bcd
T3	76.89±2.35 ab	79.51±1.78 a	245.7±11.2 ab	2.63±0.04 ab	83.9±0.1 ab
T4	75.42±2.39 ab	79.24±2.93 a	245.2±13.3 ab	2.62±0.05 ab	83.1±0.1 bc

处理 Treatment	总糖 Total sugar/(g·100g^-1)	可滴定酸 Titratable acid/( g·100mL^-1)	可溶性固形物 TSS/%	维生素C Vitamin C/(mg·100g^-1)
CK	9.9±0.4 b	0.76±0.03 a	11.2±0.4 c	30.9±0.1 c
T1	11.5±0.1 a	0.62±0.03 b	12.9±0.1 a	36.5±0.7 a
T2	10.3±0.4 ab	0.65±0.07 b	12.2±0.3 ab	36.2±0.3 a
T3	10.2±0.3 b	0.62±0.02 b	12.0±0.3 ab	31.9±0.1 b
T4	10.3±0.1 ab	0.72±0.03 ab	11.9±0.6 bc	31.2±0.3 bc

蛋白水解氨基酸肥料对红美人杂柑果实品质的影响

Effect of protein hydrolysate-based amino-acid fertilizers on fruit quality of Hongmeiren citrus hybrid

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